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D2: Implantology > Manual > Flashcards

Manual Flashcards

1
Q

implant component that lies between the implant

and the crown

A

Abutment

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2
Q

Screw that clamps the abutment onto the implant

A

Abutment Screw

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3
Q

flat small implants that are inserted into a cut in the

bone

A

Blade implants

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4
Q

software associated radiographic technique that
produces an exact cross-sectional view of the mandible
or maxilla

A

Computed tomography (CT)

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5
Q

CT scanner that uses a cone-shaped radiographic
source and a large detector to produce a 3-D
radiographic image(

A

Cone Beam Computed tomorgraphy (CBCT)

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6
Q

) screw that blocks the implant entrance during the

healing period after surgery

A

Cover screw

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7
Q

Distance between the implant platform and the
edges of the extraction socket. Used as a reference for
feasibility of immediate implant placement

A

Critical Space

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8
Q

) subgingival change in shape of the abutment and/or
the crown, between the implant platform and its
emergence from gingival tissues

A

Emergence profile

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9
Q

implant-to-abutment attachment that sits on top of
the implant platform. Common shape is external
hexagon.

A

External Connection

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10
Q

temporary abutment that is used in place of a cover
screw after an implant has been inserted and removed
before the restoration is placed

A

Healing abutment

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11
Q

arbitrary scale of values assigned to various
radiopaque densities when using computed
tomography.

A

Hounsfield numbers

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12
Q

technique in which implants are restored/loaded at

the time of implant placement

A

immediate loading

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13
Q

) titanium device placed in bone that replaces the
root of a tooth and enables the attachment of a
prosthesis

A

Implant

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14
Q

implant-to-abutment attachment placed inside the

implant body, found in internal friction systems.

A

) Internal connection

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15
Q

system where abutments are retained by friction

against the inner walls of the implant.

A

Internal friction system

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16
Q

) Irreversible microscopic changes in the metal of
implants and components when an excessive force
applied; often leads to fracture

A

) Mechanical fatigue

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17
Q

Implants that are exposed to oral cavity on day of

placement

A

One Stage Implants

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18
Q

attachment of bone to the surface of an implant.

A

Osseointegration

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19
Q

elevation of the sinus floor via the osteotomy prior

to implant placement

A

Osteotome technique

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20
Q

progressive bone loss and inflammatory tissue
pathology that results from plaque accumulation and
bacterial infiltration around implants

A

Peri-implantitis

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21
Q

)reversible condition characterized by gingival
inflammation around implants without evidence of
bone resorption

A

Mucositis

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22
Q

Flat, mesh-like implants that lie on the osseous

surface

A

Periosteal implants

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23
Q

clinical procedure in which soft tissue is measured
at several locations of an edentulous ridge in order to
estimate the width of underlying bone architecture

A

Ridge mapping

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24
Q

Cylinder or screw-shaped implants. Most common

implants used today

A

Root form implants

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25
Q

acrylic appliance used during surgery that indicates
where the ideal implant placements must be for
restorative purposes.

A

) Surgical guide

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26
Q

) lightweight, soft, noncorroding metal used to make

implants

A

Titanium

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27
Q

) Implants that are covered by the gingival
immediately after placement. Second surgery is
necessary to uncover them. -

A

Two-stage implants

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28
Q

) Implants are replacements for what

A

Tooth roots

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29
Q

What does titanium do when exposed to oxygen

and its purpose

A

forms titanium dioxide ( natural ceramic coating)

enables bone cells to attach

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30
Q

Bone cells react better to titanium surfaces that are

rough or smooth ?

A

rough

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31
Q

3 ways to roughen titanium surface of implants

A

Mechanical (blasting)
Chemical (acids)
Combo mechanical/chemical

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32
Q

) Is roughening done the entire length of the implant

and why

A

No. Near implant head left smooth to decrease

bacterial attachment

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33
Q

Another method to enhance bone healing

A

hydroxyapatite coating

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34
Q

2 reasons for thread shape and pitch on the implant

A

transfer biting force to surrounding bone

Enhance placement and stability

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35
Q

)Is osseointegration a clinical or histological

observation.

