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Physics KCL > Materials > Flashcards

Materials Flashcards

1
Q

When would stoke’s law apply?

A

To small spherical objects in laminar flow and in a constant temperature

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2
Q

Why wouldn’t stoke’s law be best to use for larger spherical objects?

A

It may be less accurately calculated

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3
Q

What is upthrust equal to

A

the weight of fluid displaced

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4
Q

What is plastic deformation?

A

Where a material permanently deforms and won’t go back to its original shape once the force is removed

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5
Q

What is elastic deformation?

A

Where the material will go back to its original shape when force is removed

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6
Q

What is inelastic deformation?

A

where an object is stretched beyond its elastic limit

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7
Q

Out of the three states of matter, what 2 are fluids?

A

Gases and Liquids

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8
Q

How do you work out the circle circumference?

A

2PiR

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9
Q

How do you work out sphere surface area?

A

4pir2

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10
Q

How do you workout frequency?

A

1/time period

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11
Q

How are the atoms acting in the elastic region?

A

The atoms experience a slight force changing their shape, once released the electrostatic forces pull the atoms into equilibrium

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12
Q

How are the atoms acting when in plastic formation?

A

They move as layers that slide over each other with no restorative forces

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13
Q

What is strain?

A

The extension due to a material from its original length

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14
Q

What is the formula for strain?

A

Extension/Origninal length

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15
Q

What is the formula for stress?

A

Force/Cross-sectional area

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16
Q

How is tensile stress caused?

A

By stretching

17
Q

How is compression forced?

A

By squashing

18
Q

What are the units for Stress?

A

Pa or NM*2

19
Q

What is the difference between stress and pressure?

A

Pressure is external and stress is internal

20
Q

What’s the definition of strain?

A

The extension of the material from its original length. Caused by stress

21
Q

What is young modulus?

A

It is a constant of proportionality that shows the stiffness of a material

22
Q

Why doesn’t strain have units?

A

It’s a percentage/ratio

23
Q

What is the definition of strong?

A

A material with a high breaking stress

24
Q

What is the definition of hard?

A

A material which is hard to dent on the surface like Diamond.

25
Q

What is the definition of ductile?

A

Can be readily drawn into wires

26
Q

What is the definition of malleable?

A

Can be hammered into sheets of metal

27
Q

State Archimedes principle

A

When a body is partly or fully immersed in water it experiences an upthrust equal to weight of fluid displaced

28
Q

What is the formula linking force weight and upthrust?

A

F= W-U

29
Q

A spherical bubble of 0.2 mm under water has a volume of 3.35x10-8
The density of air is= 1.2kgm-3
The density of water= 1.0x10-3kgm-3

Calculate the weight of the bubble

Calculate the upthrust of the air bubble

A 
Weight= MxGfs
Mass= 1.2 x 3.35x10-8 = 4.02x10-8
Weightb = 4.02x10-8 x 9.81= 3.9x10-7

Upthrust = weight of displaced fluid
Mass b in water= (1.0x10-3) x (3.35x10-8) = 3.35x10-5
Weight= 3.35x10-5 x 9.81 = 3.3x10-4

Upthrust = (3.3x10-4) - (3.9x10-7) = 3.3x10-4 N

30
Q

What is an equation for upthrust?

A 
Upthrust = density x volume x Gfs
U = pVg
31
Q

What is laminar flow?

A

When a fluid flows in parallel layers with no disruption

32
Q

What is turbulent flow?

A

When a fluid moves chaotically with changes in pressure and direction and fluid velocity

33
Q

What does the limit of proportionality mean?

A

The point beyond where Hooke’s law no longer is true

34
Q

What does elastic limit mean?

A

The maximum extent a solid may be stretched without permanent alteration

35
Q

What does yield point mean?

A

The stress beyond which a material becomes plastic

36
Q

What is viscosity?

A

The resistance of a fluid flowing

Physics KCL (6 decks)

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