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kaya pa ba > Materials and Construction > Flashcards

Materials and Construction Flashcards

1
Q

The behaviour of visco-elastic material is time dependent. This behaviour is common in __________ materials.

A

non-crystalline organic polymeric.

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2
Q

Coke oven regenerators are made of __________ bricks.

A

fire clay

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3
Q

which is an iron-nickel alloy containing 36% nickel and has very low co-efficient of expansion (l/20th of ordinary metals) ?

A

Invar

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4
Q

Shock resisting steels should possess high

A

toughness

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5
Q

The purpose of nitriding the steel is to

A

harden its surface.

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6
Q

Ceramic recuperators are generally made of

A

silicon carbide.

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7
Q

Hammers and railway rails are normally made of

A

high carbon steel

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8
Q

Softness of silver can be converted into hardness by alloying it with small quantity of

A

copper & nickel

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9
Q

The addition of antimony in tin-based alloys improves its

A

deformation resistance.

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10
Q

Which of the following materials has the maximum malleability ?

A

Lead

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11
Q

The main purpose of galvanising iron sheets is to

A

prevent the action of water.

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12
Q

The impure iron (pig iron) that is tapped out from blast furnace contains about __________ percent carbon.

A

4

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13
Q

Invar used in thermocouples is an alloy of nickel and

A

iron

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14
Q

Nickel (56%) and molybdenum (17%) alloys are called

A

hastealloy C

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15
Q

Lead pipes are not safe for carrying drinking water because water containing dissolved oxygen attacks lead thereby forming poisonous Pb (OH)2. Lead pipes are readily corroded by

A

acetic acid

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16
Q

Constituents of stellite are

A

cobalt, chromium and tungsten.

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17
Q

Residual magnetism in steel for magnets is increased by the addition of

A

cobalt

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18
Q

Presence of nickel in steel improves its

A

corrosion resistance.

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19
Q

Acetylene gas holder is made of

A

steel

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20
Q

Sulphur melting pit in the sulphuric acid plant is made of

A

steel or cement-brick lined.

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21
Q

The hardest material just prior to diamond in Mho’s scale is

A

corrundum

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22
Q

Percentage elongation of a material is a measure of its

A

ductility

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23
Q

Chlorination of benzene is done to produce benzene hexachloride (a pesticide) in a photochemical reactor lined with

A

lead or glass

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24
Q

Heavy duty bearings are usually made of

A

white metal

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25
Q

Which of the following stainless steels is non-magnetic ?

A

Austenitic

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25
Q

Dielectric strength of a material is

A

its capacity to withstand high voltage.

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26
Q

18-4-1 high speed steel contains 18%, 4% and 1% respectively of

A

tungsten, chromium and vanadium

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27
Q

Aluminium as a material of construction suffers from the disadvantage of

A

rather low tensile strength.

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28
Q

Babbit metal used for bearings is a____base alloy.

A

tin

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29
Q

Cast iron has very high

A

compressive strength

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30
Q

Liquid ammonia is shipped in __________ containers.

A

glass

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31
Q

Cermets are __________ materials.

A

refractory

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32
Q

Austenitic manganese steel used for making jaws of crushing machines contains about __________ percent manganese.

A

12-14

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33
Q

White cast iron is not

A

malleable

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34
Q

German silver used for decorative purposes contains maximum percentage of

A

copper

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35
Q

The metals occuring at the lower most position in the electromotive series

A

resist corrosion very strongly.

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36
Q

German silver in an alloy of

A

copper, nickel and zinc.

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37
Q

A suitable material of construction to use with fuming sulphuric acid is

A

monel

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38
Q

Which of the following crystal structures characterises the austenitic stainless steel?

A

Face centred cubic

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39
Q

Addition of __________ in steel can help in increasing the depth of hardness.

A

tungsten

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40
Q

Which of the following has the highest compressive strength ?

A

High carbon steel

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41
Q

Zinc is not used

A

as an alloying element in various bronzes.

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42
Q

Refined acetic acid storage vessel are made of

A

aluminium

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43
Q

Addition of __________ to the steel helps in increasing the residual magnetism in steel used for making magnets.

A

cobalt

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44
Q

Constantan is an alloy of

A

Cu (55%) & Ni (45%).

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45
Q

Pipes for bi-cycle frames are made of __________ steel.

A

cold rolled

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46
Q

Steel tower used for the storage of oleum

A

need not be lined.

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47
Q

Hydration tower of acetaldehyde is made of

A

rubber lined mild steel

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48
Q

Brass is an alloy of

A

copper and zinc

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49
Q

Photographic plates are coated with

A

silver halide

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50
Q

Cast iron has

A

elastic limit close to ultimate breaking strength.

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51
Q

Locomotive boiler tubes are made of __________ alloys.

A

arsenic copper

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52
Q

Slow and progressive deformation of a material with time under constant stress is called

A

creep

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53
Q

Which of the following heat treatment processes is used for softening the hardened material ?

A

Tempering

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54
Q

Which of the following mechanical properties of a material is most structure insensitive ?

A

Modulus of elasticity (young’s modulus).

