Material Properties 2 Flashcards
What is stress?
is the internal resistance (or counterforce) of a material to the distorting effects of an external force or load.
What is tension?
occurs when two forces pull on an object in opposite directions, so as to stretch it and make it longer and thinner
What is compression?
Compression pushes or presses an object so as to make it shorter and thicker
What is bending?
Bending stress produces both tensile and compressive stresses (one on each side)
What is torsion?
occurs when forces acting on a structure cause a twist about its longitudinal axis
What is shear?
Shear stress is where two forces are acting parallel to each other but in opposite directions so that one part of the object is moved or displaced relative to another part.
What is strain?
defines the deformation of an object.
Measured as the total deformation of an object
per reference length of material
What is strength?
The strength of a material is the ability to withstand stress without plastic deformation or failure.
What is stiffness?
Stiffness (k) is the resistance of an material to a change in length
Stiffness is assessed in the elastic region
What is extensibility?
Extensibility is the amount a material can deform before experiencing
permanent damage (entering the plastic region)
What is hardness?
is the ability of a material to resist plastic deformation (permanent change)
typically by indentation. This term may also refer to resistance to scratching, abrasion
or cutting.
What is toughness?
toughness is the ability of a material to absorb energy and plastically
deform without fracturing
