Maternity Ch. 5 Flashcards

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1
Q

Maternal tasks

A

● Ensuring a safe passage for herself and her child: the mother’s knowledge and care-seeking behaviors to ensure that both she and the newborn emerge from pregnancy healthy.
● Ensuring social acceptance of the child by significant others: the woman’s engagement of her family and social network in the pregnancy.
● Attaching or “binding-in” to the child: the development of maternal-fetal attachment.
● Giving of oneself to the demands of motherhood: the mother’s willingness and efforts to make personal sacrifices for the child. **

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2
Q

Acceptance of Pregnancy

A

● Responding to mood changes
● Responding to ambivalent feelings (okay to feel this way at the beginning
● Responding to nausea, fatigue, and other physical discomforts of the early months of pregnancy

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3
Q

Expected findings of acceptance of pregnancy

A

● Desire for and/or acceptance of pregnancy.
● Predominately happy feelings during pregnancy.
● Little physical discomfort or a high tolerance for the discomfort.
● Acceptance of body changes.
● Minimal ambivalent feelings and conflict regarding pregnancy by the end of her pregnancy. (Not good to feel this in 3rd trimester; need to assess reasoning)
● A dislike of being pregnant but a feeling of love for the unborn child.

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4
Q

Expected findings that facilitate fetal attachment and motherhood role

A

● Hearing the fetal heartbeat.
● Seeing the fetus move during an ultrasound examination.
● Feeling the fetus kick or move.

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5
Q

How does a pregnant woman’s relationship with their mom and partner effect pregnancy?

A

Could cause prolonged acceptance

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6
Q

Four components important to the woman’s relationship with her own mother are

A

● Availability of the woman’s mother to her in the past and in the present.
● The mother’s reaction to her daughter’s pregnancy. ● The mother’s relationship to her daughter.
● The mother’s willingness to reminisce with her daughter about her own childbirth and child-rearing experiences.

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7
Q

Assessment of the couple’s relationship includes:

A

● The partner is understanding and supportive of the woman.
● The partner is thoughtful and “pampers” the woman during pregnancy.
● The partner is involved in the pregnancy.
● The woman perceives that her partner is supportive. ● The woman is concerned about her partner’s needs of making emotional adjustments to the pregnancy and new role.
● Women in relationships with established open communication about sexuality are likely to have less difficulty with changes in sexual activity.
● Couples indicate that they are growing closer to each other during pregnancy.
● The partner is happy and excited about the pregnancy and prepares for the new role.

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8
Q

Prep for labor expected findings:

A

● The woman attends childbirth classes and reads books and online resources about labor and birth.
● The woman uses smartphone applications to track her pregnancy and growing fetus.
● The woman has dreams about labor and birth and works with her partner or birthing coach to develop a birth plan.
● The woman develops realistic expectations of labor and birth.

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9
Q

Degree of fear related to labor is related to

A

● The woman’s degree of trust with the medical and nursing staff, her partner, and other support persons.
● The woman’s attitude regarding the use of medication and anesthesia for labor pain management.

Education!!!!

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10
Q

Multiparity benefits and issues

A

Multigravidas may have the benefit of experience, but it should not be assumed that they need less help than a first-time mother. They know more of what to expect in terms of pain during labor, postpartum adaptation, and the many added responsibilities of motherhood, but they may need time to process and develop strategies for integrating a new member into the family.

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11
Q

Multiparity may greive

A

She may spend a great deal of time working out a new relationship with the first child and grieve for the loss of their special relationship. She also has to consider the financial issues associated with feeding, clothing, and providing for another child while at the same time maintaining a relationship with her partner and continuing her career, whether inside or outside the home.

