Mary I (1553 - 1558) Flashcards
When did Mary become Queen?
1553
Who were Mary’s parents?
Henry VIII and Catherine of Aragon
What year were Heresy Laws restored?
1554
How many Protestants were executed by Heresy Laws?
284
Act of Supremacy date?
1555
Act of Supremacy 1555 purpose?
Papal supremacy over English Church was restored
What was Mary I primary aim?
Restore Catholicism to England
How old was Mary when she came to throne?
37
Who did Mary want to marry?
Phillip II of Spain
Privy Councils purpose?
Managing day - to - day business of government
When was the marriage treaty by parliament introduced?
1554
Marriage treaty requirements?
Phillip had title “king of England” but no authority
Any heir born will inherit England/Netherlands not Spain
England would help Netherlands if invaded by France
Phillip would not have a claim to the English throne if Mary dies
What was Mary’s nickname?
Bloody Mary
When did Mary make Elizabeth her heir?
11 days before her death
Who did Mary make Bishop of Winchester and Lord Chancellor?
Stephan Gardiner
What year was the Militia Act?
1558
What did the Militia Act do?
Improved raising of troops
Spanish and English forces defeated France at what battle?
Battle of Saint - Quentin
What year was Battle of Saint - Quentin?
1557
When did France take Calais from England?
1558
How much wardships do the Royal Navy have fin 1555 and 1557?
1555 - 3 wardships
1557 - 21 wardships
Who was in charge of raising troops in each county?
Lord Lieutenants
What year was the Wyatt Rebellion?
1554
Reason for Wyatt Rebellion?
Sir Thomas Wyatt and his supporters were opposed to Mary I marriage to Phillip of Spain
Who led the Wyatt Rebellion?
Sir Thomas Wyatt
How many men did Wyatt lead to London?
3000
Who did Wyatt want to replace Mary with?
Edward Courtency ( Yorkist descendant )
Why did the Wyatt Rebellion fail?
Wyatt could not persuade Londoners to join
What college was founded and in what year?
St John’s College, Oxford in 1555
Mary executed Wyatt who else did she execute?
Lady Jane Grey
What did Mary propose about the clergy in 1556?
Training places of clergy should be reformed
What humanitarian influenced Mary?
Erasmus
Why did the printing press become popular?
Producing Catholic prayer books
Was there a decline in Protestants?
Yes
