Map scales and projections Flashcards
What five pieces of information do almost all maps contain?
A title, an indicator of direction, a scale, a legend and a date.
What is the cartographic scale (map scale)?
The ratio between the size of objects in the real world and their representation on the map.
What is a scale?
Ratio of map units to ground units
What is a topographic map?
It is a map that shows the surface features or topography, of an area. Shows natural features and some features made by people. Also show elevation.
What is elevation?
Elevation is the height of any feature above the surface of the sea. The elevation at sea level is 0m.
What are contour lines?
Contour lines are lines on a map that connect points with the same elevation, contour lines are used to show elevation on a topographic map, each contour line on a map shows a different elevation.
How is a steep slope shown?
When the contour lines that are close together.
How is a gentle slope shown?
When the contour lines that are far apart show a gentle slope.
How are valley, streams and the tops of hills and depressions shown using contour lines?
Contour lines that cross a valley or stream are V-shaped. The V points toward the area of higher elevation, or upstream.
The tops of hills, mountains, and depressions (dips) are shown by closed circles.
What are contour intervals?
The difference in elevation between one contour line and the next.
What is relief?
The difference in elevation between the highest and lowest points in the area on the area.
How do you measure the percent slope?
Slope= VD/HD or Rise/ Run
VD or RISE- Vertical distance
HD or RUN- Horizontal distance measured with the ruler on a map from one point to the other.
What is a map projection?
A map projection is a method used to illustrate a three-dimensional globe (Earth), or part thereof, onto a two-dimensional flat surface (map) using mathematical models and grid system of latitude and longitude.
What are the four main kinds of map projections?
Cylindrical
Conic
Azimuthal
Equal area projections
What is cylindrical projection?
A cylindrical projection is produced when one wraps a paper in a cylinder around the globe.
