Masonry Flashcards
It is a cement mix used to glue masonry units to each other
Mortar
It is mortar applied to wall surfaces as a preparation or a hard finish coat
Plaster
a proportioned mixture of siliceous materials (sand, crushed stone) and cement (lime, Portland) which, after being prepared in a plastic state with water, hardens into a stonelike mass.
Mortars and Plasters
It is a proportioned mixture of cement, fine aggregate and water
Cement Mortar
For first-class mortars ____ should be added to not more than ____
1 part of cement ; 3 parts of sand
Replacing 10 or 15 percent of the cement by volume with __ gives greater workability and increases the strength of the mortar
hydrated lime
It is a mortar of cementitious material, sand and water which is applied in coats to masonry surfaces, lath or various types of plaster board to give a hard finish surface to interior or exterior walls and ceilings
Plaster
Plastering is done according to two basic methods:
two-coat and three-coat
It is a first binding coat
Scratch Coat
It is a second straightening coat
Brown-coat
It is a final coat
Finish coat
It is mixed on the job with sand and gypsum plaster
Lime putty
Plaster of Paris mixed with clay, lime and other materials in combinations covered by trademarks or patents
Gypsum plaster
Same as gypsum plaster but mixed to meet established standards
High-strength gypsum plaster
Gypsum plaster premixed with fibers
Fibered gypsum plaster
Gypsum plaster mixed with fine white sand
Prepared gypsum plaster
Gypsum plaster mixed with ingredients develop more adhesive strength in combinations covered by trademarks or patent
Bonding plaster
Fire-resistant, Gypsum plaster mixed on the job with water, perlite, vermiculite or other suitable mineral aggregate
Lightweight gypsum plaster
Plaster of Paris mixed with alum or borax or other materials and burned at 932°F
Keene’s cement
It is for ornamental plaster work and castings
Plaster of Paris
It is mixed with water as per manufacturer’s directions
Molding plaster
It is for acoustic treatment of interior walls and ceilings
Acoustics plaster
It is mixed with water, sand and lime putty
Portland Cement Plaster
It is highly decorative type of plaster work developed in Italy during the Renaissance
Sgraffito
It is a built-up construction or combination of building materials as clay, concrete, or stone set in mortar
Masonry
It is the horizontal surfaces on which the stones or bricks of walls lie in the courses
Bed
It js a continuous layer of bricks, stones, or other masonry units
Course
Each continuous, vertical section of the wall, one masonry unit thick
Wythe or Tier
That connection between bricks, stones or other masonry units formed by lapping them one upon another carrying up the work
Bond
It is a brick or block masonry laid lengthwise of a wall
Stretcher
a brick or block masonry extending over the thickness of the wall
Header
a course in which the bricks or other masonry units are all header.
Heading course
a unit laid on its end with its face perpendicular to the face of the wall
Soldier
The corner stones at the angles of buildings, usually rusticated so as to project from the normal surface of the wall.
Quoins
stones running through the thickness of the wall at the right angles to its face, in order to bind it together.
Bond Stones
a course of stones placed on top of cornice crowing the walls.
Blocking or blocking course
are the basic building material of man, the history of architecture until as late as 1900 was largely the history of stone in architecture
Stone
stone delivered from the quarries rough and irregular shape.
Rubble Stone
stone cut into specific size, squared to dimensions, and to a specific thickness.
Dimension Stone
Masonry of rough, undressed stones.
Rubble Work
When only the roughest irregularities are knocked off
scabbled rubble
when the stones in each course are rudely dressed to a nearly uniform height
range rubble
Stones fitted together at random without any attempt to lay them in course
Random Work
squared stones in regular courses, in contradistinction to rubble work
Ashlar
uniform courses with sones uniform in size.
Ranged work or coursed ashlar
Course laid with the horizontal joints uninterrupted but the width of the courses and the length of the stones are varied to produce a wall with a less regular pattern.
Broken range ashlar
their rectangular shape and are laid on horizontal beds but no effort is made to continue the horizontal beds through in an uninterrupted manner
. Random Course
Courses of stone face which is jagged, so as to present a rough surface.
Rustic or rock work
occurs when heavier stones or areas of stone project from the normal face of the surrounding wall or of the joint themselves
RUSTICATION
- are structural units of clay or shale formed while plastic and subsequently fired.
BRICKS
- used for all purposes, including facing.
. common or building brick
specially processed to give certain specific surface characteristics. Used for exposed masonry surfaces.
facing brick
have a smooth outer surface with a dull satin or high gloss finish
glazed brick
these are ordinarily made from a mixture of flint clay and plastic clay, and are used for the lining of furnaces, fireplaces, and chimneys.
fire (refractory) brick
– consists of five stretcher courses and then a header course
A. Common Bond
Consists of alternate courses of stretchers and headers .
B. English Bond
Consists of alternate headers and stretchers in each course .
C. Flemish Bond
The bricks are laid diagonally to form a herringbone pattern.
Herringbone
is a hollow masonry unit, with two or three cells or cores, made of the following ingredients: water, Portland cement, and various types of aggregate such as sand, gravel, and crushed stone.
Concrete Hollow Block (CHB)
is lightweight block made from fiber and cement.
DURISOL” block
also known as gypsum partition blocks, are usually made of gypsum, vegetable fibers as binders, and reinforcement.
PLASTER BLOCK
are hollow masonry units, open at two ends with interior webs or partitions 19mm (¾”) to 25mm (1”) dividing the block into longitudinal cells.
STRUCTURAL CLAY TILE
300mm x 300mm x 300mm (12” x 12” x 12”)
. Load-bearing wall tile
fireproofing, partition, and furring tile. 100mm (4”) or 125mm (5”) x 200mm x 300mm
Non-load bearing
