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Psych UWORLD > march 28 > Flashcards

march 28 Flashcards

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1
Q

what is avoidant/restrictive food intake disorder?

A

dislike of eating due to the sensory experience or a fear of consequences of eating (choking, vomiting)

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2
Q

does increasing the afterload increase or decrease the murmur of HOCM?

A

decreases it (increases LV volume which decreases the intensity of the murmur)

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3
Q

what are the two types of breath holding spells?

A

cyanotic

pallid

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4
Q

what triggers a pallid breath holding spell?

A

usually occur after minor trauma (from pain or fear -> slowed heart rate)

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5
Q

what causes a cyanotic breath holding spell?

A

vigorous crying -> breathholding -> LOC

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6
Q

how do you calculate a corrected sodium level in a patient with DKA?

A

observed sodium + 2x mEq/L for every 100mg/dL glucose they are over 100 mg/dL

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7
Q

what kind of saline should a patient with DKA receive?

A

isotonic (0.9%)

-even if they have hyponatremia it may be pseudohyponatremia

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8
Q

how do you assess respiratory function in a patient with GBS who is stable?

A

monitor via spirometry

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9
Q

A patient with GBS undergoes spirometry to monitor lung function. When you should intubate?

A

If their FVC declines to less than 20 mL/kg

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10
Q

clinical features of eosinophilic esophagitus?

A
  • dysphagia
  • chest/epigastric pain
  • reflux/vomiting
  • food impaction
  • associated atopy
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11
Q

what causes the leukopenia and thrombocytopenia in a patient with SLE?

A

immune mediated destruction (autoantibodies)

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12
Q

what acid base disturbance is commonly seen in laxative abuse?

A

metabolic alkalosis

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13
Q

findings on colonoscopy from laxative abuse?

A

melanosis coli

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14
Q

what is melanosis coli?

A

dark brown discolouration of the colon with pale patches that occurs from laxative abuse

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15
Q

path of drug induced immune mediated hemolytic anemia?

A

Drug coats erythrocytes -> igG binding -> splenic destruction of RBCs

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16
Q

when can a baby start rolling?

A

4-6 months

17
Q

what murmur is common in ankylosing spondylitis?

A

aortic regurgitation

18
Q

what is a framing bias?

A

when a diagnositc approach is influenced by context & presentation of information (influenced by previous notes)

19
Q

what is critic illness neuropathy?

A

neuropathy that occurs after severe sepsis and presents with severe, diffuse, symmetric muscle weakness

20
Q

why may secretory diarrhea occur after bowel resection?

A

this can result in unabsorbed bile acids reaching the colon, which then directly stimulate luminal ion channels

21
Q

which cells degenerate in amylotropic lateral sclerosis?

A

UMNs (in the primary motor cortex) and LMNs (in the anterior horn)

22
Q

where does the degeneration occur in poliomyelitis?

A

anterior horn cells

23
Q

A patient is given D-xylose and his urinary excretion is low, what does this mean?

A

The patient was unable to absorb the d-xylose across the intestinal wall (where it would then get excreted in the urine)

24
Q

What diseases results in low d-xylose absorbtion (and thus urine levels)?

A

celiac disease

25
Q

what can cause a false POSITIVE d-xylose absorption test?

A
  • small intestinal bacterial overgrowth (ferment the dxylose before its absorbed)
  • impaired glomerular filtration
  • delayed gastric emptying
26
Q

what is imipramine?

A

TCA

27
Q

can a single negative fecal occult blood test completely rule out GI bleeding?

A

no

28
Q

treatment of viral (or idiopathic) pericarditis?

A

NSAIDS + colchicine

29
Q

in which patients with viral pericarditis do you treat with steroids?

A

if the patient has an NSAID contraindication or the colcichine/NSAID therapy fails

30
Q

most common cause of erysipalas?

A

strep pyogenes (group A streptococcus)

31
Q

what is a choroid plexus papilloma?

A

a rare, benign, slow growing choroid plexus tumour that produces CSF

32
Q

treatment of a symptomatic choroid plexus papilloma?

A

resection (they rarely recur)

33
Q

what is tacchycardia mediated cardiomyopathy?

A

when chronic tacycardia (could be from afib, flutter, ventricular tacchycardia, etc) results in structural changes in the heart (and myocardial dysfunction)

34
Q

how do you treat tacchycardia medated cardiomyopathy?

A

rate and rhythym control - potentially reversible

35
Q

path of huntingtons disease?

A

loss of GABAergic neurons in the caudate and putamen

36
Q

which bone tumour has a moth eaten appearance?

A

ewing sarcoma

37
Q

onion skinning is characteristic of which bone tumour?

A

ewing sarcoma

38
Q

how long should most antidepressants be discontinued before starting an MAOi?

A

2 weeks (to prevent serotonin syndrome)

39
Q

how long must fluoxatine be stopped before starting an MAOi?

A

5 weeks (long half life)

Psych UWORLD (8 decks)

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