Mary Flashcards
Why did female rule present such a serious problem? (5)
Unable to control faction
Unable to lead an army
Conflicting roles of Queen and subservient wife
If she married an English man it would increase their families power
If she married a foreigner they could dominate the country
Who was John Foxe? (3)
A puritan writer who wrote The First Blast and Trumpet Against the Monstrous Regiment of Women in 1558
Who were the two contenders to marry Marry? What were their positives and weaknesses? (2)
Edward Courtenay- supported by Gardiner, related to Plantagenets, English
Phillip of Spain- related to Hasburghs, powerful ally but was a forginer
When did Mary tell parliament of her intention to marry Phillip? How did they react? (2)
November 1553
It was petitioned by the House of Commons
When was the marriage treaty for Mary and Phillip drawn up? (1)
January 1554
When did Wyatt’s rebellion start and what was the planned attack and who was in charge of it? (3)
January 1554
Sir James Croft, Sir Peter Carew and Sir Thomas Wyatt
A four pronged rising in Devon, Leicestershire, Welsh borders and Kent- the only one which rose. They panned to marry Elizabeth to Edward Courtenay.
What are the suggested reasons for Wyatt’s rebellion? (3)
Fear of being replaced by Spanish in court
Religion- Wyatt was protestant
Who was John Proctor and why is his account biased? (1)
Wrote about religion being the motivator for Wyatt’s rebellion but was writing for the government.
Why was the rebellion unsuccessful? (3)
Rebellion raised in winter
Wyatt was slow in his march to London
Mary stayed in London
Was Mary’s marriage threatening to stability? (5)
Able to reach the Tower of London
Able to raise 3000 men
Didn’t stop the marriage
Mary only executed 100 of the rebels
Phillip lived abroad with minimal influence
Why do some argue that faction and council threatened stability? (3)
Divisions over marriage (Gardiner vs Paget)
Large council size
Disputes over Heresy laws
Why do some argue that faction and council was not a threat to stability? (3)
Mostly worked in unity
Although a large council, meetings were often small
Faction arguably useful at times
What 3 measures were taken by Mary to make her council more effective? (3)
1554- committees excluding casual Councillors
1555- Inner Circle
1555- Gardiner’s death allows Paget to create conciliar govt
Was Mary able to achieve to achieve her religious aims? (2)
No Catholic heir
No assurance Elizabeth would continue Catholicism
When did Mary marry Phillip? (1)
July 1554
When did Mary die? (1)
November 15598
What were Mary’s religious aims? (7)
undo the religious changes made since 1529
restore papal authority
restore Catholic practices and transubstantiation
re-establish dissolved religious houses
end clerical marriage and restore status of priests
secure a Catholic heir
persecute those who didn’t agree with her views
How was Mary welcomed when she ascended the throne? (3)
With a large mass and lots of enthusiasm
On 23rd August a cross and altar were set up in St Nicholas Abbey were a mass was held- 6 other churches followed suit in the capital
Crowded procession for Mary’s coronation
Why was Mary welcomed so warmly on her coronation? (2)
Legitimate ruler vs catholic restoration
What obstacles did Mary’s religious aims face? (3)
Gardiner was uncertain about restoring papal authority
Renard was concerned about restoring former monastic land
Fears about starting rebellion
When did Parliament refuse to repeal the Act of Supremacy? (1)
October 1553
When was the Act of repeal passed and what did it do?
2
September 1553
Restored church to that of 1547 under the 6 articles
