Marian Society and Economy Flashcards
What long/medium term factors impacted inflation during Mary’s reign? - Marian Society/Economy
Long - rapid population increases had increased demand on food supplies, causing rises in prices.
Medium - the debasement of the coinage from 1544 and in Edward’s reign had caused prolonged inflation.
What short term factors had caused social issues during Mary’s reign? - Marian Society/Economy
Poor harvests in 1555/6 had increased strain on food supplies and generated inflation, while the ‘sweating sickness’ of 1557/8 created a major death toll.
What changes were made to the Court of Exchequer by Mary? When? - Marian Society/Economy
In 1554, the Court of Exchequer took over both the Court of First Fruits and Tenths AND the Court of Augmentations in order to improve financial administration and make it more efficient.
What mistake did Mary make with regards to subsidies? How did this benefit/cost her? - Marian Society/Economy
Mary made the error of remitting the final part of Edward’s last subsidy, meaning that a significant hole emerged in the country’s finances. However, this did greatly increase Mary’s popularity.
When did Mary introduce a new Book of Rates? What impact did this have? - Marian Society/Economy
Mary introduced a new Book of Rates in 1558, which saw her customs revenue dramatically increase.
What action did Mary take to alleviate socioeconomic pressures on the poor? - Marian Society/Economy
Mary attempted to enforce laws against grain hoarders particularly stringently, while encouragement was given to convert pasture land to tillage.
Why is it difficult to assess the impacts of Mary’s social policies? - Marian Society/Economy
Mary’s social policies are difficult to assess given the extremely rare circumstances which developed during her reign, with these making it incredibly difficult to place any blame upon her for social issues during the period.
How many men participated in Wyatt’s Rebellion? - Marian Society/Economy
3000 men participated in Wyatt’s Rebellion.
What different motives may the rebels have had to participate in Wyatt’s rebellion? - Marian Society/Economy
Wyatt’s rebellion may have been motivated by religious grievances (although this was a minor factor), xenophobia and a dislike of Mary’s choice to marry Philip of Spain due to the influence Spain may have been able to exert AND the decline of the local cloth industry which may have prompted poorer rebels to revolt to express socioeconomic grievances.
When did Wyatt’s Rebellion last from-until? - Marian Society/Economy
Wyatt’s began on the 25th January 1554, ending on the 7th February 1554.
What issue did Wyatt initially have in entering the London area? - Marian Society/Economy
Wyatt’s rebels reached the London area but were prevented from crossing London Bridge by the Crown’s forces, meaning that the rebels had to attempt to find another route into the area.
What was crucial in defusing Wyatt’s rebellion? - Marian Society/Economy
Wyatt’s rebellion was crucially stopped when they were prevented from entering the City of London by the Crown’s forces at LUDGATE, meaning that the rebellion eventually lost momentum and dispersed.
When did poor harvests occur in the reign of Mary? When did the sweating sickness occur? - Marian Society/Economy
Poor harvests occurred in 1555 and 1556. The sweating sickness struck in 1557 and 1558.
What was the value of Mary’s inherited debts? What was the value of the debts that she left? - Marian Society/Economy
Mary inherited debts of £150,000, leaving behind debts of £300,000.
By what % had agricultural wages fallen up by Mary’s reign in the previous 50 years? - Marian Society/Economy
By Mary’s reign, agricultural wages had fallen by 60% in the previous 50 years.
