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PPL - Performance > Mass and Balance > Flashcards

Mass and Balance Flashcards

1
Q

An overloaded aircraft may result in what

A

STRUCTURAL DAMAGE

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2
Q

Increased mass affects performance;

  1. HIGHER or LOWER take-off speed required
  2. LONGER or SHORTER take-off run
  3. REDUCED or INCREASED rate of climb
  4. HIGHER or LOWER maximum altitude
  5. LONGER or SHORTER range
  6. INCREASED or REDUCED manoeuvrability
  7. HIGHER or LOWER approach and landing speeds
  8. LONGER or SHORTER landing roll
A
  1. Higher
  2. Longer
  3. Reduced
  4. Lower
  5. Shorter
  6. Reduced
  7. Higher
  8. Longer
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3
Q

What does the following definition stand for;

MTOM

A

MAXIUM TAKE-OFF MASS

Absolute total mass allowed for take off

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4
Q

What does the following definition stand for;

MLM

A

MAXIMUM LANDING MASS

Absolute total mass allowed for landing

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5
Q

What does the following definition stand for;

MZFM

A

MAXIMUM ZERO FUEL MASS

Absolute total mass allowed without useable fuel

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6
Q

What does the following definition stand for;

BEM

A

BASIC EMPTY MASS

Mass of airframe, engine, oil, fixed equipment, non useable fuel

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7
Q

What does the following definition stand for;

UF

A

USEABLE FUEL

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8
Q

What does the following definition stand for;

TL

A

TRAFFIC LOAD

Mass of passengers, baggage, cargo, and non revenue load

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9
Q

What does the following definition stand for;

DOM

A

DRY OPERATING MASS

Total mass ready for specific operation EXCL useable fuel & traffic load

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10
Q

What does the following definition stand for;

PAYLOAD

A

Spare mass available for passengers & luggage

After aircraft configured INCL pilot weight & fuel

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11
Q

The actual weight (mass) of the empty aircraft includes which 3 things

E E U

A
  1. Equipment
  2. Engine oil
  3. Unusable Fuel
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12
Q

Which CAP document includes Standard Passenger Masses for commercial flight use

A

CAP696

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13
Q

Mass includes which 6 things

A
  1. Actual Weight (empty) aircraft
  2. Pilot
  3. Crew
  4. Passengers
  5. Baggage
  6. Fuel

B V T F D U O Z

Big Vans Travel Fast Down Under in O Z
BEM
Variable Load
Traffic Load
Fuel Load
Dry Operating Mass
Usable Load
Operational Load
Zero Fuel Mass

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14
Q

What paperwork (report) defines the mass design limitations

A

AIRCRAFT WEIGHING REPORT

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15
Q

An aircraft weighing report includes which 2 liquids

A
  1. Engine Oil
  2. Unusable Fuel
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16
Q

An aircraft has to legally be re-weighed if equipment is installed or removed
TRUE or FALSE

A

TRUE

17
Q

The aircraft CoG must fall within pre-defined limits to ensure the aircraft remains “what” in flight

A

REMAINS CONTROLLABLE

18
Q

Rearwards CoG

An elevator becomes MORE or LESS sensitive

A

MORE

19
Q

Forward CoG

An elevator becomes MORE or LESS sensitive

A

LESS

20
Q

Rearwards CoG

MORE or LESS input required by the pilot

A

LESS

21
Q

Forward CoG

MORE or LESS input required by the pilot

A

MORE

22
Q
  1. Possiblity of over-controlling is with a ____ CoG
  2. Possibility of under-controlling is with a ____ CoG
A
  1. Rearward
  2. Forward
23
Q

What is the name of the fixed point from which the CoG is typically referenced

A

DATUM

24
Q

A loaded aircraft CoG must fall within a ____ and ____ limit

A
  1. FORWARD
  2. AFT
25
Q

Where are forward and aft limits defined

A

PILOT OPERATING HANDBOOK
(POH)

26
Q

The name given to the location of variable load at a specified “arm” length from the datum

A

STATION

27
Q

What is the equation for calculating the moment

A

Moment = Mass x Arm

Mom = MA

nother word for Mom is Ma

28
Q

Calculations need to be performed for the loaded aircraft for which 2 scenarios

A
  1. TAKE-OFF
  2. ZERO FUEL
29
Q

In the POH, reference to a “normal” category aircraft implies a restricted bank angle of ____ °

A

60°

30
Q

1kg = ?? lbs

A

2.2 lbs

31
Q

GENERAL LINK

Convert KG to LBS on CRP-1

LINK HERE

A
32
Q

Convert Litre < > Imperial Gallon

A

Litre / 4.546
Imperial Gallon x 4.546

33
Q

Convert Litre < > US Gallon

A

Litre / 3.785
US Gallon x 3.785

34
Q

Convert Imperial Gallon < > US Gallon

A

Imperial Gallon x 1.2
US gallon / 1.2

35
Q

Convert Litre of liquid to Kilogram

A

Litre x specific gravity

E.g: If AVGAS SG = 0.72

1500 Litres of AVGAS 100LL = 1500 x 0.72 = 1080Kg

36
Q

Convert Imperial Gallon to Pounds

A

(Imperial Gallon x10) x specific gravity

E.g: If AVGAS SG = 0.72

60 imperial gallons of AVGAS 100LL = (60 x 10) x 0.72
= 600 x 0.72
= 432 Lbs

37
Q

Convert US gallon to Kilograms

A

(US gallon x 3.785) x specific gravity

E.g: If AVGAS SG = 0.72

60 US gallons of AVGAS 100LL = (60 x 3.785) x 0.72
= 227.1 x 0.72
= 163.512 Kg

38
Q

What is the weight in Lbs of 8.9 imperial gallons of AVGAS with a SG of 0.72

A

64.08 Lbs

(8.9 x 10) x 0.72

39
Q

On a M&B sheet, once all weights are figured i.e. Aircraft BEM, Pilot, Fuel, luggage; and the moments for each weights are determined, how do you determine the total arm

A

Add all weights together
Add all moments together
Total moment / Total mass

MOM = MA

Transposed formula of MOM = MA
MOM / MASS = ARM

PPL - Performance (9 decks)

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