Materials & Resources Flashcards
What is chain of custody?
a number issued by the Forest Stewardship Council (FSC), assigned to each order of certified wood purchased by a consumer
What is cradle to cradle certified (C2C)?
a product certification program for assessing and constantly improving products by requiring product ingredients to be disclosed to and independent, accredited C2C assessor. C2C rewards achievement in five categories: material health, material reutilization, renewable energy and carbon management, water stewardship, and social fairness. There are five C2C levels: basic, bronze, silver, gold, and platinum
What is cradle to gate?
a term describing the system boundaries of an environmental life-cycle assessment (LCA) that covers all activities from the beginning of its production (ie the extraction of raw materials, agricultural activities, and forestry)
What is EPDs?
Environmental product declaration: A standardized, internationally recognized, comprehensive tool for providing information on a products environmental impact, based on an ISO-compliant life-cycle assessment (LCA) and can be verified by a third party. This includes a detailed analysis that considers all processes in the life cycle of the product, such as raw material extraction and refining, energy use and efficiency during manufacture, transportation methods and end-of-service-life recycling
What is GreenScreen?
a hazard assessment method that evaluates individual chemicals. Chemicals are assigned to one of four main categories. Benchmark 1 is for chemical substances known to be associated with certain health problems and are of the highest concern, while benchmark 4 is for chemicals with the lowest level of concern
What is a HPD?
Health product declaration: an open standard for reporting product ingredients and their associated hazards. An HPD is several pages long, with a one-page summary listing company information, metadata about the report, and ingredient, and continuing on subsequent pages with more detail about individual ingredients and their associated health hazards, plus details on any certifications and associated materials
What are rapidly renewable materials?
fiber or animal-based material that can be grown, harvested, and manufactured in under ten years or less
What is regional material? Distance?
material that is extracted, manufactured, and purchased within 100 miles of a project site
What is REACH?
Registration, evaluation, authorization of restriction of chemicals: European Union (EU) legislation that requires all chemicals sold in quantity in EU countries to be registered in a central database and prioritized for evaluation and possible avoidance based on their hazard profile. REACH is an alternative compliance path for international projects.
What is source reduction?
the process of designing products, activities, and systems to reduce waste and toxicity to the environment and human health for long-lasting effects
What are the materials and resources overarching themes?
material conservation, life-cycle approach, environmentally preferable materials, and waste management
What are the the materials and resources strategy types?
Material conservation strategies
Environmentally preferable materials strategies
Waste management strategies
What are the product attributes and disclosures?
LCAs (life-cycle assessments)
PCRs (product category rule)
EPDs (environmental product declarations)
HPDs (health product declarations)
What is PCRs?
Product category rule: set of specific rules, requirements, and guidelines, based on ISO specifications for developing environmental declarations for one or more product categories
What are the material conservation strategies
Resume buildings and materials: historic building reuse, renovation of abandoned or blighted building, building and material reuse
Perform whole-building LCAs: must show at least a 10% reduction from building reference
