Materials Flashcards
What are ceramics?
Non-metal solids with high melting points that are not made from carbon based compounds
Types of ceramics
Clay
Soda Lime Glass
Borosilicate glass
Clay
Soft material that is moulded into different shapes, and once fired in high temperatures it becomes a hard ceramic
Soda Lime Glass
Made of a mixture of limestone, sand and sodium carbonate
Borosilicate Glass
Higher melting point than soda lime glass
Mixture of sand and boron trioxide
What are composites?
One material embedded in another
Fibres or fragments (reinforcements) are surrounded by a binder (matrix)
Example of Composites
Fibreglass
Carbon fiber
Concrete
Wood
What is bronze made out of?
Copper and tin
What is brass made out of?
Copper and zinc
Gold
24 Karat is pure gold
Metals like zinc, copper and silver are added to harden it
What is a natural resource?
Form without human contact
Two methods of extracting metals from the ground
Bioleaching
Phytomining
What is bioleaching
Bacteria convert compounds into soluble compounds, which separates the metal. This can be extracted
What is phytomining
Growing crops over land that contains the metal compound. the crops are harvested and burnt, with the compound remaining in the ash to be extracted by electrolysis or displacement reactions
What is the life cycle assessment
Looking at the stages of a products life and deciding the impacts it would have on the environment
Name the four stages of the Life Cycle Assessment
Getting raw materials
Manufacturing and Packaging
using the product
Product disposal
issues with life cycle assessments
Can be bias
Can only show some of the impacts of a product
