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Tudor History > Henry VII (1485 - 1509) > Flashcards

Henry VII (1485 - 1509) Flashcards

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1
Q

Four words to describe Henry VII?

A

Respected
Efficient
Intelligent
Shrewd

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2
Q

Date of War of the Roses?

A

1455 - 1487

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3
Q

War of the Roses between what houses?

A

Houses of York and Lancaster

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4
Q

When did Henry VII take the throne.

A

1485

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5
Q

When was the Battle of Bosworth?

A

22 August 1485

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6
Q

Who did Henry VII kill at Battle of Bosworth?

A

Richard III

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7
Q

When did Henry VII date his reign?

A

21st August 1485

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8
Q

Why did Henry VII date his reign a day before the Battle of Bosworth?

A

Could declare all Yorkist traitors and try them for treason, allowing Crown to take Yorkist property

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9
Q

Which Yorkist had better claim to the throne during Henry VII?

A

Elizabeth of York
Earl of Warwick
Richard de la Pole

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10
Q

When was Henry VII coronation?

A

30th October 1485

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11
Q

What people did Henry VII trust the most?

A

Margaret Beaufort (mother)
Jasper Tudor, Earl of Oxford
John Morton
Richard Fox

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12
Q

What did Henry VII do with information he was given?

A

Double check

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13
Q

Why was Henry VII claim to the throne weak?

A

His mother was descended from a once illegitimate branch of the Lancastrians

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14
Q

Who had no political power during Henry VII reign?

A

Elizabeth of York

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15
Q

When did Henry VII marry Elizabeth of York?

A

1486

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16
Q

What his Henry VII marriage do?

A

United families of Lancaster and York

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17
Q

When did Henry VII first convene Parliament?

A

November 1485

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18
Q

Who did Perkin Warbeck pretend to be?

A

Richard Duke of York

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19
Q

When was Perkin Warbeck executed?

A

1499

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20
Q

When was Battle of Stoke?

A

1487

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21
Q

What was Battle of Stoke?

A

Last battle of Roses

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22
Q

Who did Lambert Simnel pretend to be?

A

Edward, Earl of Warwick

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23
Q

Who had a genuine claim to the throne during Henry VII reign?

A

Edmund De La Pole

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24
Q

When and where did Edmund De La Pole flee to?

A

Holy Roman Empire in 1501

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25
Q

What did Royal Council do during Henry VII reign?

A

Helped with day - to - day government

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26
Q

Important members in the Royal Council during Henry VII reign?

A

John Morton
Reginald Bray

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27
Q

What did Council Learned do during Henry VII reign?

A

Increased Crown revenue
Enforced Bonds and Recognisances
Feudal Rights

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28
Q

What parts of England did Henry VII have a stronger hold over?

A

South and East

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29
Q

What part of England did Henry VIII have a weaker hold over?

A

North

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30
Q

Justices of the Peace (JPs) job during Henry VII reign?

A

Maintain order

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31
Q

What was stronger statue law or royal proclamation during Henry VII reign?

A

Statue law

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32
Q

What year was Star Chamber established?

A

1487

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33
Q

Who were Acts of Attainders issued against during Henry VII reign?

A

Those who fought Henry VII at Bosworth

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34
Q

Who could only allow extra taxation during Henry VII reign?

A

Parliament

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35
Q

What year was Act of Resumption?

A

1486

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36
Q

What did Act of Resumption do?

A

Return to the crown all the land it had granted away since 1455

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37
Q

What did Parliament grant Henry VII?

A

Custom duty for life

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38
Q

Role of the Privy Chamber in Henry VII reign?

A

Saw to monarchs personal needs

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39
Q

What did Henry VII allow JP’s to do in 1487?

A

Grant bail to people awaiting trial

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40
Q

Role of Court of Chancery in Henry VII reign?

A

Heard cases on feudal land disputes and complaints about mistakes made by the Crown

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41
Q

What year was the Navigation Act in Henry VII reign?

A

1485

42
Q

Aim of Navigation Act 1485?

A

No English merchants were to use foreign ships to transport goods if an English ship was available

43
Q

In 1495 what were JPs allowed to do?

A

They could vet juries and replace jury members thought to be bribed

44
Q

What were Bonds and Recognisances?

A

Payments made to guarantee good behaviour

45
Q

Role of Court of Audit in Henry VII reign?

A

Monitor wider government spending

46
Q

Year of Act of Resumption and Attainders in Henry VII reign?

A

1486

47
Q

Aim of 1486 Act of Resumption and Attainders?

A

Increase Crown lands

48
Q

Types of Ordinary Revenue?

A

Feudal Dues
Relief
Wardship
Livery

49
Q

What was relief?

A

Tax paid upon inheriting land

50
Q

What was wardships?

A

Monarch could control lands and revenue of underaged heirs

51
Q

What was livery?

