Masonry Flashcards

1
Q

What do we consider masonry?

A

Stone, Bricks, Blocks and mortar

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
2
Q

What are the advantages of masonry?

A

Great in compression
Low maintenence
Good Fire resistance
Aesthetics

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
3
Q

Disadvantages of masonry?

A

Variable material properties
Poor flexability
Not as environmentally friendly, large embodied energy
labour intensive

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
4
Q

what are bricks made of?

A

ceramic
clay and shale/ alumino silicates (china clay)
Sand may be included and lime/ iron oxide(red)
fired at 1000c to vitrify (fuse and for a glass)
right amount of non plastic material required to prevent excessive shrinkage

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
5
Q

Types of brick?

A

Common, engineering, facing

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
6
Q

How are bricks manufactured?

A

Brick clay/shale quarried
Grinded down and other materials added along with water
bricks are then extruded through the appropriate die
surface finish may then be added
bricks dried out at 100c for 24 hrs in humid environment
fired at 1000c for a few days

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
7
Q

Types of brick shapes?

A

Frogged
Perforated
Cellular
keyed for plaster

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
8
Q

ways a brick can be laid?

A

Stretcher - side
Header - end
Shiner - biggest face
Rowlock - end on side
Sailor - upright shiner
soldier - upright stretcher

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
9
Q

types of bond?

A

Stretcher bond
English bond
Flemish bond

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
10
Q

Brick dimentions

A

215 x 65 x 102.5 work size plus 10 for coordination size
3 75s make 225
2 112.5 make 3 75s and 225

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
11
Q

dimensions of a block?

A

440 x 215 x depth

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
12
Q

how can we support a brick wall from lateral forces?

A

buttresses, flank walls,

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
13
Q

What are the frost resistance gradings for brick?

A

F0- not resistant indoor use only
F1 moderate exposure
F2 frost resistant for severe conditions

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
14
Q

What is efflorescence?

A

it is a white powdery deposit that can form on masonry after 1 to 3 years
soluble salts making their way to the surface
usually sulfates or carbonates
can be washed away
caused by salts in the masonry, water getting into the masonry and finding its way to the surface

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
15
Q

What is carbonated lime bloom?

A

CaO leaching out of cement rich mortar, react with water or co2 to form carbonate of carbon over time.
prevention by preventing fresh laid masonry getting wet
removed by hydrochloric acid

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
16
Q

sustainability of bricks?

A

high fuel consumption in the firing
little wastage
product is durable and reusable with the right mortar
good thermal properties

17
Q

What are calcium silicate bricks?

A

they are chemically set sandlime bricks and dont require firing

18
Q

how are concrete blocks made?

A

cement, agg, water
mixing ingredients dry
adding small amount of water for set
compaction into a mould
cured in a low pressure steam kiln for several hours

19
Q

what are the densities of blocks?

A

Dense Block - up to 40 mpa 2 t/m3 well graded agg
Med Dense Block 7mpa 1.5t/m3 single sized agg
Low density block - 3-10 mpa concrete aerated with entrained air

20
Q

forms of blocks?

A

solid
hollow
celular

21
Q

how are AAC blocks made?

A

similar to regular blocks however, with pfa and aluminium powder
no moulds used, sheet poured and blocks cut with wire before pressure kiln