construction materials

Question 1

what material is used in buildings?

Answer 1

stone such as limestone, marble and granite

Question 2

what are stone buildings usually made from?

Answer 2

limestone

Question 3

why is limestone better

Answer 3

easier to cut into blocks than marble or granite

Question 4

explain marble

Answer 4

hard

Question 5

explain granite

Answer 5

harder still and very difficult to shape

Question 6

what is stone used for?

Answer 6

an attractive front

Question 7

what are large structures made form?

Answer 7

a steel frame or reinforced concrete

Question 8

what can walls be made from?

Answer 8

brick, concrete aluminium or glass

Question 9

what are the 5 raw materials, and what can they be to make?

Answer 9

clay-brick, limestone and clay-cement, -sand-glass, iron ore-iron, aluminium ore-aluminium

Question 10

what are the 3 types of rocks?

Answer 10

igenous, sedimentary, metamorphic

Question 11

give an example of igneous rock and explain its hardness

Answer 11

granite is very hard

Question 12

give an example of metemorphic rock

Answer 12

marble is not as hard as granite

Question 13

give an example of sedimentary rock

Answer 13

limestone if the softest

Question 14

how is igneous rock formed?

Answer 14

out of liquid rock that cools and forms interlocking crystals as it solidifies

Question 15

what is metamorphic rock?

Answer 15

rock that has been changed

Question 16

why is metamorphic rock harder?

Answer 16

because it has been subjected to heat and pressure in the earths crust, which makes it harder

Question 17

what is sedimentary rock made of?

Answer 17

fragments that have settled into layers

Question 18

how was limestone formed?

Answer 18

form shells of dead sea creatures that have stuck together

Question 19

what are marble and limestone forms of?

Answer 19

calcium carbonate

Question 20

what happens when calcium carbonate is heated?

Answer 20

it thermally decomposers to form calcium carbonate and carbon dioxide

Question 21

how do you make concrete?

Answer 21

mix cement, sand, aggregate with water and allow it to set

Question 22

what is bad about quarries?

Answer 22

dust pollution, damaged landscape, noise, lorries

Question 23

what can they be used as afterwards?

Answer 23

filled in with grass, used as rubbish tip then cover with soil, as a lake or pond for fishing or sailing

Question 24

what is the equation for calcium carbonate decomposing?

Answer 24

calcium carbonate — calcium oxide + carbon dioxide

Question 25

what is thermal decomposition?

Answer 25

the chemical breakdown of a compound into at least two other compounds in the effect of heat

Question 26

how is cement made?

Answer 26

limestone is heated with clay

Question 27

how is mortar made?

Answer 27

cement mixed with sand and water

Question 28

what is mortar used for?

Answer 28

sticking bricks together but its not strong enough to use on its own

Question 29

what is reinforced concrete?

Answer 29

concrete that has steel rods going through it to make it stronger

Question 30

what happens if you put heavy weights on concrete?

Answer 30

it bends slightly

Question 31

what is good about steel?

Answer 31

its flexible and is strong under tension

Question 32

why do cracks start to form in concrete when there is tension?

Answer 32

when a beam bends its underside starts to stretch