mapping GIS data

Question 1

HSV

Answer 1

hue, saturation, and value, method for discussing the use of color in portraying features on a map

Question 2

hue

Answer 2

shade of color via wavelength of light

Question 3

saturation

Answer 3

intensity of color represented as a percentage

Question 4

value

Answer 4

light or dark represented as a percentage

Question 5

alpha

Answer 5

opacity of a color used with HSV or RGB method

Question 6

divergent color set

Answer 6

can show variation around a significant middle value, a multi color gradient

Question 7

connotation

Answer 7

emotional impact associated with a specific color or symbol, culturally specific

Question 8

nominal data

Answer 8

name or identify objects portrayed by labels

Question 9

categorical data

Answer 9

separate features into groups or classes stored as text or codes, represented by a unique values map

Question 10

ordinal data

Answer 10

categories ranked by some quantitative measure represented by unique values maps or graduated color maps

Question 11

quantitative data

Answer 11

phenomena that fall on a regularly spaced interval like rainfall or distance

Question 12

ratio data

Answer 12

has a meaningful 0 point indicating absence

Question 13

interval data

Answer 13

no meaningful 0 point, anything with negative values, do not support multiplication or division

Question 14

classified maps

Answer 14

show quantitative data arranged in classes with specific ranges

Question 15

graduated symbol maps

Answer 15

show quantitative point or line data with increasing symbol size using classes

Question 16

proportional symbol map

Answer 16

show quantitative point or line data with increasing symbol size with no classes

Question 17

graduated color/choropleth maps

Answer 17

show quantitative polygon data using colors with varying saturation or value

Question 18

modifiable arial unit problem (MAUP)

Answer 18

occurs when measurements are being aggregated over arbitrarily defined areas, solved by normalizing data or dot density maps

Question 19

normalize data

Answer 19

divide each value by a specified variable to avoid MAUP and standardize the data

Question 20

dot density map

Answer 20

uses randomly placed dots inside each polygon to show the magnitude of a value in the attribute table

Question 21

chart map

Answer 21

shows multiple attributes using graduated symbols of pie or bar graphs

Question 22

bivariate choropleth map

Answer 22

shows multiple attributes of two numeric variables with multiple colors

Question 23

thematic raster

Answer 23

shows features or quantities with the stretched display method or the classified display method

Question 24

classified display method

Answer 24

divides values into a small number of bins

Question 25

stretched display method

Answer 25

scales image values to a color ramp with 256 shades

Question 26

Tobler’s law

Answer 26

geographic values close to each other tend to be more similar than those further apart

Question 27

image raster

Answer 27

include aerial photography and satellite data as RGB composite

Question 28

color map

Answer 28

a restricted set of colors stored as RGB proportions using less space than general RGB

Question 29

classification

Answer 29

classifying a range of data into a smaller number of groups each of which can be represented

Question 30

jenks method

Answer 30

set of class breaks at naturally occurring gaps in the data, good for unevenly distributed data

Question 31

equal interval classification

Answer 31

divides values into a specified number of classes with equal size, good for ratio data

Question 32

defined interval classification

Answer 32

user specifies the size of class interval so the number of classes depends on the range of values, good for desired breaks

Question 33

quantile classification

Answer 33

puts about the same number of features in each class, best for uniformly distributed data

Question 34

geometric interval

Answer 34

bases class intervals on a geometric series in which each class is multiplied by a constant coefficient, good for continuous data

Question 35

standard deviation

Answer 35

apportions values based on statistics of the field, best for normally distributed data

Question 36

source data

Answer 36

original data on which a layer is based

Question 37

layer properties

Answer 37

info in the layer such as symbols or feature labels

Question 38

layer file

Answer 38

stores the location of the referenced data set and the layer properties

Question 39

style

Answer 39

a set of symbols with a related theme