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55
Q

Mercury is transported in metal containers made of

A

iron

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56
Q

Which of the following would not be a suitable material of construction for handling aqueous hydrofluoric acid (HF) at 100°C ?

A

Stainless steel

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57
Q

Which of the following has the least carbon percentage ?

A

Wrought iron

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58
Q

SO3 is absorbed using H2SO4 in a

A

packed steel tower lined with acid proof bricks.

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59
Q

The preferred material of construction for storage tanks for 98% sulphuric acid is

A

lead

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60
Q

The fermentor used for the production of ethyl alcohol from molasses is made of

A

copper bearing steel

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61
Q

Super conductors are those substances, which

A

offer no resistance to current flow.

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62
Q

The formation of oxide film on a metal due to atmospheric exposure reduces its

A

creep limit

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63
Q

A hardened steel essentially contains

A

martensite

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64
Q

Thermal shield used in high powered nuclear reactor to protect the walls of the reactor from radiation damage is made of

A

steel

65
Q

All materials obey Hooke’s law within elastic limit. When elastic limit is reached, the tensile strain

A

increases very quickly.

66
Q

Silico-manganese steels (containing 0.7% Mn, 0.5% C and 2% Si)

A

are used for leaf and coiled springs.

67
Q

Pure nickel is

A

ferromagnetic at room temperature.

68
Q

In drop forging process, the forging is done by dropping the __________ at high velocity.

A

die with hammer

69
Q

__________ is never shipped in glass carboys.

A

Ammonia

70
Q

Nitriding of steel is done (in electric furnace) at __________ °C.

A

510

71
Q

Addition of 2% nickel in steel makes it suitable for making

A

boiler plates, rivets etc.

72
Q

The softest material just next to talc in the Mhos scale is

A

gypsum

73
Q

Fatigue strength of a material increases by

A

under stressing the specimen

74
Q

Specify the material of construction suitable for handling concentrated HNO3 at 100°C.

A

High silicon iron, Kel-F and teflon

75
Q

Silicone rubber is not resistant to the corrosive action of

A

both sulphuric acid (10%) and sulphuric acid (95%)

76
Q

Which metal is protected by the layer of its own oxide ?

A

Aluminium

77
Q

Failure of a material is termed as fatigue failure, if it fails below the yield point. The resistance to fatigue failure of a material is measured by the

A

endurance limit

78
Q

Bog iron used for the adsorption of H2S from coke oven gas is

A

an intimate mixture of saw dust and iron dust (i.e. moist ferric hydroxide).

79
Q

Wrought iron is a suitable material of construction for handling __________ solutions.

A

alkalis & alkaline

80
Q

Steel rods are used in reinforced concrete to increase its __________ strength.

A

tensile

81
Q

Corrosion involves exchange of electrons in __________ corrosion.

A

chemical & electrochemical

82
Q

Which of the following has the least value of ultimate tensile strength (UTS) ?

A

Cast iron

83
Q

__________ does not contain tin as an alloying material.

A

Brass

84
Q

A metallic alloy in general as compared to their pure metal components is

A

more corrosion resistant.

85
Q

The increase in hardness of metal due to its cold working is termed as the __________ hardening.

A

work

86
Q

Copper is dissolved from its ore by H2SO4 in a percolation tank made of

A

reinforced concrete lined with lead

87
Q

Bearings subjected to light load are made of

A

phosphorous bronze

88
Q

Ceramic materials fabrication can not be done by

A

welding

89
Q

Which has the maximum melting point out of the following ?

A

Wrought iron

90
Q

Which of the following has no effect on the carbide forming tendency in steels ?

A

Phosphorus

91
Q

Approximate value of the modulus of elasticity for steel is about __________ x l0^6 kg/cm2.

A

2

92
Q

Carbon is present in steel wholly in the

A

combined form.

93
Q

Carbon supply in pack carburising process is in the form of

A

charcoal

94
Q

In SO3 absorber (Contact Process), packing material used is of

A

chemical stoneware

95
Q

Presence of manganese in alloy steel improves its

A

abrasion resistance & toughness.

96
Q

Sulphuric acid is mixed with ground phosphate rock (to produce phosphoric acid) in a steel digestor lined with

A

lead or acid-proof bricks

97
Q

A material is called ‘ductile’, if it can be

A

drawn into wires.

98
Q

High carbon steel contains more than __________ percent carbon.

A

0.5

99
Q

The main constituent of carborundum is __________ carbide.

A

silicon

100
Q

For storing water and acid free benzol, use a __________ vessel.

A

steel

101
Q

The chlorinator used in the manufacture of DDT is made of

A

glass lined steel

102
Q

Reduction in the grain size reduces the __________ of the material.

A

creep resistance

103
Q

Age hardening is concerned with

A

duralumin

104
Q

Which of the following undergoes granular fracture ?

A

Steel

105
Q

Ball bearings are normally made of __________ steel.

A

chrome

106
Q

The electrical conductivity of a __________ decreases with rise in temperature.

