Maternal RLE Flashcards
1
Q
A ring shaped muscle that relaxes or tightens to open or close a passage opening in the body
A
Sphincter
2
Q
– is a series of wave like muscle contraction the moves food through the digestive tract
A
Peristalsis
3
Q
the process of removing waste from the body
A
Excretion
4
Q
is an opening in the belly( in the abdo wall ) that’s made during the procedure
A
Ileostomy
5
Q
swollen veins in your lower rectum
A
Hemorrhoids
6
Q
also called bowel movement, the act of eliminating solid or semisolid waste
A
Defecation
7
Q
loose, watery and possible more frequent bowel movements
A
Diarrhea
8
Q
is the first feces, or stool of the newborn
A
Meconium
9
Q
a large hard mass of stool that gets stuck so badly
A
Impaction
10
Q
is generally described as having fewer than three bowel movements
A
constipation
11
Q
is a muscular tube which extends from the lower end of your
A
Intestine
12
Q
the process of taking food , drink or another substance into the body by swallowing
A
ingestion
12
Q
is the medical word for gas generated in the stomach or bowels
A
Flatus
13
Q
are injection of fuild used to cleanse or stimulate the emptying of your bowel
A
enemas
14
Q
the longest part of the large intestine
A
Colon
15
Q
Waste products leaving the stomach through the small intestine and the passing through the ileocecal valve
A
CHYME
16
Q
Extends from the ileocecal valve to anus
A
Large intestine
17
Q
protects lining from acid in feces and from bacterial activity
A
Mucus
18
Q
– largely air and by-products of the digestion of carbohydrates
A
Flatus
19
Q
The wavelike movement that propels intestinal contents forward
A
Peristalsis
20
Q
movement of the chyme back and forth within the haustra.
A
Haustral churning
21
Q
very sluggish and is thought to move the chyme very little along the large intestine
A
Colon Peristalsis
22
Q
powerful muscular contraction that moves over large areas of the colon
A
Mass Peristalsis
23
Q
under involuntary control
A
Internal Sphincter
24
under voluntary control
External Sphincter
25
Expulsion of feces assisted by contraction of the abdominal muscles
DEFECATION
26
Normal defecation is facilitated by
flexion, sitting position
27
Semi-solid mass of waste products in the colon that is expelled through the anus
FECES
28
the first fecal material passed by the newborn, normally up to 24hours, black, tarry, odorless and sticky
Meconium
29
increased peristalsis of colon after meals
Gastrocolic reflex
30
help lower blood cholesterol and glucose level
Soluble
31
fibre that promotes movement of material and increases stool bulk
Insoluble
32
Gas-producing foods
cabbage, onions, cauliflower, bananas, apples
33
Laxative-producing foods
prunes, chocolate, alcohol
34
Constipation-producing foods
( cheese, pasta, eggs and lean meat
35
Stimulate peristalsis, thus facilitating movement of chyme along the colon
Activity
36
Body continues to reabsorbed fluid from the chyme as it passes along the colon
Fluid intake and output
37
medications that stimulate bowel activity
Laxatives
38
Decreased frequency of defecation
CONSTIPATION
39
CONSTIPATION Causes includes
Insufficient fiber intake and fluid
Insufficient activity or immobility
Irregular defecation habits
Changes in daily routine
Lack of privacy
Chronic use of laxatives or enemas
40
Mass or collection of hardened feces in folds of rectum
Fecal impaction
41
Passage of liquid feces and increased frequency of defecation
DIARRHEA
42
DIARRHEA MAJOR CAUSES :
Stress
Medication
Allergies
Intolerance of food or fluids
Disease of colon
43
Loss of voluntary ability to control fecal and gaseous discharges
BOWEL INCONTINENCE
44
Inspecting the feces
Color, consistency, shape, amount, odor, abnormal constituents
45
IMPLEMENTING
Promoting regular defecation
Privacy
Timing
Nutrition and fluids
Exercise
Positioning – commode, bedpan
46
Induce defecation, strong purgative effect
Cathartics
47
produce soft of liquid stool ( caster oil)
Laxatives
48
softens feces be releasing gases
Suppositories
49
slows the motility of the intestine, absorbs excess fluid in intestine
Antidiarrheal medication
50
coalesce gas bubbles and facilitate their passage by belching
Antiflatulence medications
51
Pull fluid out of the interstitial tissue into the colon which has a higher osmotic pressure
Hypertonic
51
herbal oils act as agents that help expel gas
Carminatives
52
- Physiologic/normal saline
Isotonic
53
- Pure soap
- Creates the effect if intestinal mucosal irritation to stimulate peristalsis
Soapsuds
54
- Given to cleanse as much of the colon as possible
High enema
55
- Used to clean the rectum and sigmoid colon only
Low enema
56
FACTORS AFFECTING THE COURSE OF FLOW OF SOLUTION
- Height of solution container
- Size of tubing
- Viscosity of fluid
- Resistance of rectum
57
Introduces oil or medication into the rectum and sigmoid colon
RETENTION
58
enemas to kill helminths such as worms
Antihelmintic
59
Used primarily to expel flatus
CARMINATIVE ENEMAS
60
Alternating flow of 100 to 200 ml of fluid into/out of rectum and sigmoid colon stimulate peristalsis
RETURN-FLOW
61
PERMANENCE
Temporary
Traumatic injuries, inflammations
62
PERMANENCE
Permanent
For nonfunctional rectum, anus
63
Formal oral consideration of a subject by two or more health care personnel
DISCUSSION
64
Oral, Written, or computer-based communication intended to convey information to others
REPORT
65
Also called chart or client record
RECORD
66
Prevents fragmentation, repetition, and delays in care
Communication
67
Review client record for quality assurance purposes
Auditing Health Agencies
67
Nurses use baseline and ongoing data to evaluate effectiveness of the care plan
