Marking Period 2 Benchmark

Question 1

What are autotrophs?

Answer 1

organisms that use energy from sunlight or from chemical bonds in inorganic substances to make organic compounds

Question 2

What is photosynthesis?

Answer 2

Convert light energy from the sun into chemical energy in the form of organic compounds, primarily carbohydrates

Question 3

What are heterotrophs?

Answer 3

Get energy from food instead of direct sunlight or inorganic substances

Question 4

What is the main purpose of glycolysis?

Answer 4

The purpose of glycolysis is to break down glucose in order to get hydrogens (electrons) out of food so that it could be delivered to NAD. So NADH can deliver it to the electron transport chain.

Question 5

What is the main purpose of Krebs Cycle?

Answer 5

The purpose of Krebs is to pull out leftover electrons. NADH and FADH2 will carry and move electrons.

Question 6

Explain cellular respiration

Answer 6

CO2 and H2O are produce. products of photosynthesis are reactants in cellular respiration. conversely, products of cellular respiration are reactants in photosynthesis

Question 7

What is the main purpose of ATP Synthase?

Answer 7

Makes sure protons are in intermembrane space

Question 8

What is the role of O2 in cellular respiration?

Answer 8

O2 gives the ability to use proton pumps

Question 9

What is the main purpose of the electron transport chain?

Answer 9

Pumps out hydrogens from the matrix to the intermembrane so equalibrium isnt reached. It maintains a hydrogen imbalance, electrons flowing–> so ATP synthase and production doesnt stop. Energy to do this comes from glucose

Question 10

Where do light reactions take place?

Answer 10

Thylakoid membrane

Question 11

How do light reactions work?

Answer 11

proteins of electron transport chain pump H+ from stroma into - thylakoid space. H+ diffuses back into stromo by ATP synthase. ATP synthase turms ADP into ATP. final electron recipiant is NADP+

Question 12

What is the by-product of Light Reactions?

Answer 12

Oxygen

Question 13

What are the main products of Light Reactions?

Answer 13

ATP and NADPH (produced from Calvin Cycle

Question 14

What are the by-products of Krebs Cycle?

Answer 14

2CO2 (leaves cell)

Question 15

For Krebs Cycle, what were each product per Acetyl CoA?

Answer 15

3 NADPH -> move electron load to final step of respiration (electron transport chain, I believe). 1 FADH3 -> move electron load to final step of respiration (electron transport chain). and 1 ATP

Question 16

What happens during Dark Reactions?

Answer 16

carbon is fixed (from atmosphere/CO2) by rubisco. energy (from ATP) and electrons (from NADPH) is used to reduce CO2 into G3P (2 G3Ps make glucose)