Materials and Process Flashcards
Liquid penetrant inspection methods may be used on which of the following?
1. porous plastics.
2. ferrous metals.
3. nonferrous metals.
4. smooth primeer-sealed wood.
5. nonporous plastics.
2,3,5
Which of the following defects are not acceptable for metal lines?
1. Cracked flare
2. Seams
3. Dents in the heel of a bend less than 20% of the diameter
4. Scratches/nicks on the inside of a bend less than 10% of wall thickness
5. Dents in straight section that are 20% of tube diameter
1,2,3, and 5
How many of these factors are considered essential knowledge for x-ray exposure?
1. Processing of the film.
2. Material thickness and density.
3. Exposure distance and angle.
4. Film characteristics.
3
The testing medium that is generally used in magnetic particle inspection utilizes a ferromagnetic
material that has
High permeability low retentivity
Which statement relating to the residual magnetizing inspection method is true?
It maybe used with steels which have been heat treated for stressed application
A mechanic has completed a bonded honeycomb repair using the potted compound repair technique.
What nondestructive testing method is used to determine the soundness of the repair after the repair
has cured?
Metallic ring test
What two types of indicating mediums are available for magnetic particle inspection?
Wet and dry process materials
Which of the following materials may be inspected using the magnetic particle inspection method?
1. Magnesium alloys.
2. Aluminum alloys.
3. Iron alloys.
4. Copper alloys.
5. Zinc alloys.
3
One way a part may be demagnetized after magnetic particle inspection is by
Slowly moving out of an ac magnetic field of sufficient strength
Which type crack can be detected by magnetic particle inspection using either circular or longitudinal
magnetization?
45 degrees
Which of the following methods may be suitable to use to detect cracks open to the surface in
aluminum forgings and castings?
1. Dye penetrant inspection.
2. Magnetic particle inspection.
3. Metallic ring (coin tap) inspection.
4. Eddy current inspection.
5. Ultrasonic inspection.
6. Visual inspection.
1,4,5,6
To detect a minute crack using dye penetrant inspection usually requires
A longer than normal penetrating time
Which of the following is a main determinant of the dwell time to use when conducting a dye or
fluorescent penetrant inspection?
The size and shape of the discontinuities being look for
When checking an item with the magnetic particle inspection method, circular and longitudinal
magnetization should be used to
Reveal all possible defects
In magnetic particle inspection, a flaw that is perpendicular to the magnetic field flux lines generally
causes
A large disruption in the magnetic field
If dye penetrant inspection indications are not sharp and clear, the most probable cause is that the part
Was not thoroughly washed before the developer was applied
(1) An aircraft part may be demagnetized by subjecting it to a magnetizing force from alternating current
that is gradually reduced in strength.
(2) An aircraft part may be demagnetized by subjecting it to a magnetizing force from direct current that
is alternately reversed in direction and gradually reduced in strength.
Regarding the above statements,
Both no. 1 and 2 are true
The pattern for an inclusion is a magnetic particle buildup forming
Parallel lines
A part which is being prepared for dye penetrant inspection should be cleaned with
Water base solvents only
Under magnetic particle inspection, a part will be identified as having a fatigue crack under which
condition?
The discontinuity is found in a nonstressed area of the part
In performing a dye penetrant inspection, the developer
Acts as a blotter to produce a visible indication
What defects will be detected by magnetizing a part using continuous longitudinal magnetization with a
cable?
Defects perpendicular to the long axis of the part
Circular magnetization of a part can be used to detect which defects?
Defects parallel to the long axis of the part
Defects perpendicular to the long axis of the part
Both no. 1 and 2 are true
What type of corrosion may attack the grain boundaries of aluminum alloys when the heat treatment
process has been improperly accomplished?
Intergranular
Which of the following describe the effects of annealing steel and aluminum alloys?
1. decrease in internal stress.
2. softening of the metal.
3. improved corrosion resistance.
1 , 2
Which heat-treating process of metal produces a hard, wear-resistant surface over a strong, tough core?
Case hardening
Which heat-treating operation would be performed when the surface of the metal is changed chemically
by introducing a high carbide or nitride content?
Case hardening
Normalizing is a process of heat treating
Iron base metals only
Which of the following occurs when a mechanical force is repeatedly applied to most metals at room
temperature, such as rolling, hammering, or bending?
1. The metals become artifically aged.
2. The metals become stress corrosion cracked.
3. The metals become cold worked, strain or work hardened.
3
The reheating of a heat treated metal, such as with a welding torch
Can significally alter a metals properties in the reheated area
Why is steel tempered after being hardened?
To relieve its internal stresses and reduce its brittleness
What aluminum alloy designations indicate that the metal has received no hardening or tempering
treatment?
3003-F
Which material cannot be heat treated repeatedly without harmful effects?
Clad aluminum alloys
What is descriptive of the annealing process of steel during and after it has been annealed?
Slow cooling; low strength
Unless otherwise specified, torque values for tightening aircraft nuts and bolts relate to
Clean dry threads
What is generally used in the construction of aircraft engine firewalls?
Stainless steel
Unless otherwise specified or required, aircraft bolts should be installed so that the bolthead is
Upward or in forward direction
Alclad is a metal consisting of
Pure aluminum surface layers on an aluminum alloy core
A fiber-type, self-locking nut must never be used on an aircraft if the bolt is
Subject to rotation
(Refer to Figure 42.) Which of the bolthead code markings shown identifies an AN corrosion resistant
steel bolt?
