Marketing lesson 5 - 8

Question 1

Who is bacchus?

Answer 1

Dionysus, also spelled Dionysos, also called Bacchus or (in Rome) Liber Pater, in Greco-Roman religion, a nature god of fruitfulness and vegetation, especially known as a god of wine and ecstasy. … Dionysus was the son of Zeus and Semele, a daughter of Cadmus

Question 2

the fact that something produces good results

Answer 2

Fruitfulness

Question 3

the fact that plants produce a lot of fruit:

She loved the beauty and ….. of the autumn, when the whole countryside was ablaze with rich golden colours.

Answer 3

Fruitfulness

the fact that plants produce a lot of fruit:

She loved the beauty and fruitfulness of the autumn, when the whole countryside was ablaze with rich golden colours.

Question 4

Explain the historical background of the picture

Answer 4

Historical background

Caravaggio painted the painting “Sick Bacchus” in the first year of his stay in Rome. The artist left his homeland Milan in mid-1592 and moved to the “Eternal City” on the seven hills. According to many historians, it was during this period of his life that the painter became seriously ill and spent six months in the hospital of the Church of Santa Maria della Consolazione. Most likely, the disease that shook Caravaggio’s health was none other than malaria. This is the conclusion the art researchers came to when they analyzed the appearance of the main character of the painting. Yellow fever (another name for the disease) occurs when the liver is severely damaged. As a result, due to the increased level of bilirubin, the color of the skin and eyes will change.

Question 5

Explain the connection of the depiction to the SWOT analysis.

Answer 5

It respresents the weaknesses of caravaggio. When we bring up a SWOT analysis we have to not only to focus on strenghts of a company as well we have to identify the weaknesses.

Question 6

What is the name of the depiction and who is the artist?

Answer 6

Medusa, Caravaggio

Question 7

Explain the historical background of Medusa by Caravaggio

Answer 7

In order to appreciate Caravaggio’s painting of Medusa, it is important to know its background. A gorgon is a terrifying female creature in Greek mythology. Medusa was a gorgon with a mane of serpents for hair. She was so repulsive, that whoever looked at her, supposedly turned to stone. Perseus, the Greek hero, was given a shield by the goddess Athena, so that he could avoid looking at her, as he decapitated or beheaded her.

Medusa in Caravaggio’s painting is portrayed at the moment of self-recognition. Realizing that her head and body were no longer one, and that she was still conscious, Caravaggio depicts the horror in her eyes. Medusa is a wonderful example of Caravaggio’s focus on physiognomic, or facial expression in his paintings. Medusa shows an intense level of realism, and Caravaggio uses dark and light contrasts so effectively that Medusa looks three-dimensional.

Question 8

Description of situation analysis.

Answer 8

“Situational analysis” helps develop a basis of understanding of the environment in which a plan is delivered. It provides a common reference point for the planning process and prioritises actions.

Question 9

What is the common strategy approach when a company enounters a SO situation?

Answer 9

Leverage strengths to take advantage of opportunities

Question 10

What is the common strategy approach when a company enounters a STsituation?

Answer 10

Maximise strengths to mitigate threats

Question 11

What is the common strategy approach when a company enounters a WT situation?

Answer 11

Minimise weaknesses to reduce threats

Question 12

What is the common strategy approach when a company enounters a WO situation?

Answer 12

Revolve weaknesses, take advantage of opportunities

Question 13

to have someone or something as the main or most important interest or subject:

The conversation …. ….. childcare problems.

His whole life ….. around football.

Answer 13

revolve around sb/sth

to have someone or something as the main or most important interest or subject:

The conversation revolved around childcare problems.

His whole life revolves around football.

Question 14

Explain the acronym PESTEL

Answer 14

Politics, economy, social, trends, environmental, legal

Question 15

the principle that there is a cause for everything that happens

The notion of conditional independence provides a link between learning graphical models from data and learning ….

Answer 15

causality

The notion of conditional independence provides a link between learning graphical models from data and learning causality.

Question 16

in a way that involves one thing causing another thing:

One extreme storm cannot be …. linked to global warming.

These problems are very likely connected …..

Answer 16

in a way that involves one thing causing another thing:

One extreme storm cannot be causally linked to global warming.

These problems are very likely connected causally.

Question 17

Is there a … …. between violence on television and violent behaviour?

Answer 17

causal

Is there a causal relationship between violence on television and violent behaviour?

Question 18

Gender shift

Answer 18

The traditional social roles that are ascribed to men and women in society are becoming less socially binding. Gender is no longer the determining factor it once was. Changing role models and breaking gender stereotypes are causing a radical change in the economy and society towards a new culture of pluralism.

