MAP HW #13 - Articulations and Body Movements Flashcards
The prefix ____ means with, together, or like.
Syn-
The prefix ____ means on both sides, of both kinds.
Amphi-
The prefix ____ means axis.
Axi-
The prefix _____ means joint.
Athr-
The prefix ___ means before, in front of, or projecting.
Pro-
When a child juts her chin forward stubbornly, she is demonstrating the action of _____ of the jaw.
Protraction
An immovable joint held together with hyaline cartilage is categorized as a(n) _______ joint.
Synchondrosis
A joint that is only slightly moveable is classified as a(n) _____ joint.
Amphiathroses
The elbow is an example of a _____ joint, which functions in one plane.
Unaxial
Inflammation of a joint broadly describes all types of _____.
Arthritis
The glenoid labrum can become torn from overuse or direct injury to the shoulder joint. Considering the function of the glenoid labrum, describe some of the consequences of a large tear in the glenoid labrum.
(a) “Popping” or “catching” of the shoulder can result because a torn glenoid labrum is unable to hold the humerus tightly against the glenoid cavity.
(b) Tears in the glenoid labrum could lead to decreased range of motion at the elbow because the biceps brachii tendon attaches to the glenoid labrum.
(c) Tears in the glenoid labrum can lead to shoulder dislocation because the glenoid cavity is very shallow without the glenoid labrum to stabilize the humerus.
(d) All of the answers are correct
All of the answers are correct
A physician diagnoses you with “olecranon bursitis.” Predict the location and cause of the swelling that you are experiencing.
Olecranon bursitis occurs superficial to the olecranon process at the proximal end of the ulna. It is most often caused by trauma and inflammation of the bursa sac
The menisci in the knee joint can be torn for a variety of reasons. Considering the structure of the menisci, would you expect these tears to heal on their own? Why or why not?
Menisci tears do NOT heal on their own because the menisci are composed of fibrocartilage and do not have an extensive blood supply.
Movement of a limb away from the midline or median plane of the body in the frontal plane is known as __________.
Abduction
The functional classification of joints is based on __________.
Amount of movement allowed by the joint.
Sutures, which have their irregular edges of bone joined by short fibers of connective tissue, are an example of __________ joints.
Fibrous
TRUE/FALSE: All synovial joints are diarthroses, or freely movable joints.
True
Structural classification of joints includes fibrous, cartilaginous, and _______, which have a fluid-filled cavity between articulating bones.
Synovial
The hip joint is an example of a __________ synovial joint.
Ball-and-socket
This type of movement is common in ball-and-socket joints and can be described as the movement of a bone around its longitudinal axis. It is __________.
Rotation
The knee joint is the most freely movable joint in the body.
False
Every muscle of the body is attached to a bone or other connective tissue structure at two points. The __________ is the more movable attachment.
Insertion
The structural classification of joints is based on ________.
The type of connective tissue between the articulating bones
Using the structural classification of joints, the shoulder is a ________ joint.
Synovial
Using the functional classification of joints, the intervertebral joint between bodies of adjacent vertebrae is a(n) ________ joint.
Amphiarthrotic (slightly moveable)
The articular cartilage in synovial joints best resembles ________.
Hyaline cartilage
When a joint can move in only one body plane, it is called a ________ joint.
Uniaxial
Which kinds of synovial joints can move in two (and only two) planes of the body?
Condyloid
Which of these joints moves in only two planes?
Metacarpophalangeal
Which statement is true about synovial joints?
(a) ball and socket joints are multiaxial
(b) condyloid joints are uniaxial
(c) pivot joints are biaxial
(d) hinge joints are biaxial
Ball and socket joints are multiaxial
Muscles are strung across joints and can therefore move them. The insertion of a muscle ________.
Moves toward the origin during contraction
Flexion and extension are usually movements in the ________ plane(s) of the body.
Sagittal
Movement of the upper limb away from the trunk is called ________.
Abduction
Pronation and supination are movements of the ________.
(a) the palm of the hand
(b) shoulder
(c) elbow
(d) head
Palm of the hand
You are asked to demonstrate plantar flexion. To do this, you must move your ________.
Ankle
This structure contributes to the stability of the hip joint.
Acetabular labrum
