Mass transport Flashcards
What is Haemoglobin and what does it do
Groups of protein in different organisms with a quarternary structure
Haemoglobin transports O2
What is cooperative Binding
O2 binds to haemoglobin changing its shape making it easier for o2 to further bind
What is the bohr effect
High CO2 conc caused oxyhemoglobin curve to shift to the RIGHT and affinity for O2 decreases bc acidic CO2 changed shape of haemoglobin slightly
Bohr effect low partial pressure of CO2
Curve shifts to the LEFT increased affinity increase of O2 unloaded
Bohr effect Hight partial pressure of CO2
Curve shifts to the RIGHT decrease of affinity of O2 unloaded more O2
What is closed circulatory system
when the blood remains within the the blood vessels
what is double circulatory system
the blood passes through the heart twice one circuit delivers blood to the lungs the other delivers it to the rest of the body
Double circulatory system features
blood flows at lower pressure
prevents damage to capillaries and reduces speed blood flows at allowing more time for GAS EXCHANGE
Oxygenated blood (lungs) goes back to heart and is pumped out at a higher pressure than the body this ensures blood reaches all respiring cells in body
Name the key blood vessels
Heart
vena cava aorta pulmonary artery and pulmonary vein
lungs
pulmonary artery and vein
kidneys
renal artery and vein
Cardiac muscle features
walls have a thick muscular layer
it’s myogenic can contract and relax without nervous or hormonal stimulation
never fatigues (aslong as there’s a supply of O2
Coronary artery features
Supplies cardiac muscle with oxygenated blood
branches off from aorta
if they become blocked cardiac muscle doesn’t receive O2 therefore wont respire cells die (heart attack)
what are the 4 chambers
2 atria
L and R Atrium
2 Ventricles
L and R ventricle
Atria features
Thinner muscular walls
doesn’t have to contract as hard since not pumping blood far
elastic walls to stretch when blood enters
Ventricles features
thicker muscular walls to enable bigger contraction
This creates a higher BP to enable blood to flow long distances
Right ventricle features
Pumps blood to lungs
This need to be at a lower pressure to prevent damage to capillaries in lungs and so blood flows slowly (allows time for gas exchange)
thinner muscular walls compared to L side
