March 2013 FINAL Flashcards
Which artery passes over the corpus callosum?
A. Posterior cerebral
B. Basilar
C. Middle cerebral
D. Anterior cerebral
D. anterior cerebral
The vestibulospinal tract is composed of fibres derived from the:
A. superior vestibular nucleus
B. inferior vestibular nucleus
C. medial vestibular nucleus
D. lateral vestibular nucleus
D. lateral vestibular nucleus
What part of the internal capsule lies between the head of the caudate nucleus and putamen?
A. anterior limb
B. genu
C. posterior limb
D. retrolenticular limb
A. anterior limb
Grey matter in the midbrain is a?
A. nucleus
B. tract
C. lemniscus
D. ganglion
A. nucleus
Which is a stretch receptor?
A. muscle spindle
B. Golgi tendon organ
C. Merkel cell
D. follicular
A. muscle spindle
What is NOT part of the auditory pathway?
A. superior colliculus
B. superior olivary nucleus
C. transverse temporal gyrus
D. lateral lemniscus
A. superior colliculus
Which of the following should be at low concentration in cerebral spinal fluid?
A. potassium
B. sodium
C. chloride
D. protein
D. protein
The neurons in the intermediolateral nucleus of S2-S4 are:
A. preganglionic sympathetic
B. interneurons
C. alpha motor
D. preganglionic parasympathetic
D. preganglionic parasympathetic
The corneal reflex involves which cranial nerve pathway?
A. CN X afferent and N IX efferent
B. CN VIII afferent and CN VI efferent
C. CN II afferent and CN III efferent
D. CN V afferent and CN VII efferent
D. CN V afferent and CN VII efferent
Which structure is not involved with motor movement?
A. Cerebellum
B. basal ganglia
C. precentral gyrus
D. lingual gyrus
D. lingual gyrus
What receptor is stimulated by excessive contraction of a muscle?
A. muscle spindle (secondary afferent)
B. free nerve endings at the joint
C. golgi tendon organ
D. muscle spindle (primary afferent)
C. golgi tendon organ
Intention tremor may be caused by a lesion in?
A. amygdala
B. pretectal area
C. cerebellum
D. substantia nigra compacta
C. cerebellum
Where do the axons of the olfactory nerves synapse with other neurons?
A. in the olfactory epithelium
B. in the entorhinal cortex
C. in the glomeruli of the olfactory bulb
D. in the uncus
C. in the glomeruli of the olfactory bulb
Ascending fibres of the medial longitudinal fasciculus (MLF) end in the:
A. cochlear nuclei
B. vestibular nuclei
C. oculomotor nuclei
D. superior olivary nuclei
C. oculomotor nuclei
Normally, both pupils respond with constriction when a light is shone into either eye. Identify a lesion in which, when a light is shone onto the right retina, the left pupil responds but the right does not.
A. transection of the left optic tract
B. transection of the let oculomotor nerve
C. transection of the right oculomotor nerve
D. transection of the right optic nerve
C. transection of the right oculomotor nerve
The functional component of parasympathetic neurons is:
A. GSE
B. GVA
C. GVE
D. GSA
C. GVE
The cerebral cortex can have up to ____ laminae (layers)
A. 6
B. 24
C. 12
D. 18
A. 6
What is the reward centre of the brain?
A. basal forebrain
B. amygdala
C. hippocampus
D. septal nucleus
D. septal nucleus
The olfactory tract contains the axons of which cells?
A. granule cells
B. olfactory receptor cells
C. mitral cells
D. periglomerular cells
C. mitral cells
Motor fibres extend down the ____ surface of the brainstems:
A. dorsal
B. ventricular
C. ventral
D. lateral
C. ventral
Excess movement (eg. ballisumus) is an example of a(n) _____ disorder:
A. bradykinetic
B. hyperkinetic
C. akinetic
D. hypokinetic
B. Hyperkinetic
The rostral boundary of the inter ventricular foramen is formed by the:
A. superior cerebellar peduncle
B. anterior commissure
C. column of the fornix
D. crus of the fornix
C. column of the fornix
What is the most common basal ganglia disorder?
A. hemiballism
B. Distonia
C. Parkinson’s Disease
D. Huntington’s disease
C. Parkinson’s Disease
Parallel fibres come from which of the following?
A. inferior olivary nucleus
B. precerebellar nuclei
C. purkinje fibres
D. granule cells
D. granule cells
Which structure is supplied by the hypoglossal nerve?
A. free nerve endings, mucosa of the tongue
B. taste buds, posterior third of the tongue
C. hyoglossus muscle
D. stylopharyngeus muscle
C. hyoglossus muscle
The visual pathway goes through which thalamic nucleus?
