MAT / CHILD Flashcards
What is Hirschsprung’s disease?
A condition that affects the large intestine (colon) and causes problems with passing stool. Surgery is REQUIRED to live
The condition is present at birth (congenital) as a result of missing nerve cells in the muscles of the baby’s colon.
In children,
What other condition is an atrioventricular canal usually paired with?
Trisomy 21 / downs syndrome
They also often present with atrial or ventricular septal defect
What is Steatorrhea?
The excretion of abnormal quantities of fecal fat due to reduced fat absorption by the intestines
This produces pale, oily, malodorous stools and is a symptom of Celiac disease. This manifestation is also found in cystic fibrosis.
What happens when mothers have a different RH blood type than their fetus?
Rho(D) immune globulin is administered to Rh-negative mothers to prevent them from producing antibodies against any Rh-positive fetus
What is noctural ensuresis?
Voiding when unintended while asleep. Typically abormal from 5-10+ years old
What are normal vital signs for a newborn?
- a heart rate of 120-160 beats per minute
- a respiratory rate of 30-60 breaths per minute
- a temperature between 97.7-99.5°F (36.5-37.5°C).
What is subinvolution and its signs?
When the uterus fails to contract and return to its nonpregnant size and location.
* Involution describes the changes a woman’s reproductive organs go through following delivery.
* boggy uterus, prolonged lochial discharge, irregular or increased bleeding, pelvic pain or heaviness, lower back pain, generalized fatigue and malaise
What symptoms does Coarctation of the aorta cause?
Symptoms
* bounding upper pulses, faint lower pulses, and overall better perfusion to the upper extremities.
Coarctation of the aorta is a narrowing of the aorta near the ductus arteriosus. Because of this narrowing, there is increased blood flow to the upper extremities and decreased blood flow to the lower extremities
What are the symptoms with hypoplastic left heart syndrome?
The left side of the heart is underdevelopment.
* cyanosis
* murmur at birth
What symptoms are associated with transposition of the great arteries?
The pulmonary artery leaves the left ventricle, and the aorta leaves the right ventricle.
* infants are severely cyanotic at birth
* need surgery early in life
What are the criteria for severe pre-eclampsia?
If one or more of the following criteria are present:
- Blood pressure of ≥160 mm Hg systolic or ≥110 mm Hg diastolic or higher on two occasions at least 6 hr apart while the patient is on bed rest
- Oliguria of <500 mL in 24 hr
- Cerebral or visual disturbances
- Pulmonary edema or cyanosis
- Epigastric or right upper quadrant pain
- Impaired liver function as indicated by abnormally elevated blood concentrations of liver enzymes (to twice normal concentration), severe persistent right upper quadrant or epigastric pain unresponsive to medication and not accounted for by alternative diagnoses, or both
- Thrombocytopenia
- Renal insufficiency
Symptoms of hyperglycemia
Symptoms of hyperglycemia
* increased thirst (polydipsia)
* polyuria
* polyphagia
* weight loss, blurry vision, and slow wound healing
* orthostatic hypertension
QID: 12384 Q33
What is chorioamnionitis?
Manifestations?
An infection that may be bacterial, fungal, or viral typicallly caused by long labor & ruptured membranes.
* Uterine tenderness
* maternal fever
* leukocytosis
* fetal tachycardia
* bacteremia
* maternal tachycardia
What is a complication of jaundice?
Kernicterus, a condition characterized by the accumulation of bilirubin in the brain, causing neurological damage.
* long-term neurological impairments are possible such as cerebral palsy, hearing loss, and developmental delays
What is intussusception?
Manifestations?
A bowel obstruction in children caused by the bowel telescoping into another portion of the intestine
Manifests with …
* red, currant jelly stools, rectal bleeding
* a palpable, sausage-shaped mass in the right lower quadrant (RLQ)