A

Paid by wards when the took control of lands

52
Q

What year was Warbeck welcomed by James IV?

A

1495

53
Q

What year did James IV and Warbeck invade England?

A

1497

54
Q

What year did Henry VII sign Truce of Ayton with Scotland?

A

1486

55
Q

What was the Truce of Ayton later called?

A

Treaty of Perpetual Peace in 1502

56
Q

What year and who did James IV have an marriage alliance with?

A

1503 - had marriage alliance with Margaret (Henry VII daughter)

57
Q

What do France take control over in Henry VII reign?

A

Brittany

58
Q

When was the Breton Crisis?

A

1488 - 1492

59
Q

What year was Treaty of Étaples?

A

1492

60
Q

Treaty of Étaples decide?

A

End Breton Crisis
Guarantee France would not shelter English rebels

61
Q

When do England join the Holy League?

A

1496

62
Q

How did England remain in the Holy League?

A

Neutral

63
Q

What year was the Treaty of Medina Del Campo?

A

1489

64
Q

What was established in the Treaty of Medina Del Campo?

A

Spain and England will not make treaties with France without sounding the other first
Equal trading rights for each others merchants
Price Arthur would marry Catherine of Aragon

65
Q

What was Burgundy part of?

A

Holy Roman Empire

66
Q

Who did Margaret of Burgundy support in Henry VII reign?

A

Perkin Warbeck

67
Q

When and who signed Magnus Intercursus?

A

1496 - Phillip, Duke of Burgundy and Henry VII

68
Q

What treaty was signed with Scotland by Henry VII?

A

Truce of Ayton 1486
Treaty of Perpetual Peace 1502

69
Q

What treaty was signed with France by Henry VII?

A

Treaty of Étaples 1489

70
Q

What treaty was signed with Spain by Henry VII?

A

Treaty of Medina del Campo 1489

71
Q

What treaty was signed with Burgundy by Henry VII?

A

Magnus Intercursus 1496

72
Q

When did Prince Arthur die?

A

1502

73
Q

When did Isabella Castile die?

A

1504

74
Q

How many earls did Henry VII make in his reign?

A

3

75
Q

How many nobles were in England during Henry VII reign?

A

Around 50

76
Q

How much land did the Church own in Henry VII reign?

A

1/3

77
Q

Who were tenants?

A

People who rented landlords land

78
Q

What were the 7 sacraments?

A

Baptism
Confirmation
Eucharistic
Penance
Anointing of the Sick
Holy Orders
Matrimony

79
Q

Who was Archbishop of Canterbury in Henry VII reign?

A

John Morton

80
Q

Hierarchy of Commoners?

A

Gentry
Merchants
Yeomen
Husbandmen
Cottagers/Labourers

81
Q

What 3 councils were established to maintain order in Henry VII reign?

A

Council of the North
Council of Wales
Council of Ireland

82
Q

What year was the Yorkshire Rebellion?

A

1489

83
Q

Reason for Yorkshire Rebellion?

A

Increase in tax to be used for conflict in the south

84
Q

Who was murdered during the Yorkshire Rebellion?

A

Tax collector Earl of Northumberland

85
Q

Who’s forces defeated rebels at Yorkshire Rebellion?

A

Earl of Surrey

86
Q

What did Henry VII NOT do after the Yorkshire Rebellion?

A

Raise tax in the north

87
Q

What year was the Cornish Rebellion?

A

1497

88
Q

Reasons for Cornish Rebellion?

A

Henry VII raised tax in Cornwall to defend Englands northern borders against Scotland and Perkin Warbeck

89
Q

Why was the Cornish Rebellion seen as dangerous?

A

Rebels reached Blackheath near London where battle broke out

90
Q

How much of English exports were still carried in foreign ships during Henry VII reign?

A

50%

91
Q

English raw wool exports were down by how much in Henry VII reign?

A

30%

92
Q

How many ships did Henry VII leave his heir?

A

9

93
Q

When and who discovered the New World?

A

1492 - Christopher Columbus on behalf of Spain

94
Q

Who dominated the Mediterranean trade during Henry VII reign?

A

Venice

95
Q

What did Magnus Intercursus allow merchants to do?

A

Trade freely in Burgundy except in Flanders

96
Q

What did enclosures mean during Henry VII reign?

A

Agricultural land that was available to any farmer was now owned

97
Q

How much did Lincolnshire raise for a new parish church under Henry VII?

A

£350

98
Q

What was the dominant religion under Henry VII?

A

Catholic

99
Q

What is Humanism?

A

An intellectual movement that was focused on the potential of mankind

100
Q

What did Henry VII support?

A

Poets
Musicians
Architects
Artists

101
Q

What did Henry VII encourage in England?

A

Cultural Renaissance

Tudor History (5 decks)

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