Mark K Lectures 1-3

Question 1

Normal pH range

Answer 1

3.5-4.5

Question 2

Normal Bicarb range

Answer 2

22-26

Question 3

If pH and bicarb go in same direction

Answer 3

Metabolic

Question 4

If pH and bicarb go in opposite directions

Answer 4

Respiratory

Question 5

If ph goes down =

Answer 5

Acidosis

Question 6

If ph goes up =

Answer 6

Alkalosis

Question 7

What happens to pt’s body systems when ph goes up?

Answer 7

All body systems go up (except potassium)

Question 8

What happens to pt’s body systems if ph goes down?

Answer 8

Body systems go down (except for potassium)

Question 9

Which acid base imbalance do Kussmaul respirations occur with?

Answer 9

Metabolic acidosis
(MacKussmaul)

Question 10

What is Wernicke-Korsakoff Syndrome?

Answer 10

Psychosis from vit B1 deficiency (alcoholism)

Question 11

What is disulfiram used for?

Answer 11

Aversion therapy for alcoholic

Question 12

Pt teaching for disulfiram

Answer 12

Onset and duration are both 2 weeks
No alcohol

Question 13

What happens to body systems with withdrawl from uppers?

Answer 13

Body systems decrease

Question 14

What happens to body systems with withdrawl from downers?

Answer 14

Body systems increase

Question 15

What happens to a drug dependent newborn?

Answer 15

Withdrawal starts in 24 hours
Body systems go up

Question 16

What happens with alcohol withdrawl?
What type of diet?

Answer 16

Starts in 24 hr (not life threatening)
Delirium tremons may start in 72 hrs (can be fatal, threat to others, must be restrained)

Both pts need to be on clear liquid diet due to risk of seizures (bc body systems are up)

Question 17

What are aminoglycosides and what do they end with?

Answer 17

Strong antibiotics

-mycin (mean old mycin)
Not -thromycin

Question 18

Side effects of aminoglycosides

Answer 18

Ears (mickey mouse): ototoxic (hearing, tinnitus, vertigo)
Monitor creatinine (ear looks like kidney)

Question 19

Administration of aminoglycosides

Answer 19

Administered q8h (CN 8 = auditory)

Question 20

Routes for aminoglycosides

Answer 20

IM or IV
PO only to sterilize bowel

Question 21

Aminoglycosides used to sterilize bowel

Answer 21

Neomycin and Canamycin
(Neo Can sterilize my bowel)

Question 22

When is trough drawn?

Answer 22

30 min prior to next dose for all routes

Question 23

Sublingual peak

Answer 23

5-10 min after drug is dissolved

Question 24

IV peak

Answer 24

15-30 min after drug is finished running

Question 25

IM peak

Answer 25

30-60 min

Question 26

How to tell if a medication is a CCB?

Answer 26

Ends in -dipine (dipping in calcium channel) Plus Verapamil and Cardizem

Question 27

Nursing considerations for Cardizem

Answer 27

(CCB) Can be given continuous IV Must continuously monitor BP and take BP before administering If BP < 100 must be titrated Hold if systolic is <100

Question 28

Which are the lethal heart rhythms?

Answer 28

ASystole Vfib

Question 29

Treatment for PVCs?

Answer 29

Amioderone (For ventricular use amioderone)

Question 30

Treatment for Vtach?

Answer 30

Amioderone (For ventricular use amioderone)

Question 31

Treatment for atrial/supraventricular heart rhythms?

Answer 31

(Atrial use A, B, C, D) Adenosine Beta blockers (-lol) CCB Digitalis/digoxin/Lanoxin

Question 32

Treatment for Vfib

Answer 32

Defibrillation

Question 33

Treatment for asystole

Answer 33

Epi Then atropine if epi doesnt work (t in atropine looks like a cross - better pray it works)

Question 34

What should you do if there is a breakage in a chest tube?

Answer 34

Clamp Cut tube away from device Put end in sterile water Unclamp tube

Question 35

When is bubbling in a chest tube good / bad?

Answer 35

Water seal intermittent = good Water seal continuous = bad Suction control intermittent = bad Suction control continuous = good (Want continuous suction)

Question 36

Which congenital heart defects must be treated right away?

Answer 36

(TRouBLe) Right to left shunt Blue = cyanotic Tetralogy of fallout, trunkus arteriosis, TaPV, etc (all starting with T)

Question 37

What will all congenital heart defects have?

Answer 37

Murmur And will have echocardiogram done

Question 38

What are the 4 defects of tetralogy of fallot?

Answer 38

(Varied pictures of a ranch) VD = ventricular defects PS = pulmonary stenosis OA = overriding aorta RH = right hypertrophy

Question 39

What are the 4 defects of tetralogy of fallout?

Answer 39

(Varied pictures of a ranch)

Question 40

What situations would a pt be under contact precautions?

Answer 40

Anything intestinal Staph infections RSV (1-2 yr olds, is droplet but they put things in mouth) Herpes

Question 41

Requirements for contact precautions

Answer 41

Private room or cohort Gloves & gown Disposable supplies or dedicated equipment

Question 42

Which situations would a pt be under droplet precautions?

Answer 42

All meningitis H flu (epiglottitis)

Question 43

Requirements for droplet precautions

Answer 43

Private room or cohort Mask & gloves Pt wear mask when not in room Disposable supplies or dedicated equipment

Question 44

Which situations would a pt be on airborne precautions?

Answer 44

Measles, mumps, rubella TB Varicella chicken pox

Question 45

Requirements for a pt on airborne precautions

Answer 45

Private room required unless cohorting Mask & gloves Pt wear mask when not in room Negative airflow room

Question 46

Order of taking off PPE

Answer 46

Gloves Goggles Gown Mask Alphabetical order

Question 47

Order to put on PPE

Answer 47

Gown Mask Goggles Gloves put on in reverse alphabetical order but mask is 2nd