***it is normal to grieve

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12
Q

Adolescent mothers

A
  • Delayed prenatal care (may be hiding pregnancy)
  • Lack partner support = negative maternal behaviors, adverse emotional health, and low birth weight
  • Self-centered and oriented toward the present
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13
Q

Older moms

A
  • Chronic diseases that are more common in women over 35 may affect the pregnancy. Older mothers are also more likely to have miscarriages, fetal chromosomal abnormalities, low birth weight infants, premature births, and multiple births
  • More likely to have a c-section
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14
Q

Single mom

A

Single mothers may live at or below the poverty level, facing greater financial challenges, resulting in a higher risk of depression

● Telling the family may cause concern.
● Issues regarding legal guardianship in the event she is incapacitated must be considered.
● Deciding whether to put the father’s name on the birth certificate.
● Some single mothers are financially stable and have well-established careers. (could be single by choice so you know how to guide care)

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15
Q

Multigestational Pregnancy

A

-Carrying twins/triplets (Shocks parents)

If the woman is found to be carrying more than three fetuses, the parents may receive counseling regarding selective reduction of the pregnancies to reduce the incidence of premature birth and allow the remaining fetuses to grow to term gestation.

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16
Q

Psychosocial health assessment

A

Screening tools to assess adaptation to pregnancy and to identify risk factors

-more commonly done on moms from abuse or mental health disorders

***Refer out of needed

17
Q

Father’s participation is based on

A

Culture

-Some want to be involved and others don’t

18
Q

Effect of pregnancy on fathers

A
  • An expectant father may have increased concern about his partner’s well-being and worry about whether they will be good parents
  • Men enter into the unknown realm of pregnancy with certain expectations of how they should think and feel; these expectations are imposed by oneself and by societal attitudes of male hegemony.
  • During the pregnancy, men can feel that their needs are neglected and their role underutilized
  • Couvade Syndrome
19
Q

Couvade Syndrome

A

Men may experience pregnancy-like symptoms and discomforts similar to those of their pregnant partner, such as nausea, weight gain, or abdominal pains

20
Q

Phases of paternal development

A
  1. Announcement phase: react with news of pregnancy with joy or distress
  2. Moratorium phase: Put conscious thought aside that mom is pregnant
  3. Focus phase: Last trimester. Dad becomes actively involved
21
Q

Sexuality with pregnancy

A
  • Varies based on men and women

- Educate that it is safe to have sex during third trimester and it won’t hurt baby

22
Q

Sibling adaption (how do they feel?)

A

May feel as if being replaced or jealous

23
Q

Sibling adaption: under 2

A

do not understand whats going on

24
Q

Sibling adaption: 2-4 years old

A

Sensitive to disruptions of the physical environment

ex: moving sibling from crib to bed shoul dbe done at least 2 months before baby is born

***No surprises!

25
Q

Sibling adaption: 4-5 years

A

Enjoy listening to heart beat and may show interest in moms changing body

-May resent moms body because can’t pick them up anymore

26
Q

Sibling adaption: 6-12 (school aged)

A

Keenly interested and want to help prepare

27
Q

Sibling adaption: adolescent

A

May be uncomfortable with parents sexuality or be embarrassed of moms changes in appearance

28
Q

Sibling preparation tips

A
  • Encourage older children to participate in care of sibling but NEVER leave them alone
  • Give gift from new sibling from baby and vise versa
29
Q

Grandparent adaptation

A
  • can respond negatively b/c they feel as if they are growing old and aren’t ready to be grandparents
  • Can be called on for long-term help ex: parent has mental health issues or goes to jail
30
Q

Cultural Prescriptive Beliefs

A

● Pregnancy cravings need to be satisfied or the baby will be born with a birthmark.
● Sleep flat on your back to protect the fetus from harm.

31
Q

Cultural Restrictive Beliefs

A

● Do not have your picture taken because it might cause stillbirth.
● Do not reach over your head or the cord will wrap around the baby’s neck.

32
Q

Ex of cultural beliefs affecting childbearing

A

● Umbilical cord should be saved.
● Circumcision should be performed on the eighth day of life.
● Placenta should be buried.
● Colostrum is harmful and should be avoided.

33
Q

Home birth criteria

A

● The woman must be comfortable with her decision.
● The woman should be in good health; home birth is not for high-risk pregnancy.
● The woman should have access to a good transportation system in case of transfer to the hospital.
● The woman should be attended by a well-trained health care provider with adequate medical supplies and resuscitation equipment

34
Q

Birthplan

A

Birth plans typically emphasize specific requests for labor and immediate postdelivery care. Some involve expectations surrounding postpartum and newborn care as well, including breastfeeding.

35
Q

Doula

A

Continuous support by a trained doula during labor has been associated with shorter labors, decreased need for analgesics, decreased need for medical interventions, and increased maternal satisfaction