Marine Animals Flashcards
What were the first marine animals?
single celled organisms that used aerobic respiration
What was the oxygen revolution?
time interval when the Earth’s atmosphere and the shallow ocean first experienced a rise in the amount of oxygen
What is the phylum Porifera?
sponges
most primitive animal that is a suspension feeder and filters out food from the environment
benthic habitats
What is the phylum Cnidaria?
jellyfish, coral
radial symmetry
some have stinging abilities, don’t have complex systems and rely on diffusion of nutrients
What is the medusa body type?
jellyfish with a bell shape top and tentacles down
cnidoblasts: stinging tentacles
What is a polyp body type?
coral
sedentary and attach to rocks or burrow down
What is the difference between hermatypic and ahermatypic corals?
hermatypic coral bodies contain symbiotic dinoflagellates and prefer warmer, sunny areas
What is bleaching?
Ejection of dinoflagellates from hermatypic corals due to stress from environment
leads to weak corals that are white
What is the phylum Platyhelminthes?
flat worms (most primitive worms)
bilateral symmetry
What is the phylum nematoda?
roundworms
exist in every body of water
common parasite
What is the phylum annelida?
earthworms, most advanced worms
segmented
What is the phylum mollusca?
clams, snails, octopus, squid
shell of some sort (internal or external)
bilateral symmetry
nervous systems
What is the phylum arthropoda?
lobsters, shrimp, crabs, krill
bilateral symmetry, segmentation
most successful on the planet
What is the evolutionary advantage of striated muscle?
rapid movement
What is the phylum echidnodermata?
starfish, sea urchins, sea cucumbers
radial symmetry
water vascular system to eat and move nutrients
