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APMLE LEA > Manual 72-77: Vasculature of Thigh > Flashcards

Manual 72-77: Vasculature of Thigh Flashcards

1
Q

branches off the femoral a

A
  • superficial epigastric
  • superficial circumflex iliac
  • superficial external pudendal
  • deep external pudendla
  • muscular branches
  • profundus femoris
  • descending genicular
    (7)
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2
Q

first branch off femoral

A

superficial epigastric

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3
Q

where does the superficial epigastric course?

A
  • originates 1 cm inferior to inguinal ligament
  • passes through femoral sheath and proceeds superiorly, anterior to inguinal ligament
  • terminates by anastomosing with inferior epigastric a
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4
Q

the superficial epigastric a is _______ to the vein

A

lateral

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5
Q

blood supply to anterior abdominal wall below umbilicus

A

superficial epigastric a

skin and superficial fascia

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6
Q

smallest branch of femoral a

A

superficial circumflex iliac

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7
Q

course of superfiical circumflex iliac

A
  • originates anterolateral aspect of femoral a slightly below the superfiicial epigastric
  • travels laterally (paralleling the inguinal ligament) to the iliac crest
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8
Q

what does the superficial circumflex iliac anatastomose with

A
  • deep circumflex iliac
  • superior gluteal
  • lateral femoral circumflex
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9
Q

originates from medial side of femoral a across from the origin of superficial circumflex iliac

A

superficial external pudendal

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10
Q

course of superficial external pudendal a

A
  • travels medially
  • crosse spermatic cord
  • supplies perineal structures
  • supplies lower abdominal wall
  • anastomoses with branches of internal pudendal a
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11
Q

what m get branches originating directly from femoral a

A
  • vastus medialis
  • sartorius
  • adductor muscles
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12
Q

largest branch of femoral a

A

profundus femoris

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13
Q

where does the profundus femoris originate

A
  • 2-5 cm distal to inguinal ligament on LATERAL aspect
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14
Q

describe the course of profundus femoris

A
  • travels inferiorly
  • spirals posterior to femoral a, then medial to it
  • lower 1/3 of thigh it is posterior to adductor longus
  • terminates as fourth perforting a
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15
Q

how does the profundus femoris terminate

A
  • small branch entering the adductor magnus m

- known as fourth perforating a

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16
Q

branches off of the profundus femoris

A
  • lateral femoral circumflex
  • medial femoral circumflex
  • perforating (4)
  • muscular branches
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17
Q

branches of lateral femoral circumflex

A
  • ascending branch
  • transverse branch
  • descending branch
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18
Q

origin of lateral femoral circumflex

A
  • lateral side of produndus femoris

- 20% originates from stem of femoral a

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19
Q

course of lateral femoral circumflex

A

laterally deep to rectus femoris and sartorius muscles

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20
Q

describe the ascending branch of lateral femoral circumflex a

A
  • travels superolaterally deep to fascia lata
  • lateral side of upper thigh
  • anastomsoes with branches of superior gluteal and deep circumflex iliac aa
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21
Q

smallest branch off lateral femoral circumflex

A

transverse branch

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22
Q

course of transverse branch of lateral femoral circumflex

A
  • travels laterally around femur inferior to greater trochanter
  • pierces vastus lateralis
  • posteriro aspect of thigh
  • participates in cruciate anastomosis
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23
Q

what a participate in cruciate anastomsis

A
  • transverse branch of lateral femoral circumflex
  • femoral circumflex
  • inferior gluteal a
  • first perforating a

FFIT

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24
Q

course of descending branch of lateral femoral circumflex

A
  • courses inferiorly below rectus femoris
  • supplies vastus lateralis m
  • reaches knee joint to anastomose with lateral genicular branch of popliteal a
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25
Q

what does the descending branch of lateral femoral circumflex anastomose with

A

lateral genicular branch of popliteal a

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26
Q

origin of medial femoral circumflex

A

medial aspect of profundus femoirs

255 originates directly from femroal a

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27
Q

course of medial femoral circumflex

A
  • medially disappears b/w pectineus and psoas major m
  • winds around medial aspect of femur
  • supplies muslces
  • contributes to cruciate anastomosis
  • gives acetabular branch
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28
Q

what m does the medial femoral circumflex supply

A
  • adductor muscles
  • gracilis
  • obturator externus
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29
Q

what does the acetabular branch off of medial femoral circumflex suppy

A
  • fat in acetabular fossa

- head of femur (traveling in the round ligament)

30
Q

where do the 4 perforating branches off profunda femoris come from

A
  • 3 from the profunda femoris
  • 1 is terminating branch of profunda femoris
  • perforate through adductor magnus to reach posteiror thigh
  • ansatomose with each other
31
Q

first perforating branch

A

superior to adductor brevis

32
Q

second perforating branch

A

anterior to adductor brevis

33
Q

what perforating branch gives off a nutrient a to femur

A

second perforating branch

34
Q

third perforating branch

A

distal to adductor brevis

supplies adductor magnus and posterio thigh muscles

35
Q

last branch give off femoral a before it passes through adductor hiatus

A

descending genicular (Travels medially)

36
Q

the descending genicular a divides into …

A

saphenous branch (skin of medial thigh) and articular branch (medial side of knee)

37
Q

what a travels with saphenous n as it exists the adductor canal

A

saphenous branch of adescending genicular a

38
Q

the articular branch of descending genicular a anastomoses with ..

