Material deprivation

Question 1

Class

Answer 1

Way of dividing up groups based on social status. (Working, middle and upper).

Question 2

Patterns of working class underachievement. W/c children are:

Answer 2

Less likely to go to nursery.
More likely to fall behind in numeracy and literacy.
More likely to be placed in lower sets.
More likely to have left school at 16.
Less likely to go onto further education.
Less likely to go to University (1/5).

Question 3

Material deprivation

Answer 3

Children do not have the money or resources that would give them an advantage in education.

Question 4

Can’t afford private education

Answer 4

Private schools are selective and fee paying, better facilities and smaller classes.

Question 5

Can’t afford at home resources.

Answer 5

ONS (2013) - found that in the poorest households:
29% = no computer
36% = no internet.
Was very visible during pandemic.

Question 6

Poor overcrowded housing.

Answer 6

Waldfogel & Washbrook:
W/c families live in damp, mouldy houses and are crowded. Children have less space to do their work at home and could cause illness and absence.

Question 7

Poor diet

Answer 7

Howard (2001):
Says not eating enough food, or unhealthy foods causes negative effects. Cannot concentrate or more likely to be ill and absent.

Question 8

Hidden costs of education

Answer 8

Tanner (2003):
School uniform, trips, sports equipment may be unaffordable Second hand merchandise can cause bullying.

Question 9

Cannot afford transport to good school.

Answer 9

Leech and Campos (2003):
M/c families can afford to send kids to good schools or move house.

Question 10

Weaknesses

Answer 10

lack of money does not always cause underachievement.
Does not take into account cultural problems, poor teaching and parenting (Phillips 1997).
Policies aimed to overcome this have little success.

Question 11

Strengths

Answer 11

Highly influential in developing education initiatives.