A

metal/alloy

107
Q

electromotive series, starting with the most easily oxidized

A

lithium, potassium, calcium, sodium, magnesium, aluminum, zinc, chromium, iron, cobalt, nickel, lead, hydrogen, copper, mercury, silver, platinum, gold

108
Q

Carbon in steel

A

Increases:
- strength
- hardness
- mechanical resistance
- tensile strength

Decreases:
- malleability
- ductility
- toughness

109
Q

Chromium in steel

A

(12% wt)

Increases:
- stainless feature (bright oxide layer it forms)
- hardness (carbides)
- tensile strength

Decreases:
- ductility

110
Q

Nickel in steel

A

(5% wt)

Increases:
- hardness
- strength

111
Q

Manganese

A

Increases:
- strength
- malleability (react with sulfur)
- quenching depth
- hardness
- weldability

Decreases:
- ductility

112
Q

Sulfur in steel

A

(undesirable alloying element - makes it brittle)

Increases:
- free cutting properties

113
Q

Silicium in steel

A

(Oxygen and degassing agent during production)

Increases:
- fluidity
- magnetic properties
- heat resistance
- hardenability

Decreases:
- surface quality

114
Q

Molybdenum in steel

A

(to prevent brittleness)
(used in tool steels)

Increases:
- heat resistance
- effects of other elements (popular to be used with others)
- hardness

115
Q

Vanadium in steel

A

(prevent grain coarsening)
(used in tool steels)

Increases:
- strength
- hardness
- wear resistance

116
Q

Tungsten in steel

A

(popular in tool steels and high speed steels)

Increases:
- toughness
- hardness
- wear resistance
- cutting efficiency (in hot temp)

117
Q

Cobalt in steels

A

Increases:
- strength
- heat resistance

118
Q

Aluminum in steels

A

(as deoxidizer)

Increase:
- aging resistance

Decrease:
- growth of austenite grains

119
Q

Phosphorus in steel

A

(undesirable - makes it brittle)

Increases:
- hardenability

Decreases:
- ductility

120
Q

Copper in steel

A

(max 0.5% wt)

Increases:
- corrosion resistance
- hardness

Decreases:
- ductility

121
Q

Nitrogen in steel

A

(facilitates machining process)

Increases:
- strength
- hardness (by forming nitride)
- fragility

122
Q

Presence of even 0.005% of __________ in copper makes it highly brittle, rendering it useless for wire-drawing.

A

bismuth

123
Q

High speed cutting tool steels contain about __________ percent of tungsten.

A

18-20

124
Q

The ‘bomb’ in the bomb calorimeter is made of

A

molybdenum stainless steel

125
Q

Which of the following is produced by condensation polymerisation ?

A

Bakelite

126
Q

Hastelloy C is a good material of construction in chemical process industry, since it is

A

light and resists attack by acids.

127
Q

Mixing vessel used for the chlorination of methane to produce methyl chloride is made of

A

cast iron

128
Q

The loss of strength in compression which occurs, when there is a gain of strength in tension due to over loading is called

A

Bauschinger effect.

129
Q

Hastelloy C is a good material of construction in chemical process industry, since it is

A

light and resists attack by acids.

130
Q

Mild steel is used for making

A

channels

131
Q

The heat treatment process applied to cold formed steel parts is

A

solution annealing

132
Q

The largest consumption of zinc for alloys is in the making of

A

brasses

133
Q

Plate and frame filter press is usually made of

A

cast iron

134
Q

Ammonium chloride solution is stored/ treated in __________ vessels/pipes.

A

rubber or durmet-20 lined

135
Q

Most suitable material of construction for the storage of concentrated nitric acid is

A

aluminium or chromium alloys (Cr > 18% for cold acid)

136
Q

The most resistant material to alkaline corrosion is

A

nickel

137
Q

Tin coating is not done by

A

vaporising

138
Q

Stainless steel is not corroded by

A

nitric acid (10%).

139
Q

Nickel is a __________ material.

A

ferromagnetic

140
Q

The fermentor used in the production of pencillin (by deep fermentation process) is made of

A

glass lined steel

141
Q

Nickel (76%) and chromium (15%) alloys are termed as

A

inconel

142
Q

The carbonating tower used in Solvay process of soda ash manufacture is made of

A

cast iron

143
Q

For platinum thermocouples, lead wires are made of

A

copper & copper-nickel alloys.

144
Q

High resistance electrical heating elements/wire are not made of

A

marageing steel

145
Q

An ideal material of construction for the storage of 50% caustic soda solution would be

A

monel

146
Q

The process of heating the cold pressed metallic powder is called __________ in powder metallurgy.

A

sintering

147
Q

Sulphuric acid pickling tanks are lined with

A

rubber

148
Q

Valves in pipe size of 2” and under are normally made of

A

brass

149
Q

Which is an amorphous material ?

A

Glass

150
Q

In the Contact process of sulphuric acid manufacture, 98% acid cooler is made of

A

cast iron

151
Q

section 5

A

-

152
Q
A
153
Q
A
154
Q
A
155
Q
A
156
Q
A
157
Q
A
158
Q
A
159
Q
A

kaya pa ba (2 decks)

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