Planning client care
67
Admissible in court as evidence unless client objects because information clients gives to primary care provider is confidential
Legal documentation
68
From the federal Government
Reimbursement
68
Treatment plans for a number of clients with the same health problems can yield information helpful in treating other clients
Research
69
Identify agency needs such as overutilized and underutilized hospital services
Health care analysis
70
Traditional client record
Source-Oriented Record
71
POMR has four basic components
Database -Problem list -Plan of care -Progress notes
71
Data arranged according to client problem( problem list)
Problem-Oriented Medical Record
72
Focus on client concerns and strengths
FOCUS CHARTING
73
Focus on abnormal or significant findings
CHARTING by Exception
74
Electronic Health Record
Computerized documentation
75
Comprehensive admission assessment when client first admitted to nursing unit (initial assessment)
Admission Nursing Assessment
76
Concise method of organizing and recording data
Kardexes
77
Graphic record
- Body tempt, pulse, respiratory, bp, weight
Intake and output
Medication administration record
Flow Sheets
78
Provide information about progress the client is making toward achieving desired outcomes
Progress Notes
79
Completed when the client discharged
Nursing Discharge/Referral Summaries
80
Handoff” communication
Change of shift reports
81
Be concise and accurate
Telephone reports
82
Many agencies only allow registered nurses to take telephone orders
Telephone orders
83
A meeting of a group of nurses to discuss possible solutions to certain problems of a client
Care Plan Conference
84
Two or more nurses visit selected clients at bedside
Nursing rounds –
85
Is the sum of all interaction between an organism and the food it consumes
NUTRITION
86
Are organic and in organic substances found in foods that are required for body functioning
NUTRIENTS
87
needed in large amount to provide energy
Macro
88
Are large, complex molecules that play many critical roles in the body.
PROTEINS
88
required in small amount to metabolize the energy
Micro
89
Building block of protein
AMINO ACIDS
90
Cannot be synthesized by the human body
ESSENTIAL AMINO ACID
91
can be synthesized by the body
Non-Essential Amino Acids
92
helps make a brain chemical
Histidine
93
involve with your body muscle metabolism and immune function
Isoleucine
94
helps your body make protein and growth hormones
Leucine
95
involved in the production of hormones and energy.
Lysine
96
helps with your body’s tissue growth, metabolism and detoxification
Methionine
97
needed for the production of your brains chemical messengers
Phenylalanine
98
plays an important role in collagen and elastin
Threonine
99
involved in muscle growth, tissue regeneration and making energy
Valine
99
helps maintain your body’s correct nitrogen balance
Tryptophan
100
Is the formation of glucose from non-carbohydrate carbon sources
GLUCONEOGENESIS
101
Are the building blocks of the fat in our bodies and in the food we eat
FATTY ACIDS
102
Most common type of fat in your body
Triglycerides
102
The simple lipids
Glycerides
103
Is a fatlike substance that is both produced by the body
CHOLESTEROL
104
Is the relationship between the energy derived from the body and the energy used by the body
ENERGY BALANCE
105
Is defined as the total energy content of food consumed as provided by the major sources of dietary energy
ENERGY INTAKE
106
Refers to all biochemical and physiological processes by which the body grows and maintains itself
METABOLISM
107
is the rate at which the body metabolizes food to maintain the energy requirements of a person who is awake and at rest
BASAL METABOLIC RATE
108
The amount of energy required to maintain basic body functions
RESTING ENERGY EXPENDITURE
109
The amount of energy required to maintain basic body functions
RESTING ENERGY EXPENDITURE
110
Lack of necessary or appropriate food substances
MALNUTRITION
111
too many calories and improper foods that causes a person to become overweight
Overnutrition
112
Not consuming enough calories to be healthy
Undernutrition
113
An assessment performed to identify clients at risk for malnutrition or those who are malnourished
NUTRITIONAL SCREENING
114
Alternative feeding methods that ensure adequate nutrition through GI system methods.
v Enteral
115
A tube inserted through the nasal passage into the stomach
NASOGASTRIC TUBE
116
Are responsible for ensuring that the nasogastric tube can be clearly seen on the x- ray to be used to confirm tube position
Radiology Department
117
Responsible for establishing the gastric placement of NGTs prior to their use and to document this using the NG checking chart
Healthcare Professionals
118
Responsible for providing training and education to PHT staff on the insertion and management of nasogastric feeding tubes
Clinical Nutrition Nurse Specialist
119
A tube inserted through the nasal passage through the stomach into the duodenum or jejunum
NASODOUDENAL/JEJUNAL
120
Placed through mouth and into stomach
Often used in premature and small infants as they are nasal breather
OROGASTRIC
121
A feeding tube that passes into the stomach through the abdominal wall, May be placed surgically or endoscopically
GASTROTOMY
122
A feeding tube that passes into the jejunum through the abdominal wall
JEJUNOSTOMY
123
Delivered through a nostril and down the esophagus to the stomach or intestine
Short term Enteral Nutrition
124
Delivered directly to the stomach or intestines through the abdomen
Long term Enteral Nutrition
125
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