Maslows

Question 1

Impact on program development

Answer 1

Development if the outdoor education program is clearly influenced by Maslow’s hierarchy. The impact is demonstrated in two wats, that is through the roles of the teacher and the role of the student.

Question 2

Teachers/instructors

Answer 2

They must create an outdoor ed program that meets the skill requirements for each level of Maslow’s hierarchy. More importantly, teachers need to teach at the level of the students rather then the level at which they think that should be. This is a huge challenge as it is difficult to know all the aspects and related situations of students. Teachers will guide their students through a series of OED activities and problem solving initiatives, which allows them to work through each stage in the hierarchy.

Question 3

Stages of the hierarchy

Answer 3

1- Physiological needs
2- Safety needs
3- Social needs
4- Esteem needs

Question 4

Student and teachers roles in achieving Physiological stage

Answer 4

(Survival, basic needs : Hunger, thirst, sleep and warmth)

Teacher-

• Tech planning and preparation for expedition
• Give information about the area, route, emergency plans
• Always teach at the level of the students

Student
-Plan and prepare for the expedition

Question 5

Student and teachers roles in achieving Safety stage

Answer 5

(Physical saftey, group order, emotional security, free from threat)

Teacher-

• Make sure students feel safe, use formal and informal settings
• Establish appropriate guidelines
• Provide environments that match the student level of learning
• Teach risk assessment management and emergency response

Student

• Know your skill level limits and act accordingly
• Follow safety procedures
• Practice activity and self management skills
• Follow expectations and rules for the group
• Assist other to feel safe

Question 6

Student and teachers roles in achieving Social stage

Answer 6

(Sense of belonging, relationships, acceptance, affirmations)

Teacher-

• Organise activities for students to build relationships and feel acceptance
• Provide opportunity for students to conduct communication activities
• Challenge by choice

Students

• Practice personal skills: Listening, observe before judging others, be sensitive towards others in group activities.
• Develop interpersonal skills: support, accept and include others in group activities.

Question 7

Student and teachers roles in achieving Esteem stage

Answer 7

(Internal factors are self respect, confidence, expressions of feelings, values. External factors are respect from others, status and recognition.)

Teacher-

• Arrange activities for students to demonstrate personal growth and change
• Teach goal setting and introduce leadership skills
• Teach evaluation of strengths and weaknesses, and give constructive feedback

Students-

• Enjoy and take pride in achievements
• Appreciate others
• Respect others
• Engage in peer teaching
• Develop emerging leadership skills
• Develop reflective thinking skills