Materials and components

Question 1

Name the 3 main types of Fibre

Answer 1

NATURAL LIKE ANIMAL - wool, silk mohair, hair OR PLANT - cotton, linen, jute
SYNTHETIC - man made products from oil, like elastic, polyester, nylon
REGENERATED - made from chemicals and waste e.g. Viscose, acetate tencel

Question 2

YARNS are made by spinning twisted fabrics together they can be spun 2 ways which are called letters of the alphabet what are they

Answer 2

S twist anticlockwize

z twist clockwize

Question 3

which way do WEFT and WARP yarns run

Answer 3

WEFT yarns run horizontally

WARP yarns run vertically

Question 4

Name 5 types of weave

Answer 4

Plain weave - simple interlocking weft and warp like cottons
TWILL - creates a diagonal pattern e.g. denim
SATIN - creates smooth and shiney
JACQARD - a complex woven fabric often controlled by computer - produces rich fabrics like wedding waistcoats
PILE WEAVE - creates a raised surface of upright loops

Question 5

What is a PILE fabric

Answer 5

woven or knitted that have cut fibre or loops standing upright from the surface, e.g. toweling, or courduroy or if the loops are packed tight together you get plush fabrics like velvet

Question 6

Name 4 natural fabrics

Answer 6

Cotton
wool
silk
linen

Question 7

Name 4 man made fabrics

Answer 7

Viscose
Rayon
Polyester
Nylon
Acrylic
Elastine
Lycra

Question 8

Fabric Properties

Some fabrics are very absorbent name 3

Answer 8

Wool
Silk
Viscose

Question 9

Name a fabric that you might want to use to make something that was exceptionally warm

Answer 9

WOOL

Question 10

name 2 products that can be used to make bullet proof vests because they are so strong

Answer 10

KEVIAR hard-waring 5 times stronger than steel

BIOSTEEL -strong fibre based material containing silk from spiders webs and casein from goats milk

Question 11

Fabrics can have different types of finishes

name the 3 main finishes

Answer 11

Physical - like brushing, laminating
BIOLOGICAL - uses enzymes to soften and age the fabric - like denim jeans
CHEMICAL - fabrics placed in chemicals e.g. for waterproofing or flameproofing

Question 12

What are Smart materials

Answer 12

smart materials can respond to external stimuli e.g. extreme temperatures
or be activated by power sources
e.g. electronics in fabric such as fabric keybaords, meical textiles