Materials Flashcards
Trademark for a brand of light, transparent, weather-resistant acrylic resin
Plexiglass
A tough, transparent, thermoplastic char. By its high-impact strength & used for lighting fixtures, safety glazing & hardware
Polycarbonate
A method of producing plastic film or sheeting by passing the material between a series of revolving heated rollers
Calendaring
Trademark brand for tough polycarbonate
Lexan
Trademark brand of strong, wrinkle- resistant polyester fiber
Dacron
A hard surfacing material consisting of superposed layers of paper impregnated w melamine & phenolic resins, fused together under heat and pressure
Plastic laminate
Trademark brand for plastic laminate
Formica
Plastic capable of softening or fusing when heated
Thermoplastic
Plastic laminate molded and cured; used for countertops and cabinetry
High pressure laminate HPL
A plastic that becomes permanently rigid once heated and cooled
Thermosetting
Plastic laminate used for vertical
And low wear applications like cabinet surfaces
Low pressure laminate
Also known as Melamine
Any of numerous synthetic or natural organic materials that are mostly thermoplastic or thermosetting polymers of high molecular weight that can be moulded, extruded or drawn into objects, films or filaments
Plastic
Trademark brand for transparent acrylic resin
Lucite
Emphasizes and enhances the charm of natural wood color and grain.
Transparent finishes
A finish that soaks into the wood pores
Penetrating finishes
A finish that seals wood pores for protection against water and other destructive elements.
Surface coating (varnish)
A finish that is made of resins dissolved in ethyl alcohol; high gloss
Clear lacquer
Finish that is made from various gums and resins dissolved in an oil (oil varnish) + alcohol (spirit varnish)
Varnish
2 types:
Spirit varnish - fast drying
Oil varnish - more expensive, takes longer
A spirit varnish made of dissolving purified lac flakes in denatured alcohol
Shellac
A finish made from boiled linseed oil and other oils
Oil stain finish
A transparent plastic finish made off polyhydric alcohol, is known for its superior resistance
Polyurethane finish
Only for wood
If you use it on concrete it will become yellowish
A finish made of processed fatty acids from animals and vegetables combines with alcohol. Has an “old” look, European wood furniture
Wax or film finishes
Can be combined w shellac or varnish
A finish made of dyes or pigments suspended in water or oil. It alters the color of the wood or accentuates its natural color without covering the grain
Wood stain finish
4 common types: Water stain Penetrating oil stain Pigmented oil stain Non-grain raising stains ( doesn't darken grain)
A finish made of various acids and chlorine compound used as bleaching agents
Bleach finish
Types:
Chlorinated laundry bleach
Oxallic acid
Two solution bleaches
Gives a solid finish for protection and decoration
Opaque (paints)
A natural varnish obtained from an Asian sumac, used to produce a highly polished, lustrous surface on wood
Japanning
A series of wood core strips glued together between outer layers of veneer or thin plywood
Plyboard
Composed of wood chips, often used as substrate
Particle board or chipboard
Made of wood or other plant fibers compressed with a binder into rigid sheets
Fiberboard
A brand of tempered hardboard
Masonite
A hardboard impregnated with a frying oil or other oxidizing resin
Tempered hard board
A brand of tempered hardboard having regularly spaced perforations, hooks may be inserted
Pegboard
A malleable, ductile, magnetic, silver white metallic element from which pig and steel are made.
Iron
Most abundant of all metals
To coat a metal w a hard, no corrosive film by electrolytic or chemical action
Anodize
A lustrous, hard, brittle metallic element used in alloy steels for hardness and corrosion resistance and also for electroplating
Chromium
- acquires a magnetic attribute at 13F
Iron coated w zinc to prevent rust
Galvanized iron
Rattan that has a diameter of more than 25mm
Palasan
Rattan that has a diameter between 15-25mm
Tumalim
A glossy flexible bright yellow type of rattan, w diameter less than 15mm
Sika
A rattan w light cream appearance, diameter less than 15mmn
Panlis
A woody grass that grows fast and is considered a sustainable material
Bamboo
The largest palm in the Philippines reaching up to 20m in height
Buri
Skins from large animals
Hides
Skins from smaller animals
Kips
Most common stone for furniture
Marble
A very porous stone, must be filled and polished
Travertine
The sort of fittings found on flat pack self assembly furniture products
Knock down fittings
Made of Nylon
Attached to the bottom of a cabinet or chair to avoid slipping
Glider tack
Local wood used for santo sculptures
Batikuling
Wood used for bentwood furniture in the Philippines
Guijo, Ipil and Mayapis
What is the hardest wood in the Philippines? Also known as “Bakal na kahoy ng pilipinas”.
Mangkono
Climbing Palm
Rattan
Composed mainly of iron w small additions of other metals
Ferrous metal
Tough& ductile; can be hammered & bent, contains least amount of carbon, an iron w traces of silicate
Wrought iron
Iron w small amounts of carbon, silicon and sulfur
Contains the most carbon, very brittle, hardest among metals (does not bend much)
Cast iron
Iron w up to .3% carbon
Mud steel
Steel w chromium and nickel
Stainless steel
Has high resistance to corrosion; used for making sheet steel& metal lathe
Copper- bearing steel
Contains little or no iron
Non ferrous metal
Lustrous, silver white, lightweight, malleable, good thermal & electrical conductor
Aluminum
Pure metal, reddish brown
Copper
Pure metal, soft, heavy, easy to cut & work
Lead
- can easily recovered from scrap metal
Pure metal, substitute for lead, used for galvanizing iron and steel
Zinc
Pure metal, low melting point, used in plating
Tin
Combination of 2 or more metals & other substances
Alloys
Copper & tin
Bronze
Aluminum w copper, strong
Duralumin
Used as alternative to stainless steel
Copper & zinc
Brass
Chemical change accompanying the passage of an electric current
Electro-chemical means of working with metals
A process that uses colored powder that is given an electric charge, the metal part is given a negative charge. The powder (positive charge) is sprayed onto the metal, the charge allows the powder to stick to the metal. It will not corrode
Powder coating
A manner of joining metal by drilling a hole into the pieces of metal. Then inserting & fastening nuts& bolts, rivets or screws
Mechanical means
A method to join metals through the use of molten alloys
Soldering ( if w tin alloy) and brazing ( if w brass alloy) @ 800 F
an extremely strong means of joining metal
Welding
An oblong mass of metal that has been poured while still molten into a mold
Pig
Molten iron from blast furnace, cast into pigs
Pig iron
Principle ore of aluminum
Bauxite
The process generally employed to refine aluminum from bauxite
Bayer process
A greenish film or encrustation produced by oxidation on the surface of old bronze or copper
Patina
What does VOC stand for?
Volatile organic compound
Usually made of latex
Paints w low/ no voc: Dunn Edwards, Nippon, Ace
Enamel paint is used on what surface?
Wood
Latex is for concrete (dries faster)
Type of manufactured wood board that is composed of wood chips; mixed w synthetic resin glue and pressed or extruded into rigid, self supporting sheets
Particle boards
Local: lanavit
Most durable amongst all gloss finishes, but scratches and dents can’t be repaired
Polyester
Layers of wood veneer, usually odd number glued together. Usually made of narra, tanguile, almasiga, lauan
Plywood
What is the most expensive type of marble?
Calacatta
Application of thug sheet of silver on metal
Vermeil
Gilding - gold
Ormolu - bronze
Poor man’s silver
Pewter
Polytetrafluoroethylene
Teflon
Most effective stain resistant finish available today
Trade name for Polyester
Mylar
