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C2 chemistry > manufacturing chemicals > Flashcards

manufacturing chemicals Flashcards

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1
Q

what is the formula for ammonia?

A

NH3

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2
Q

how do we get nitrogen and hydrogen for ammonia?

A

nitrogen-air

hydrogen-natural gas or cracking oil fraction

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3
Q

what is used to make nitrogen react?

A

iron catalyst

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4
Q

what is the formula for making ammonia?

A

nitrogen+hydrogen=ammonia

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5
Q

what does it mean if a reaction can be reversed?

A

reversible reaction

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6
Q

what is the symbol equation for making ammonia?

A

n2+3h2—2nh3

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7
Q

what is the process that uses nitrogen?

A

the haber process

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8
Q

what do all crops need?

A

nitrogen

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9
Q

what is needed in the haber process to make it most efficient?`

A

iron catalyst
high pressure of 2000 atmospheres
450 degrees
a recycling system``

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10
Q

why is there a recycling system in the haber process?

A

not all the nitrogen and hydrogen react, so they are sent back into the reaction vessel

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11
Q

what does it mean if the reaction is reversible?

A

it cannot be 100 per cent

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12
Q

what does a high pressure do?

A

increase percentage yield

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13
Q

what does the high temperature do?

A

decreases crop yield

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14
Q

what does 450 degrees do?

A

yield is made faster at optimum level

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15
Q

what do catalysts?

A

they make reaction go faster

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16
Q

what affects the cost of making ammonia?

A 
building the plant
labour
chemicals
energy
catalyst (how fast its being made)
17
Q

what is ammonia used for?

A

over 80 per cent of all ammonia
nitric acid which goes into fertilisers
household cleaner

18
Q

what is bad about having a high pressure?

A

makes it work better but pipes and fittings have to be made from stronger steel

19
Q

what increases energy cost?

A

a higher temperature and more fuel

20
Q

what is bad about reducing pollution?

A

it costs

21
Q

what are antipollution laws?

A

mean that the chemicals cost a little bit more

22
Q

why is a low yield acceptable?

A

if the daily output of the product is high enough

23
Q

what is needed to make ammonia go through the pipes?

A

compressors and pumps

C2 chemistry (12 decks)

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