mapping GIS data Flashcards

1
Q

HSV

A

hue, saturation, and value, method for discussing the use of color in portraying features on a map

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2
Q

hue

A

shade of color via wavelength of light

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3
Q

saturation

A

intensity of color represented as a percentage

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4
Q

value

A

light or dark represented as a percentage

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5
Q

alpha

A

opacity of a color used with HSV or RGB method

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6
Q

divergent color set

A

can show variation around a significant middle value, a multi color gradient

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7
Q

connotation

A

emotional impact associated with a specific color or symbol, culturally specific

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8
Q

nominal data

A

name or identify objects portrayed by labels

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9
Q

categorical data

A

separate features into groups or classes stored as text or codes, represented by a unique values map

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10
Q

ordinal data

A

categories ranked by some quantitative measure represented by unique values maps or graduated color maps

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11
Q

quantitative data

A

phenomena that fall on a regularly spaced interval like rainfall or distance

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12
Q

ratio data

A

has a meaningful 0 point indicating absence

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13
Q

interval data

A

no meaningful 0 point, anything with negative values, do not support multiplication or division

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14
Q

classified maps

A

show quantitative data arranged in classes with specific ranges

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15
Q

graduated symbol maps

A

show quantitative point or line data with increasing symbol size using classes

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16
Q

proportional symbol map

A

show quantitative point or line data with increasing symbol size with no classes

17
Q

graduated color/choropleth maps

A

show quantitative polygon data using colors with varying saturation or value

18
Q

modifiable arial unit problem (MAUP)

A

occurs when measurements are being aggregated over arbitrarily defined areas, solved by normalizing data or dot density maps

19
Q

normalize data

A

divide each value by a specified variable to avoid MAUP and standardize the data

20
Q

dot density map

A

uses randomly placed dots inside each polygon to show the magnitude of a value in the attribute table

21
Q

chart map

A

shows multiple attributes using graduated symbols of pie or bar graphs

22
Q

bivariate choropleth map

A

shows multiple attributes of two numeric variables with multiple colors

23
Q

thematic raster

A

shows features or quantities with the stretched display method or the classified display method

24
Q

classified display method

A

divides values into a small number of bins

25
stretched display method
scales image values to a color ramp with 256 shades
26
Tobler's law
geographic values close to each other tend to be more similar than those further apart
27
image raster
include aerial photography and satellite data as RGB composite
28
color map
a restricted set of colors stored as RGB proportions using less space than general RGB
29
classification
classifying a range of data into a smaller number of groups each of which can be represented
30
jenks method
set of class breaks at naturally occurring gaps in the data, good for unevenly distributed data
31
equal interval classification
divides values into a specified number of classes with equal size, good for ratio data
32
defined interval classification
user specifies the size of class interval so the number of classes depends on the range of values, good for desired breaks
33
quantile classification
puts about the same number of features in each class, best for uniformly distributed data
34
geometric interval
bases class intervals on a geometric series in which each class is multiplied by a constant coefficient, good for continuous data
35
standard deviation
apportions values based on statistics of the field, best for normally distributed data
36
source data
original data on which a layer is based
37
layer properties
info in the layer such as symbols or feature labels
38
layer file
stores the location of the referenced data set and the layer properties
39
style
a set of symbols with a related theme