MAP 1 Flashcards
The body’s internal environment is separated into compartments by barriers (including epithelial barriers) that may or may not allow for molecular movement from one compartment to another. Which of the following terms most accurately describes these membranes?
Semipermeable or selectively permeable
Which of the following molecule types is NOT a polymer? A. protein B. RNA C. glycogen D. fatty acid E. DNA
D. fatty acid
In the digestive tract, absorption is controlled by mechanisms on the cell's apical membrane surface. What type of physical barriers would be in place to keep these mechanisms from being circumnavigated? A. gap junctions B. desmosomes C. tight junctions D. microvilli E. carrier proteins
C. tight junctions
Effectors bring about a final response in a negative feedback loop.
True
Which of the following is NOT a function of nucleotides?
Which of the following is NOT a function of nucleotides?
A. providing substrates for the citric acid cycle
B. storing the genetic code
C. providing most of the energy for cellular processes
D. expressing the genetic code
E. providing electrons to the electron transport chain
A. providing substrates for the citric acid cycle
The presence of \_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_ chemical groups makes carbohydrates \_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_. A. hydroxyl : nonpolar B. hydroxyl : polar C. carboxyl : polar and acidic D. amino : polar E. amino : acidic
B. hydroxyl : polar
When blood glucose levels are high…
The pancreas releases insulin
A liver cell responds to insulin by…
Taking in glucose and converting it to glycogen
What cells in the body respond to glucagon by breaking down glycogen and releasing glucose?
Liver cells
Body cells that respond to insulin include…
Liver cells, as well as most other cells of the body
When blood glucose levels are low…
The pancreas releases glucagon, which eventually causes blood glucose levels to increase
The body’s tendency to maintain relatively constant internal conditions is called
Homeostasis
Thermoregulation in the body is an example of __________.
Negative feedback
If thermoregulation is a feedback process, then the proper temperature set point is primarily controlled by the __________. It is also this location that will try to maintain the body at its set point.
Integrating center
The __________ for body temperature control is also known as the __________; its location is in the __________.
Integrating center; thermoregulatory center; brain
Generically, a homeostatic system should consist of at least __________ components.
3
Both heat exhaustion and heat stroke involve a(n) __________ to dissipate (get rid of) enough heat from the human body.
Inability
The main difference between heat exhaustion and heat stroke is that heat stroke involves a(n) __________.
Improper functioning of the thermoregulatory system, most importantly the integrating center
A normal adult, maintaining a normal body temperature, would temporarily experience a __________, if some microorganism were to enter the body and suddenly cause the body to inappropriately (non-homeostatically) reset its proper temperature set point to a higher level, like 105°.
Chill
A healthy individual subjected to extreme environmental heat will get rid of heat by __________ to the skin and __________.
Vasodilating (opening) blood vessels; sweating
One __________ that can distinguish heat exhaustion from heat stroke is that in heat exhaustion the person is still sweating.
Sign
In the case of heat stroke, one emergency treatment is to __________.
Immerse the person in an ice bath
The innermost compartment of a mitochondrion is called the matrix.
True
The bulk of ATP production is performed where?
Mitochondria