Question 19

Cultural pluralism

Answer 19

Cultural pluralism is a term used when smaller groups within a larger society maintain their unique cultural identities, whereby their values and practices are accepted by the dominant culture, provided such are consistent with the laws and values of the wider society. As a sociological term, the definition and description of cultural pluralism has evolved over time. It has been described as not only a fact but a societal goal.

Subcultures

Question 20

Health

Answer 20

Health as a fundamental value has become deeply anchored in our consciousness in recent years and has become synonymous with a high quality of life. As a central goal in life, the mega trend shapes all areas of life, industries and companies.

Question 21

Accor diversity actions

Answer 21

Combating all forms of discrimination

Opportunities for all

Diversity training

Publicing the actions

Sharing demands with stakeholders

Reflecting diversity

Encouraging debate

Effective governance

Question 22

Globalization

Answer 22

The mega trend globalization describes the growing together of the world population. While international economic relations are subject to fluctuating national interests, science and business, culture and civil societies around the world are in an increasingly closer free exchange of ideas, talents and goods. These connections are perhaps the most important driver of human progress.

Question 23

Connectivity

Answer 23

The connectivity mega trend describes the dominant basic pattern of social change in the 21st century: the principle of networking based on digital infrastructures. Networked communication technologies are fundamentally changing our lives, work and economics. These new technologies create new lifestyles, behavior patterns and business models.

Question 24

Individualization

Answer 24

The central cultural principle of the current time is reflected in the mega trend of individualization: self-realization within a uniquely designed individuality. It is driven by the increase in personal freedom of choice and individual self-determination. The relationship between ‘I’ and ‘we’ is also renegotiated. The importance of new communities that will give individualization a new face in the future is growing.

Question 25

Mobility

Answer 25

The mega trend mobility describes the emergence of a mobile world culture, driven by an ever more multifaceted and differentiated mobility offer. New products and services change and expand the perspective on the means of transport and its use. The mobility of tomorrow will be defined by the interlinking of work, living and leisure. Getting from A to B will no longer be enough in the future - the decisive factors in a multi-mobile world are: experience, sustainability and health.

Question 26

New work

Answer 26

The understanding of work is fundamentally changing under the influence of digitization and post-growth movements: the classic career has had its day, the question of meaning is coming to the fore. The boundaries between life and work are blurred in a productive way in everyday life. In future, work will be the sum of all occupations at different phases of life.

Question 27

Silver society

Answer 27

People around the world are getting older and staying fit longer. The mega trend Silver Society describes the diverse effects of this demographic change, which presents society with enormous challenges - but also opens up great opportunities for a new socio-cultural vitality. In order to successfully master the demographic transformation, new social and economic framework conditions are required, as well as a new mental approach to aging.

Question 28

Security

Answer 28

The security mega trend describes paradoxical development dynamics: While the perception of risks and dangers increases, we are de facto living in the safest of all times. However, it is precisely this security that leads us to perceive feelings of insecurity more intensely. In the digitalized and globalized 21st century, the questions of what security means and who is responsible for it are being fundamentally renegotiated - and the issue of resilience is becoming increasingly relevant.

Question 29

Knowledge

Answer 29

The world is getting smarter: the global level of education is higher than ever and continues to grow almost everywhere. Fueled by the connectivity mega trend, our knowledge of the world and the way we deal with information are changing. Education is becoming more digital. Cooperative and decentralized structures for generating knowledge are expanding, and our knowledge of knowledge, its creation and dissemination, is increasing.

Question 30

the act of spreading news, information, ideas, etc. to a lot of people:

the ….. of information

Anything that stands in the way of the ….. of knowledge is a real problem.

Answer 30

the act of spreading news, information, ideas, etc. to a lot of people:

the dissemination of information

Anything that stands in the way of the dissemination of knowledge is a real problem.

Question 31

The martyrdom of St. Matthew

Artist:

Original Title:

Date:

Style:

Genre:

Media:

Location:

Answer 31

The Martyrdom of Saint Matthew

Caravaggio

Original Title: Martirio di San Matteo

Date: 1599 - 1600

Style: Baroque, Tenebrism

Genre: religious painting

Media: oil, canvas

Location: San Luigi dei Francesi, Rome, Italy

Question 32

Explenation of picture

Answer 32

Caravaggio completed both Martyrdom of Saint Matthew and The Calling of Saint Matthew, his first two publicly commissioned works, for the Contarelli Chapel in Rome in 1600.

This painting marks the exact time when the orthodox Mannerism gave way to Baroque emotionality, and immediately catapulted Caravaggio into stardom.

The scene was specifically requested by Cardinal Contarelli before his death, and that the painting should require three things:

the saint being murdered by a soldier,

onlookers showing emotions of shock and disgust,

and architecture as the background element.