3
Aircraft bolts with a cross or asterisk marked on the bolthead are
Standard steel bolts
Which statement regarding aircraft bolts is correct?
In general, bolt grip lengths should equal the material thickness
Generally speaking, bolt grip lengths should be
Equal to the thickness of the material which is fastened together
When the specific torque value for nuts is not given, where can the recommended torque value be
found?
AC 43.13-1B
(Refer to Figure 43.) Identify the clevis bolt illustrated.
3
A particular component is attached to the aircraft structure by the use of an aircraft bolt and a castle
tension nut combination. If the cotter pin hole does not align within the recommended torque range,
the acceptable practice is to
Change washers and try again
A bolt with a single raised dash on the head is classified as an
AN corrosion resistant bold
How is a clevis bolt used with a fork-end cable terminal secured?
With a shear nut tightened to a snug fit, but with no strain imposed on the fork and saftied with a
cotter pin
Where is an AN clevis bolt used in an airplane?
Only for shear load application
A bolt with an X inside a triangle on the head is classified as an
NAS close tolerance bolt
The core material of Alclad 2024-T4 is
Heat treated aluminum alloy, and the surface material is commercially pure
The aluminum code number 1100 identifies what type of aluminum?
99% commercially pure aluminum
Aircraft bolts are usually manufactured with a
Class 3 fit for the threads
In the four-digit aluminum index system number 2024, the first digit indicates
The major alloying element
How is the locking feature of the fiber-type locknut obtained?
By the use of unthreaded fiber locking insert
Why should an aircraft maintenance technician be familiar with weld nomenclature?
. In order to gain familiarity with the welding technique, filler material, and temperature range used
(Refer to Figure 44.) Identify the weld caused by an excessive amount of acetylene
3
(Refer to Figure 44.) Select the illustration which depicts a cold weld.
2
Why is it considered good practice to normalize a part after welding?
To relieve internal stresses developed within the base metal
Holes and a few projecting globules are found in a weld. What action should be taken?
Remove old weld and reweld the joint
Which condition indicates a part has cooled too quickly after being welded?
Cracking adjacent to the weld
Select a characteristic of a good gas weld.
The weld should taper off smoothly into the base metal
One characteristic of a good weld is that no oxide should be formed on the base metal at a distance
from the weld of more than
½ inch
In examining and evaluating a welded joint, a mechanic should be familiar with
Likely ambient exposure condition and intended use of the part, along with type of weld and
original part material composition
(Refer to Figure 45.) What type weld is shown at A?
Butt
(Refer to Figure 45.) What type weld is shown at B?
Double butt
(Refer to Figure 45.) What type weld is shown at G?
Lap
On a fillet weld, the penetration requirement includes what percentage(s) of the base metal thickness?
25 to 50 percent
Which tool can be used to measure the alignment of a rotor shaft or the plane of rotation of a disk?
Dial indicator
(Refer to Figure 46.) The measurement reading on the illustrated micrometer is
ans. 0.2851
Identify the correct statement
Dividers do not provide reading when used as a measuring device
(Refer to Figure 47.) What is the measurement reading on the vernier caliper scale?
1.436 inches
Which tool is used to measure the clearance between a surface plate and a relatively narrow surface
being checked for flatness?
Thickness gauge
Which number represents the vernier scale graduation of a micrometer?
.0001
Which tool is used to find the center of a shaft or other cylindrical work?
Combination set
(Refer to Figure 48.) What does the micrometer read?
.3004
If it is necessary to accurately measure the diameter of a hole approximately 1/4 inch in diameter, the
mechanic should use a
Small hole gauge and determine the size of the hole by taking a micrometer reading of the ball end
of the gauge
(Refer to Figure 49.) The measurement reading on the micrometer is
.2782
What tool is generally used to set a divider to an exact dimension?
Machinist scale
What tool is generally used to calibrate a micrometer or check its accuracy?
Gauge block
What precision measuring tool is used for measuring crankpin and main bearing journals for out-of- round wear?
Micrometer caliper
The side clearances of piston rings are measured with a
Thickness gauge
How can the dimensional inspection of a bearing in a rocker arm be accomplished?
Telescopic gauge and micrometer
The twist of a connecting rod is checked by installing push-fit arbors in both ends, supported by parallel
steel bars on a surface plate. Measurements are taken between the arbor and the parallel bar with a
Thickness gauge
The clearance between the piston rings and the ring lands is measured with a
Thickness gauge
What may be used to check the stem on a poppet-type valve for stretch?
Micrometer
Which tool can be used to determine piston pin out-of-round wear?
Micrometer caliper
Magnetic particle inspection is used primarily to detect
Flaws on or near the surface
Which of these nondestructive testing methods is suitable for the inspection of most metals, plastics,
and ceramics for surface and subsurface defects?
Ultrasonic inspection
What nondestructive testing method requires little or no part preparation, is used to detect surface or
near-surface defects in most metals, and may also be used to separate metals or alloys and their heat- treat conditions?
Eddy current inspection
What method of magnetic particle inspection is used most often to inspect aircraft parts for invisible
cracks and other defects?
Continuous
The Society of Automotive Engineers (SAE) and the American Iron and Steel Institute use a numerical
index system to identify the composition of various steels. In the number ‘4130’ designating chromium
molybdenum steel, the first digit indicates the
Basic alloying element
