Materials Classification Flashcards
What types of timber are there?
- Hardwood
- Softwoods
- Manufactured (man-made) Boards
What are softwoods and what are examples of them?
Evergreen (coniferous), grow quickly
* spruce
* pine
* douglas fir
* redwood
* cedar
* larch
What are hardwoods and what are examples of them?
Deciduous, slow growing.
* Beech
* Mahogany
* Maple
* Oak
* Acacia
* Palm
* Ash
* Birch
What are manufactured boards and what are examples of them?
Man-made boards
* Plywood
* MDF
* Chipboard
* Hardboard
What types of polymers are there?
- Thermoplastics (also known as thermoforming)
- Thermosetting plastics
- Natural Plastics
What are thermoplastics and what are examples of them?
Thermoplastics can be heated and change shape over and over again.
* Acrylic
* PVC
* Polyester
* Polystyrene
* LDPE
* HDPE
* Polypropylene
What are thermosetting plastics and what are examples of them?
Thermoplastics can be heated once but can’t then change shape.
* Polyester resin
* Epoxy resin
* Melamine Formaldehyde (MF)
* Phenol Formaldehyde (PF)
* Urea Formaldehyde (UF)
What types of Metals are there?
- Ferrous
- Non-Ferrous
and - Pure Metals
- Alloys
What are ferrous metals and what are examples of them?
Ferrous metals:
* Contain Iron
* Will rust
* Magnetic
Examples include:
* Iron
What are non-ferrous metals and what are examples of them?
Non-Ferrous metals:
* Don’t Contain Iron
* Won’t rust
* Aren’t magnetic
Examples include:
* Copper
* Zinc
* Aluminium
* Gold
* Platinum
* Silver
What are alloys and what are examples of both types?
Alloys metals:
* Consist of 2 or more metals
Alloys can be ferrous (steels) or non-ferrous
Ferrous alloys:
* Mild Steel
* Tool Steel
* Cast iron
* Stainless steel
Non-ferrous alloys:
* Brass
* Pewter
* Duralumin
* LM4
What types of textiles are there?
- natural
- synthetic
What are natural fibres and what are examples of them?
Natural fibres are the fibres that are obtained from plants, animals or mineral sources. Natural fibres can again be divided into two types based on their source i.e. plants and animals.
Animal Fibres: These are the fibres that are obtained from animals.
* Wool
* Silk
Plant Fibres: These are the ones that are obtained from plants. These fibres are extracted from the plants to make fabrics.
* Cotton
* Jute
What are synthetic fibres and what are examples of them?
Synthetic fibres are man-made polymers designed to make a fabric. Polymers are obtained when many small units are joined together chemically.
Examples:
* Rayon
* Nylon
Advantages:
They can be washed and dried quickly.
They are easy to maintain.
They are cheaper than natural fibres.
Easily available.
Do not wrinkle easily and are very durable.
What are renewable and non-reneweable materials and what are examples?
renewable - non-finite
* wood
non-reneweable - finite
* metal
* plastic
