material properties Flashcards
absorbency
the ability to soak up moisture, light or heat, eg natural materials (such as cotton or paper)
tend to be more absorbent than man-made materials (such as acrylic or polystyrene)
*density
how solid a material is. This is measured by dividing mass (grams) by volume (cm3), eg lead is a
dense material
fusibility
the ability of a material to be heated and joined to another material when cooled, eg webbing is
fusible and can be ironed onto fabrics
electrical conductivity
- the ability to conduct electricity, eg copper is a good conductor of electricity
*thermal conductivity -
the ability to conduct heat, eg steel is a good heat conductor, whereas pine is not
Working properties:
Working properties are how a material behaves when it is
*strength
the ability of a material to withstand compression, tension and , eg in woven fabrics cotton isn’t
as strong as wool when pulled
hardness
the ability to withstand without damage, eg pine is easier to dent with an impact than oak;
therefore, oak is harder
*toughness
- materials that are hard to break or snap are tough and can absorb shock, eg Kevlar in
bulletproof vests is a very tough material
malleability -
being able to bend or shape easily would make a material easily malleable, eg sheet metal
such as steel or silver is malleable and can be hammered into shape
ductility
- materials that can be stretched are ductile, eg pulling copper into wire shows it is ductile
elasticity
the ability to be stretched and then return to its original shape, eg elastane in swimming
costumes is a highly elastic material
what are the 4 types of motion?
Linear:
Rotary:
Reciprocating:
Oscillating:
name 4 physical properties
absorbency
density
fusibility
thermal and electrical conductivity
name 4 working properties
hardness
toughness
malluability
ductilicity
strength
elasticity
