Henry VII (1485 - 1509) Flashcards
Four words to describe Henry VII?
Respected
Efficient
Intelligent
Shrewd
Date of War of the Roses?
1455 - 1487
War of the Roses between what houses?
Houses of York and Lancaster
When did Henry VII take the throne.
1485
When was the Battle of Bosworth?
22 August 1485
Who did Henry VII kill at Battle of Bosworth?
Richard III
When did Henry VII date his reign?
21st August 1485
Why did Henry VII date his reign a day before the Battle of Bosworth?
Could declare all Yorkist traitors and try them for treason, allowing Crown to take Yorkist property
Which Yorkist had better claim to the throne during Henry VII?
Elizabeth of York
Earl of Warwick
Richard de la Pole
When was Henry VII coronation?
30th October 1485
What people did Henry VII trust the most?
Margaret Beaufort (mother)
Jasper Tudor, Earl of Oxford
John Morton
Richard Fox
What did Henry VII do with information he was given?
Double check
Why was Henry VII claim to the throne weak?
His mother was descended from a once illegitimate branch of the Lancastrians
Who had no political power during Henry VII reign?
Elizabeth of York
When did Henry VII marry Elizabeth of York?
1486
What his Henry VII marriage do?
United families of Lancaster and York
When did Henry VII first convene Parliament?
November 1485
Who did Perkin Warbeck pretend to be?
Richard Duke of York
When was Perkin Warbeck executed?
1499
When was Battle of Stoke?
1487
What was Battle of Stoke?
Last battle of Roses
Who did Lambert Simnel pretend to be?
Edward, Earl of Warwick
Who had a genuine claim to the throne during Henry VII reign?
Edmund De La Pole
When and where did Edmund De La Pole flee to?
Holy Roman Empire in 1501
What did Royal Council do during Henry VII reign?
Helped with day - to - day government
Important members in the Royal Council during Henry VII reign?
John Morton
Reginald Bray
What did Council Learned do during Henry VII reign?
Increased Crown revenue
Enforced Bonds and Recognisances
Feudal Rights
What parts of England did Henry VII have a stronger hold over?
South and East
What part of England did Henry VIII have a weaker hold over?
North
Justices of the Peace (JPs) job during Henry VII reign?
Maintain order
What was stronger statue law or royal proclamation during Henry VII reign?
Statue law
What year was Star Chamber established?
1487
Who were Acts of Attainders issued against during Henry VII reign?
Those who fought Henry VII at Bosworth
Who could only allow extra taxation during Henry VII reign?
Parliament
What year was Act of Resumption?
1486
What did Act of Resumption do?
Return to the crown all the land it had granted away since 1455
What did Parliament grant Henry VII?
Custom duty for life
Role of the Privy Chamber in Henry VII reign?
Saw to monarchs personal needs
What did Henry VII allow JP’s to do in 1487?
Grant bail to people awaiting trial
Role of Court of Chancery in Henry VII reign?
Heard cases on feudal land disputes and complaints about mistakes made by the Crown
What year was the Navigation Act in Henry VII reign?
1485
Aim of Navigation Act 1485?
No English merchants were to use foreign ships to transport goods if an English ship was available
In 1495 what were JPs allowed to do?
They could vet juries and replace jury members thought to be bribed
What were Bonds and Recognisances?
Payments made to guarantee good behaviour
Role of Court of Audit in Henry VII reign?
Monitor wider government spending
Year of Act of Resumption and Attainders in Henry VII reign?
1486
Aim of 1486 Act of Resumption and Attainders?
Increase Crown lands
Types of Ordinary Revenue?
Feudal Dues
Relief
Wardship
Livery
What was relief?
Tax paid upon inheriting land
What was wardships?
Monarch could control lands and revenue of underaged heirs
What was livery?
Paid by wards when the took control of lands
What year was Warbeck welcomed by James IV?
1495
What year did James IV and Warbeck invade England?
1497
What year did Henry VII sign Truce of Ayton with Scotland?
1486
What was the Truce of Ayton later called?
Treaty of Perpetual Peace in 1502
What year and who did James IV have an marriage alliance with?
1503 - had marriage alliance with Margaret (Henry VII daughter)
What do France take control over in Henry VII reign?
Brittany
When was the Breton Crisis?
1488 - 1492
What year was Treaty of Étaples?
1492
Treaty of Étaples decide?
End Breton Crisis
Guarantee France would not shelter English rebels
When do England join the Holy League?
1496
How did England remain in the Holy League?
Neutral
What year was the Treaty of Medina Del Campo?
1489
What was established in the Treaty of Medina Del Campo?
Spain and England will not make treaties with France without sounding the other first
Equal trading rights for each others merchants
Price Arthur would marry Catherine of Aragon
What was Burgundy part of?
Holy Roman Empire
Who did Margaret of Burgundy support in Henry VII reign?
Perkin Warbeck
When and who signed Magnus Intercursus?
1496 - Phillip, Duke of Burgundy and Henry VII
What treaty was signed with Scotland by Henry VII?
Truce of Ayton 1486
Treaty of Perpetual Peace 1502
What treaty was signed with France by Henry VII?
Treaty of Étaples 1489
What treaty was signed with Spain by Henry VII?
Treaty of Medina del Campo 1489
What treaty was signed with Burgundy by Henry VII?
Magnus Intercursus 1496
When did Prince Arthur die?
1502
When did Isabella Castile die?
1504
How many earls did Henry VII make in his reign?
3
How many nobles were in England during Henry VII reign?
Around 50
How much land did the Church own in Henry VII reign?
1/3
Who were tenants?
People who rented landlords land
What were the 7 sacraments?
Baptism
Confirmation
Eucharistic
Penance
Anointing of the Sick
Holy Orders
Matrimony
Who was Archbishop of Canterbury in Henry VII reign?
John Morton
Hierarchy of Commoners?
Gentry
Merchants
Yeomen
Husbandmen
Cottagers/Labourers
What 3 councils were established to maintain order in Henry VII reign?
Council of the North
Council of Wales
Council of Ireland
What year was the Yorkshire Rebellion?
1489
Reason for Yorkshire Rebellion?
Increase in tax to be used for conflict in the south
Who was murdered during the Yorkshire Rebellion?
Tax collector Earl of Northumberland
Who’s forces defeated rebels at Yorkshire Rebellion?
Earl of Surrey
What did Henry VII NOT do after the Yorkshire Rebellion?
Raise tax in the north
What year was the Cornish Rebellion?
1497
Reasons for Cornish Rebellion?
Henry VII raised tax in Cornwall to defend Englands northern borders against Scotland and Perkin Warbeck
Why was the Cornish Rebellion seen as dangerous?
Rebels reached Blackheath near London where battle broke out
How much of English exports were still carried in foreign ships during Henry VII reign?
50%
English raw wool exports were down by how much in Henry VII reign?
30%
How many ships did Henry VII leave his heir?
9
When and who discovered the New World?
1492 - Christopher Columbus on behalf of Spain
Who dominated the Mediterranean trade during Henry VII reign?
Venice
What did Magnus Intercursus allow merchants to do?
Trade freely in Burgundy except in Flanders
What did enclosures mean during Henry VII reign?
Agricultural land that was available to any farmer was now owned
How much did Lincolnshire raise for a new parish church under Henry VII?
£350
What was the dominant religion under Henry VII?
Catholic
What is Humanism?
An intellectual movement that was focused on the potential of mankind
What did Henry VII support?
Poets
Musicians
Architects
Artists
What did Henry VII encourage in England?
Cultural Renaissance