A. anterior nucleus
B. lateral geniculate nucleus
C. intralaminar nuclei
D. medial geniculate nucleus
B. lateral geniculate nucleus
Climbing fibres in the cerebellum originate from the _____?
A. red nucleus
B. lateral cuneate nucleus
C. gracilis and cuneate nuclei
D. inferior olivary nucleus
D. inferior olivary nucleus
Which type of neurone is found in a dorsal root ganglion?
A. bipolar
B. multipolar
C. pseudounipolar
D. fusiform
C. pseudounipolar
Where is the olive?
A. medulla
B. pons
C. midbrain
D. cerebellum
A. medulla
What is the most rostral part of the central nervous system?
A. pons
B. diencephalon
C. medulla
D. telencephalon
D. telencephalon
The term strionigral fibres could be used to refer to the fibres that project from the _____?
A. globus pallidus to the substantial nigra
B. substantia nigra to the putamen
C. subthalamic nucleus to the substantial nigra
D. caudate/ putamen to the substantial nigra
D. caudate/ putamen to the substantial nigra
Which structure acts as a relay station in the central nervous system?
A. thalamus
B. temporalis
C. occipital lobe
D. pituitary gland
A. thalamus
The cerebellum is an outgrowth of which embryonic brain vesicle?
A. metencephalon
B. prosencephalon
C. diencephalon
D. mesencephalon
A. metencephalon
The inner (direct) loop of the basal ganglia motor pathway DOES NOT include which structure?
A. thalamus
B. subthalamus
C. striatum
D. globus pallidus
B. subthalamus
The extrapyramidal motor system includes _____?
A. basal ganglia
B. cerebellum
C. both
D. neither
C. both
Which contains descending upper motor fibres?
A. cerebral peduncle
B. internal capsule
C. pyramid
D. all of the above
D. all of the above
The lamina of rexed (spinal lamina of the grey matter) that collectively form the posterior horn of the spinal cord are?
A. II - VII
B. I - VI
C. I, II
D. I - V
B. I - VI
Which glial cell aides the metabolic processes of neurons in the CNS?
A. Schwann cell
B. ependymal cell
C. microglia
D. astrocytes
D. astrocytes
Which is a part of the telencephalon?
A. metathalamus
B. caudate nucleus
C. subthalamus
D. epithalamus
B. caudate nucleus
A follicular receptor is a type of:
A. proprioceptor
B. mechanoreceptor
C. nocioceptor
D. thermoceptor
B. mechanoreceptor
The conus medullar is of the spinal cord ends at about what vertebral level?
A. fifth lumbar
B. second lumbar
C. second sacral
D. first coccygeal
B. second lumbar
Which thalamus nucleus is part of the pathway involved in the perception of pain originating in the face?
A. mediodorsal
B. ventral lateral
C. ventral posterior medial
D. ventral posterior lateral
C. ventral posterior medial
What lobe contains the somatosensory cortex?
A. parietal
B. frontal
C. limbic
D. occipital
A. parietal
The fornix originates in the ____ and ends in the ____?
A. dentate gyrus, CA3
B. fimbria of the hippocampus, mammillary bodies
C. CA1, CA3
D. entorhinal cortex, dentate gyrus
B. fimbria of the hippocampus, mammillary bodies
The CSF is present in the ____?
A. subarachnoid space
B. emissary veins
C. subdural space
D. epidural space
A. subarachnoid space
Proprioceptive sensation of the upper limb is carried by which tract?
A. anterior spinothalamic
B. cuneate
C. gracile
D. lateral spinothalamic
B. cuneate
Which is NOT a characteristic of a neuromuscular junction?
A. The muscle fibre has a folded membrane
B. The membranes of the muscle fibre and axon are touching
C. The axon has an enlarged ending
D. A transmitter is released from the axon
B. The membranes of the muscle fibre and axon are touching
The hypothalamus is associated with ____?
A. limbic system
B. autonomic nervous system
C. endocrine system
D. all of the above
D. all of the above
The following statements concerning the sensory input of the glossopharyngeal nerve are correct EXCEPT:
A. Impulses from the carotid body end in the nucleus of the solitary tract
B. Impulses from the carotid sinus end in the nucleus of the tractus solitarius and are connected to the dorsal motor nucleus of the vagus nerve
C. Lesions of the sensory input result in loss of taste sensation on the pharyngeal wall
D. The sensory nucleus receives the sensations of taste from the anterior one-third of the tongue
D. The sensory nucleus receives the sensations of taste from the anterior one-third of the tongue
The Ascending Reticular Activating System (ARAS) controls which reticular function?
A. control of breathing
B. awareness
C. modulating muscle ton
D. sensation of pain
B. awareness
