March Mock Flashcards
rate of reaction
The change in concentration of a reactant or product with time
0 order
Change in concentration of reactant has no effect on the rate
1st order
Concentration directly proportional to rate e.g. if you double the concentration of a reactant that’s first order the rate doubles
2nd order
Concentration is proportional to the square of the rate e.g. if the concentration is doubled (x2) the reaction rate increases by a factor of 2^2=4, or if concentration x3, the rate increases by 3^2=9
initial rate of reaction
the change in concentration of a reactant or product per unit time at the start of a reaction when time= 0
Order
The power to which the concentration is raised to in the rate equation
Overall order
The sum of individual orders
Half-life
Of a reactant is the time for the concentration to reduce by half
Rate-determining step
The slowest step in the reaction mechanism of a multistep reaction
Intermediate
A species formed in one step of a multistep reaction, that is used up in a subsequent step, and is not seen as either a reactant or product of the overall equation
E.g. H2 + 2ICl —> I2 + 2HCl
Rate= k[H2][ICl]
The slow step : H2 + ICl —> HI + HCl
Homogenous equilibrium
Where all reactants and products are the same state e.g. all gases
Heterogenous equilibrium
All reactants and products are more than one state