Question 33

Explain tenebrism

Answer 33

Tenebrism, derived from tenebroso, an Italian word meaning “dark, murky, gloomy,” used dramatic contrasts between light and dark, as paintings with black areas and deep shadows would be intensely illuminated, often by a single light source.

While tenebrism developed from chiaroscuro, unlike that technique, it did not strive for greater three-dimensionality, but was compositional, using deep darkness as a kind of negative space, while intense light in other areas created what has been called “dramatic illumination.”

Question 34

Explain picture

Answer 34

The Calling of Saint Matthew is a masterpiece by Michelangelo Merisi da Caravaggio, depicting the moment at which Jesus Christ inspires Matthew to follow him.

It was completed in 1599–1600 for the Contarelli Chapel in the church of the French congregation, San Luigi dei Francesi in Rome, where it remains today. It hangs alongside two other paintings of Matthew by Caravaggio, The Martyrdom of Saint Matthew (painted around the same time as the Calling) and The Inspiration of Saint Matthew (1602).

Question 35

Artist:

Original Title:

Date:

Style:

Genre:

Media:

Location:

Answer 35

Calling of Saint Matthew

Caravaggio

Original Title: Chiamata di San Matteo

Date: c.1600

Style: Baroque, Tenebrism

Genre: religious painting

Media: oil, canvas

Location: San Luigi dei Francesi, Rome, Italy

Question 36

a person who works in the style of Mannerism (= a movement in 16th-century Italianart):

Leading …. include Parmigiano and Giulio Romano, whose pictures are painted in deep, rich colours.

She owns a work by a sixteenth-century ….

Answer 36

a person who works in the style of Mannerism (= a movement in 16th-century Italianart):

Leading Mannerists include Parmigiano and Giulio Romano, whose pictures are painted in deep, rich colours.

She owns a work by a sixteenth-century Mannerist.

Question 37

something that a person does repeatedly with their face, hands, or voice, and that they may not realize they are doing:

He’s got some very strange …..

We’ve spent so much time together that we’ve picked up each other’s ….

Answer 37

something that a person does repeatedly with their face, hands, or voice, and that they may not realize they are doing:

He’s got some very strange mannerisms.

We’ve spent so much time together that we’ve picked up each other’s mannerisms.

Question 38

a style of 16th-century Italian art that did not follow traditional rules of painting and tried to represent an image of beauty that was perfect rather than natural:

…. is characterized by a distortion of proportions and perspective.

Answer 38

a style of 16th-century Italian art that did not follow traditional rules of painting and tried to represent an image of beauty that was perfect rather than natural:

Mannerism is characterized by a distortion of proportions and perspective.

Question 39

a strange or unusual habit, way of behaving, or feature that someone or something has:

She often cracks her knuckles when she’s speaking - it’s one of her little ….

One of the …. of this printer is that you can’t stop it once it has started.

Answer 39

a strange or unusual habit, way of behaving, or feature that someone or something has:

She often cracks her knuckles when she’s speaking - it’s one of her little idiosyncrasies.

One of the idiosyncrasies of this printer is that you can’t stop it once it has started.

Question 40

Madonna with the Long Neck

Parmigianino

Date:

Style:

Genre:

Media:

Location:

Answer 40

Madonna with the Long Neck

Parmigianino

Date: 1534 - 1540

Style: Mannerism (Late Renaissance)

Genre: religious painting

Media: oil, canvas

Location: Uffizi Gallery, Florence, Italy

Question 41

Parmigianino

Girolamo Francesco Maria Mazzola

Born:

Died:

Nationality: Italian

Art Movement: Mannerism (Late Renaissance)

Influenced by: Albrecht Durer

Answer 41

Parmigianino

Girolamo Francesco Maria Mazzola

Born: January 11, 1503; Parma, Italy

Died: August 24, 1540; Casalmaggiore, Italy

Nationality: Italian

Art Movement: Mannerism (Late Renaissance)

Painting School: Parma school

Field: painting

Influenced by: Albrecht Durer

Question 42

Explain painting narcissus

Answer 42

The painting was originally attributed to Caravaggio by Roberto Longhi in 1916.

This is one of only two known Caravaggios on a theme from Classical mythology, although this is due more to the accidents of survival than the artist’s oeuvre.

Narcissus, according to told the poet Ovid in his Metamorphoses, is a handsome youth who falls in love with his own reflection. Unable to tear himself away, he dies of his passion, and even as he crosses the Styx continues to gaze at his reflection (Metamorphoses 3:339-510).

Question 43

Narcissus

Artist:

Original Title:

Date:

Style:

Genre:

Media:

Location:

Answer 43

Narcissus

Caravaggio

Original Title: Narciso

Date: c.1599

Style: Baroque, Tenebrism

Genre: portrait

Media: oil, canvas

Location: National Gallery of Ancient Art (GNAA), Rome, Italy