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NCLEX > Mark K Lectures 1-3 > Flashcards

Mark K Lectures 1-3 Flashcards

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1
Q

Normal pH range

A

3.5-4.5

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2
Q

Normal Bicarb range

A

22-26

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3
Q

If pH and bicarb go in same direction

A

Metabolic

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4
Q

If pH and bicarb go in opposite directions

A

Respiratory

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5
Q

If ph goes down =

A

Acidosis

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6
Q

If ph goes up =

A

Alkalosis

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7
Q

What happens to pt’s body systems when ph goes up?

A

All body systems go up (except potassium)

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8
Q

What happens to pt’s body systems if ph goes down?

A

Body systems go down (except for potassium)

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9
Q

Which acid base imbalance do Kussmaul respirations occur with?

A

Metabolic acidosis
(MacKussmaul)

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10
Q

What is Wernicke-Korsakoff Syndrome?

A

Psychosis from vit B1 deficiency (alcoholism)

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11
Q

What is disulfiram used for?

A

Aversion therapy for alcoholic

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12
Q

Pt teaching for disulfiram

A

Onset and duration are both 2 weeks
No alcohol

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13
Q

What happens to body systems with withdrawl from uppers?

A

Body systems decrease

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14
Q

What happens to body systems with withdrawl from downers?

A

Body systems increase

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15
Q

What happens to a drug dependent newborn?

A

Withdrawal starts in 24 hours
Body systems go up

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16
Q

What happens with alcohol withdrawl?
What type of diet?

A

Starts in 24 hr (not life threatening)
Delirium tremons may start in 72 hrs (can be fatal, threat to others, must be restrained)

Both pts need to be on clear liquid diet due to risk of seizures (bc body systems are up)

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17
Q

What are aminoglycosides and what do they end with?

A

Strong antibiotics

-mycin (mean old mycin)
Not -thromycin

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18
Q

Side effects of aminoglycosides

A

Ears (mickey mouse): ototoxic (hearing, tinnitus, vertigo)
Monitor creatinine (ear looks like kidney)

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19
Q

Administration of aminoglycosides

A

Administered q8h (CN 8 = auditory)

20
Q

Routes for aminoglycosides

A

IM or IV
PO only to sterilize bowel

21
Q

Aminoglycosides used to sterilize bowel

A

Neomycin and Canamycin
(Neo Can sterilize my bowel)

22
Q

When is trough drawn?

A

30 min prior to next dose for all routes

23
Q

Sublingual peak

A

5-10 min after drug is dissolved

24
Q

IV peak

A

15-30 min after drug is finished running

25
Q

IM peak

A

30-60 min

26
Q

How to tell if a medication is a CCB?

A

Ends in -dipine (dipping in calcium channel)
Plus Verapamil and Cardizem

27
Q

Nursing considerations for Cardizem

A

(CCB)
Can be given continuous IV
Must continuously monitor BP and take BP before administering
If BP < 100 must be titrated
Hold if systolic is <100

28
Q

Which are the lethal heart rhythms?

A

ASystole
Vfib

29
Q

Treatment for PVCs?

A

Amioderone
(For ventricular use amioderone)

30
Q

Treatment for Vtach?

A

Amioderone
(For ventricular use amioderone)

31
Q

Treatment for atrial/supraventricular heart rhythms?

A

(Atrial use A, B, C, D)
Adenosine
Beta blockers (-lol)
CCB
Digitalis/digoxin/Lanoxin

32
Q

Treatment for Vfib

A

Defibrillation

33
Q

Treatment for asystole

A

Epi
Then atropine if epi doesnt work
(t in atropine looks like a cross - better pray it works)

34
Q

What should you do if there is a breakage in a chest tube?

A

Clamp
Cut tube away from device
Put end in sterile water
Unclamp tube

35
Q

When is bubbling in a chest tube good / bad?

A

Water seal intermittent = good
Water seal continuous = bad

Suction control intermittent = bad
Suction control continuous = good

(Want continuous suction)

36
Q

Which congenital heart defects must be treated right away?

A

(TRouBLe)

Right to left shunt
Blue = cyanotic
Tetralogy of fallout, trunkus arteriosis, TaPV, etc (all starting with T)

37
Q

What will all congenital heart defects have?

A

Murmur
And will have echocardiogram done

38
Q

What are the 4 defects of tetralogy of fallot?

A

(Varied pictures of a ranch)
VD = ventricular defects
PS = pulmonary stenosis
OA = overriding aorta
RH = right hypertrophy

39
Q

What are the 4 defects of tetralogy of fallout?

A

(Varied pictures of a ranch)

40
Q

What situations would a pt be under contact precautions?

A

Anything intestinal
Staph infections
RSV (1-2 yr olds, is droplet but they put things in mouth)
Herpes

41
Q

Requirements for contact precautions

A

Private room or cohort
Gloves & gown
Disposable supplies or dedicated equipment

42
Q

Which situations would a pt be under droplet precautions?

A

All meningitis
H flu (epiglottitis)

43
Q

Requirements for droplet precautions

A

Private room or cohort
Mask & gloves
Pt wear mask when not in room
Disposable supplies or dedicated equipment

44
Q

Which situations would a pt be on airborne precautions?

A

Measles, mumps, rubella
TB
Varicella chicken pox

45
Q

Requirements for a pt on airborne precautions

A

Private room required unless cohorting
Mask & gloves
Pt wear mask when not in room
Negative airflow room

46
Q

Order of taking off PPE

A

Gloves
Goggles
Gown
Mask

Alphabetical order

47
Q

Order to put on PPE

A

Gown
Mask
Goggles
Gloves

put on in reverse alphabetical order but mask is 2nd

NCLEX (4 decks)

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