Marcomolecules Flashcards
What are the four macromolecules
Carbohydrate, lipid, proteins, nucleic acid
2 types of nucleic acids
DNA and RNA
Proteins function
Structural, defensive, enzymes, transport, energy, communication
Function of amino acid
Consumed through food and synthesized by the body
What is a lipid?
Hydrophobic molecules that are insoluble in water
What is lipid function
Energy storage, structure, protection, communication
4 major groups of lipids
Triglycerides, phospholipids, steroids, waxes
What structure is protein
Primary structure
Two types of carbohydrates
Simple and complex (monosaccharide and disaccharide: polysaccharide)
What is a carbohydrate
Sugars that store energy like glucose, starch ect
Disaccharide
“Ose” ending, two monosaccharides joined
Monosaccharide
Single sugar made up of 3-7 carbons
Polysaccharide
Used for energy storage, used for structure, glycogen (animals) and starch (plants)
What is a triglyceride
Fats and oils (lipids)
What is the carbohydrates molecule ratio
1(carbon):2(hydrogen):1(oxygen)
Simple sugar, what saccharides?
Mono and di
Complex carbohydrate, what saccharide?
Poly
What are proteins made of?
Long chains or amino acids
What is amino acids made of
Amino group, carboxyl group and r group
How are amino acids linked together
By peptide bonds
What structure is amino acid
Primary
What is polypeptide structure
Tertiary
Protein structure
Many proteins create quaternary, basic structure is tertiary
Parts or phospholipids
Fatty acids and glycerol
Steroids function
Testosterone and estrogen
Waxes
Outside of plants, earwax, protection
Nucleic acid function
Genetic information, protein synthesis
Difference between dna and rna
DNA has deoxyribose and forms helix and rna had ribose and is single stranded
