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Product Design GCSE > Materials and Components: Timber > Flashcards

Materials and Components: Timber Flashcards

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1
Q

What are the two types of wood?

A

HARDWOOD or SOFTWOOD

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2
Q

What are 3 features of Softwoods?

A
  1. Grow in colder climates
  2. Fast growing (makes them cheap)
  3. Evergreen and coniferous (e.g. cones, needles, pine)
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3
Q

What are 2 examples of Softwoods?

A
  1. Scots pine

2. Parana pine

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4
Q

What are 4 features of scots pine?

A
  1. Yellow with brown streaks
  2. Strong
  3. Cheap
  4. Knotty (black spots) which makes it harder to work with
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5
Q

What are 3 uses of scots pine?

A
  1. Telegraph poles
  2. Fences
  3. Cheap furniture
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6
Q

What are 4 features of parana pine?

A
  1. Pale yellow with red streaks
  2. Hard
  3. Not very knotty (compared to Scots pine)
  4. More expensive (than Scots pine)
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7
Q

What are 2 uses of parana pine?

A

High-quality joinery such as:

  1. Interior doors
  2. Stairs
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8
Q

What are 6 features of Hardwoods?

A
  1. Grow in warm climates
  2. Slow growing (makes them more expensive than softwoods)
  3. Broad, flat leaves
  4. Usually deciduous (sheds its leaves annually)
  5. Tends to have a tighter grain (than softwoods)
  6. Denser and harder than softwoods
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9
Q

What are 4 examples of hardwoods?

A

Mahogany, Teak Ash, Beech

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10
Q

What are 2 features of Mahogany?

A
  1. Red-brown colours

2. Expensive

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11
Q

What are two uses of Mahogany?

A

Good quality furniture, e.g. tables/benches

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12
Q

What are 4 features of Teak?

A
  1. Golden brown
  2. Hard
  3. Weather-resistant
  4. Expensive
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13
Q

What are 2 uses of Teak?

A
  1. Garden furniture

2. Window Frames

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14
Q

What are 4 features of Ash?

A
  1. Pale cream colour
  2. Tough
  3. Flexible
  4. Takes finishes well
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15
Q

What is one use of Ash?

A

Tool handles

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16
Q

What are 3 uses of Beech?

A
  1. Pinkish-brown
  2. Hard enough to resist being dented
  3. Can be bent using steam
17
Q

What are 2 uses of Beech?

A
  1. Chairs

2. Toys

18
Q

What are 5 forms of wood?

A
  1. Different sizes, e.g. planks and strips
  2. Planed Square Edge (PSE), wood has its rough surfaces shaved off with an electric planer.
  3. Rough sawn wood is not smoothed after it’s cut - so it’s cheaper and useful for construction work where it won’t be visible.
  4. Mouldings - hardwood strips that come in a range of cross-sections. They’re used for skirting board, door frames and picture frames.
  5. Veneers are thin cuts of wood that are glued onto other materials to give them a nice appearance.
19
Q

What are 4 ways of protecting wood?

A
  1. Apply woodstain to enhance the appearance of its grain.
  2. Oil maintains the wood’s natural appearance.
  3. Paint is often used to colour and protect wood.
  4. Polyurethane varnish can be used to seal and protect the surface of the wood, and give it a smooth surface finish.
20
Q

What are two types of paint that protect wood?

What are some features of these paints?

A
  1. Emulsion paints: cheap but they are water-based, so they don’t protect wood from water.
  2. Polyurethane paint is more expensive but it is waterproof and much tougher.
21
Q

What are the 4 basic stages in felling wood?

A
  1. The trees are felled (cut down) from a plantation/forest.
  2. If the tree is from a plantation/sustainably managed forest, other trees will be planted to replace it.
  3. The bark is removed and the trunk is sawn up.
  4. The wood is then seasoned by drying it - this makes the wood stronger and less likely to rot or twist.
22
Q

What are the 5 sorts of manufactured boards?

A
  1. Plywood
  2. Blockboard
  3. Chipboard
  4. MDF
  5. Hardboard
23
Q

What are 3 features of Plywood?

A
  1. Made up of layers of wood glued with their grain at 90 degrees to each other - making it strong compared to wood.
  2. It can be bent, which makes it useful for curved furniture.
  3. The outside board can be finished with a veneer.
24
Q

What are 2 uses of Plywood?

A

Building

General construction

25
Q

What are 4 features of Blockboard?

A
  1. Isn’t as strong as plywood but it’s a cheap substitute when you need thicker board.
  2. Strips of softwood (usually pine or spruce) between 7mm-25mm thick are glued together, side by side, and sandwiched between one or two layers of veneer on each side.
  3. The veneers add strength to make the board look nicer.
  4. The outer veneers are glued with their grain at right angles to the grain of the inner core - this makes the board stronger.

Product Design GCSE (9 decks)

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