Maternity Flashcards

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1
Q

From what location is the fetal heart rate best auscultated?

A

The fetal back

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2
Q

When should periodic auscultation be done?

A

During the contraction and for 30 seconds afterward

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3
Q

What must have happened for the internal fetal scalp electrode monitor to be used?

A

Ruptured membranes and dilation of at least 2cm.

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4
Q

What spot should be avoided on the baby’s head with a scalp monitor?

A

The fontanel. Can’t be placed on a fontanel.

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5
Q

What is the normal baseline fetal heart rate range?

A

120-160

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6
Q

What are the conditions for determining the baseline FHR?

A

Must be from at least 10 minutes of a non-contracted heart rate.

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7
Q

What is indicative of fetal distress?

A

A fetal HR > 160 for 10+ minutes

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8
Q

List the potential causes of fetal tachycardia (6)

A
  • hypoxia
  • maternal fever
  • amnionitis
  • drugs (ex: cocaine, amphetamines, nicotine)
  • newborn prematurity
  • fetal activity
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9
Q

Fetal bradycardia

A

FHR < 110

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10
Q

At what point does bradycardia become a concern?

A

When it is present for more than 10 minutes

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11
Q

Potential causes of fetal bradycardia (5)

A
  • fetal hypoxia
  • fetal acidosis
  • maternal drug use
  • maternal hypotension
  • prolonged compression of the umbilical cord
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12
Q

Range for normal FHR variability

A

6-25 bpm. (This is a good sign of fetal well being!)

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13
Q

Range for decreased/minimal FHR variability?

What do these indicate?

A
  • 3 to 5 bpm

- these can indicate uteroplacental insufficiency, fetal hypoxia, or fetal acidosis

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14
Q

Range for absent FHR variability

A

0-2 bpm

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15
Q

Range for increased/marked FHR variability?

What do these indicate?

A
  • > 25 bpm

- can indicate cord prolapse or compression, maternal hypotension, abruption, or uterine overstimulation

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16
Q

What is a sign of poor reserve in the fetus?

A

Poor/absent variability. The baby only has the energy to maintain the HR.

17
Q

What are the parameters for an acceleration?

A

Increase by about 15 bpm and return to baseline within about 2 minutes

18
Q

What is the baby telling you with accelerations?

A

Whoa this is a rollercoaster! But I’ve got the reserve to handle this! Things are good!

19
Q

Explain what an early deceleration is

A

It is a decrease in FHR of ___ that mirrors contractions with a quick return to baseline. Are a result of the fetal head being squeezed in the vaginal tract so they most often occur late in labor.