Marxism Flashcards
1
Q
Capitalism ?
A
- economy private ownership of property
- Ruling class (Bourgeuise)
- Working Class (Proleteriat)
2
Q
Capitalism
how the ruling class and working class work ?
A
- R/C owns the means of production & expliot W/C who are paid a small amount, so the R/C can keep it to themselves
3
Q
View on education?
A
- jusitfy & legitimise capitalist ideology, class inequalities, alienated and exploited workers that think inequality is acceptable
4
Q
Althusser ?
A
- despite inequalities, capitalists are still able to hold power & wealth and control state
5
Q
Althusser
ideological state apparatus (ISA) ?
A
- government subconsiously control ideas
6
Q
Althusser
Repressive State Apparatus (RSA) ?
A
- when people go against ideas / opress
7
Q
Althusser
ISAs reproduce capitalist ideology ?
A
- class inequalty failing each generation of W/C pupil ensuring they get low paid jobs
8
Q
Althusser
ISAs legitimisation?
A
- convince ineuality is inevitable
- failure is individuals fault not education
9
Q
Althusser
evaluation ?
A
- Rutter; well organised schools can enable W/C pupils to move up social class
- assumes passive acceptance of capitalism
10
Q
Bowles & Gintis ?
A
- capitalism demands obidiant/passive workforce
- schooling takes place in “long shadow of work”
11
Q
Bowles & Gintis
correspondance principle?
A
- work & school are similar, serve capitalism in 4 ways:
1. produces docile & passive workers
2. acceptance of hierachies & authority (obey)
3. motivation by external rewards (obey)
4. fragmentation of subjects
12
Q
Bowles & Gintis
hidden curriculum?
A
- learnt but not directly taught EG puncual, competition
13
Q
Bowles & Gintis
Myth of Meritocracy?
A
- made to seem fair to the poor/disadvanted challenging system : blame themselves
14
Q
Bowles & Gintis
Methods link?
A
- Studied 237 members of senior year on NY high school, questionaires & found that schools rewarded submissive and compliant woker traits
- low grade: creativity, agressiveness & independance
- higher grades: perserverance, consistancy, punctuality
- compared grades & exam scores with questionaires
15
Q
Bowles & Gintis
evaluation?
A
- assumes students passively accept the attitudes & behavior taught in hidden curriculum
16
Q
Willis ?
A
- education reproduces capitalism (small scale research) meanings W/C boys attatched to education
17
Q
Willis
“learning to labour” ?
A
- At secondary school, boys dont learn anything valuable & do the bare minimum
- anti school subculture : breaking ruls & “having a laff”
- ensures failure to gaurentee suply to workers for capitalism
18
Q
Willis
methods link?
A
- unstructered group interviews & observation uncover lad’s antischool subculture
- allowed “lads” to talk freely in own words, viewed teachers & schools
19
Q
Willis
evaluation
A
some students may not give a response
20
Q
Bourdieu?
A
- reproduce the class structure & justify class inequalities
21
Q
Bourdieu
habitus?
A
- each social class posseses its own set of ideas (habitus)
- what counts as good or bad taste EG tv programmes
- socialisation in the family
- dominant class has the power to impose habitus in education system
- W/C : low habitus, R/C: high habitus
22
Q
Bourdieu
cultural capital?
A
- appropriate norms & values lead to material rewards in life
- M/C backgrounds: more acces to the culture of the dominant class
- L/C backgrounds: don’t have cultural capital: educational failure is inevitable.
23
Q
Bourdieu
evaluation?
A
- not all W/C do poorly in education system