A

medial superior genicular a and anterior tibial aa

39
Q

when does the femoral a change names to popliteal a

A

once it exits the adductor hiatus and enters the popliteal fossa

40
Q

where in the popliteal fossa is the poplitea a located?

A
  • in intercondylar fossa
  • deep to the vein
  • lying against capsule of joint
  • deep to semimembranous m, popliteal v, tibial n, gastrocnemius m
41
Q

branches of popliteal a in thigh

A
  • muscular (2 or 3 to adductor magnus and hamstrings)
  • medial superior genicular
  • lateral superior genicular
  • medial and lateral sural
42
Q

the medial and lateral sural a supply

A
  • gastrocnemius
  • soleus
  • plantaris
43
Q

branches of popliteal a to knee joint

A
  • 5 genicular arteries
  • medial and lateral superior genicular
  • middle genicular a
  • medial and lateral inferior genicular aa
44
Q

describe the superior genicular aa

A
  • medial and lateral sides of popliteal a
  • wind around superior aspect of femoral condyles to reach anterior side of knee and form collateral circulation of knee
  • give off superficial (muscles) and deep branches (knee joint)
45
Q

what a enters the knee to supply ligaments and synovial membrane

A

middle genicular a (off of popliteal a)

46
Q

what genicular a originate distal to knee joint off of the popliteal ?

A

inferior genicular aa

47
Q

two terminal branches of popliteal

A

anterior and posterior tibial aa

48
Q

describe the course of the great saphenous v

A
  • superiorly, gradually reaching the anterior midline of thigh (3 cm inferior to inguinal ligament)
  • passes through the saphenous hiatus
  • enters femoral sheath
  • opens into femoral v
    (behind medial condyles –> saphenous hiatus –> fmeoral sheath –> femoral vein)
49
Q

what surrounds the proximal ends of great saphenous v

A
  • superficial group of inguinal lymph nodes
50
Q

continuation of superficial fascia that covers the saphenous opening

A

cribiform fascia

51
Q

borders of the saphenous opening form a sharp edge called …

A

falciform margin

52
Q

contents of saphenous opening

A
  • superficial epigastric and external pudendal arteries
  • emerge throug opening to supply superficial structurees
  • corresponding veins drain into great saphenous before it enters the saphenous opening
53
Q

the great saphenous v receives the following before entering canal

A
  • accessory saphenous v (formed by superficial veins along edial and posterior aspect of thigh)
  • superficial external pudendal v
  • superficial circumflex iliac v
  • superficial epigastric v
54
Q

at the distal border of the popliteus m the anterior and posterior tibial veins join to form the …

A

popliteal v

- ascends into popliteal fossa accompanying the a

55
Q

in the inferior fossa, the popliteal v lies ______ to a

A

medial

- in the superior fossa the vein lies superficial to a

56
Q

the popliteal v exits fossa by …

A

passing through adductor hiatus

57
Q

small saphenous v joins

A

popliteal v

58
Q

valve arrangement only lets blood go from ________ veins to ______ veins

A

from superficial to deep veins

- when varicose, some can allow blood to pass from deep to superficial veins through incompetent vlaves

59
Q

largest v of thigh

A

femoral v

60
Q

superior continuation of popliteal v at adductor hiatus

A

femoral v

61
Q

where is the femoral v in relation to a in the adductor canal

A
  • lies posterolateral to femoral a
62
Q

where is the femoral v in relation to a in femoral triangle

A
  • ascends from posterior side of a to medial side
63
Q

which compartment of the femoral sheath is the femoral v in

A

intermediate

64
Q

when the femoral v crosses the inguinal ligament it becomes the …

A

external iliac v

65
Q

how many valves in femoral v

A

4-5 valves (one usually located inferior to entrance of deep femoral v)

66
Q

anastomotic channel between femoral and internal iliac veins

A

interior gluteal v

67
Q

largest tributary to femoral v

A

great saphenous v

enters 3 cm inferior to inguinal ligament

68
Q

where do the medial and lateral femoral circumflex veins drain

A

into either femoral or deep femoral vein

69
Q

how many lymph nodes located in popliteal fossa

A

6 or 7

  • one node lies anterior (Deep) to popliteal a and receives lymph from inside kene joint
  • one node lies posterior (superficial) to popliteal v and receives lymph that course with small saphenous v
  • 4 or 5 nodes lies withing fat on lateral and medial sides of popliteal vessels (receive lymphatic vessels coursing with anterior tibail blood vessels, posterior tibial, and peroneal blood vessels)
70
Q

lymph following what enters the deep inguinal lymph nodes

A

following femoral v

- deep nodes lie deep to fascia lata within the femoral sheath

71
Q

lymph following what enters the lower group superficial inguinal nodes

A

great saphenous v

- these nodes lie withing the superficial fascia

72
Q

inguinal nodes receive vessels from …

A
  • lower anterior abdominal wall
  • perineum
  • lower limb

APMLE LEA (23 decks)

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