Materials of Roman Architecture Flashcards
What is Tufa made of?
Volcanic mud, ash and Pumice
Where was Travertine found?
20km East of Rome
How was the stone from Gabii used?
In the forum of Augustus and in the reconstruction of Rome after the great fire in 64AD.
What did Travertine look like?
Creamy and lightly pitted surface
What happened when Travertine was exposed to air?
It hardened
How many tonnes of Travertine was used in the construction of the Colosseum (approx.)?
200.000 tonnes
Where was white marble quarried?
Carrara
Where was white marble used?
forum of Augustus and Macellum (in Pompeii)
Which 3 countries did coloured marble come from?
Turkey, Greece and Africa
Which marble came from near the Red Sea?
Porphyry
Which colour marbles may have been used in Rome?
Yellow, Greens, Greys and shades of Red
What 3 types of walls were used throughout time in Rome?
Opus incertum, Opus recitculatum and opus testaceum
What did aggregate consist of?
Rubble
What was the roof of the Pantheon reconstructed of?
Foundation ring- heavy stones
dome- pumice
What did mortar consist of?
Lime, Sand and water
How was mortar made?
Lime. sand and water mixed then evaporated the moisture.
In which city was mortar made of lime sand and water used in 273BC?
Cosa
What replaced sand in the mortar to be used in harbour works and why?
Pozzolna (volcanic dust) and because the water did not need to be evaporated to make it cohesive.
What is an example of a city in which harbour were made using mortar containing pozzolna?
Ostia
Descrive how the was the Porticus Aemilia made and what was it used for?
Consisted of a series of barrel vaults set side by side and stepped up from front to back and provided large space to transfer and store goods.