A

histological

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36
Q

Is the osseointegration of the implant and bone

continuous along the implant

A

not continuous. Only 40-50% implant surface in

contact with bone

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37
Q

When does osseointegration begin

A

at time of implant placement

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38
Q

What forms between the bone and the implant w/in

the first few minutes of implant placement

A

) blood clot

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39
Q

What attaches to the implant after the surgical
trauma has caused surface bone cells to die and
inflammation to take place

A

fibrous mesh attaches

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40
Q

) Sequence of events leading to osseointegration and

their time frame

A

Necrosis – time of placement
Inflammation – within Days
Osteoid Matrix formation – 2-3 wks
Maturation – 6 -12 wks

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41
Q

Does osseointegration stop after 6-12 weeks or

continue for the life of the implant

A

matures for life of implant

42
Q

)Does the implant surface undergo changes as does

the bone around it

A

Yes, the ceramic oxide layer thickens over time

43
Q

Do all implant types require abutments

A

No, some have the crown screw directly into the

implant

44
Q

) With external connection root form implants, how

high does the attachment rise above the implant

A

Approximately 1 mm

45
Q

Can two stage implants be exposed to the oral
environment on the day of placement like a one stage
implant

A

yes, but covered with a healing abutment

46
Q

)in blade implants and periosteal implants (mesh like
frame that overlays buccal-lingual), is the abutment
separate of inseparable from the implant itself

A

inseparable

47
Q

Where is force predominantly dissipated in the

implant

A

at the neck

48
Q

What is the benefit of an implant with respect to

bone

A

constant remodeling around implant preserves

bone volume

49
Q

clampinf force that the screw applies between the

two parts of the implant

A

preload

50
Q

term refers to implants that are still in the mouth at
the time of examination, regardless of the state of the
prosthesis or patient satisfaction

A

Survival

51
Q

term refers to implants that are not only in the

mouth, but are also functional and satisfactory

A

success

52
Q

What is more frequent with smoking and implant

A

peri-implantitis more frequent

53
Q

What type of diabetes contraindicates implant

placement

A

uncontrolled

54
Q

What should be considered with implant placement
in a controlled diabetic at time of implant
placement

A

antibiotic therapy

55
Q

Does osteoporosis appear to influence implant

success rates

A

No

56
Q

With respect to age, what should be considered for

implant treatment planning

A

if pt is young, have they completed growing

57
Q

How will an implant act in a person still

growing

A

like an ankylosed tooth

58
Q

Why are implants good for a person who has

undergone head and neck radiation

A

if xerostomic, pt’s mucosa does not react well to
removable prosthesis, so implants avoid the mucosal
pressure

59
Q

Necessary interarch distance in the posterior
required to build a fixed implant-supported
prosthesis

A

7 mm

60
Q

Necessary interarch distance in the anterior
required to build a fixed implant-supported
prosthesis(

A

8-10 mm

61
Q

)Total distance between adjacent teeth required for

single-tooth implants

A

7mm from CEJ to CEJ

62
Q

) Manual formula for determining 7 mm bone
requirement between adjacent teeth in single-tooth
implant

A

1 mm bone M & D, PDL is 0.5mm, 4 mm diameter
implant
4mm + (2 x 1mm) + (2 x 0.5mm) = 7mm

63
Q

Amount of bone is required buccal and lingual for

implant

A

1mm B, 1 mm L

4 mm impant + 1mm B + 1 mm L = 6 mm bone width

64
Q

Where is bone usually narrower, at the crest or the

base, and which is most critical

A

narrower at crest, crestal bone width is most

critical

65
Q

What Periapical radiograph technique best

minimizes distortion

A

parallel technique

66
Q

Panoramic radiographs utilized for what

A

estimate bone quality
Estimate bone quantity
Presence of anatomic limitation (e.g IAN, sinus)

67
Q

What is prevalent on a panoramic

A

distortion

68
Q

If doing an overlay on a distorted panoramic, should
you round up to the next ratio overlay or round
down(

A

round up, allows for a more conservative plan

69
Q

Hounsfeld numbers used in CT for water, trabecular

bone, cortical bone

A

water = 0
Trabecular bone = 200
Cortical bone = 1000

70
Q

)Hounsfeld numbers are an indication of …

A

Bone density

71
Q

)What is the main shortcoming of Conebeam CT

A 
bone density (Hounsfield units) is not as reliable as
conventional CT
72
Q

acrylic appliance worn by the patient that is used to
visualize diagnostic teeh or markers on a radiograph,
and that can be modified to a surgical guide

A

radiographic template

73
Q

)radiographic template utilized for computed
tomography called _________ and what is the acrylic
mixed with to be radiopaque

A

scannographic template

Barium sulfate

74
Q

Bone quality Class I/D1

A

) Compact/ thick cortical bone

75
Q

Bone quality Class II/D2

A

thick cortical bone surrounds trabecular bone

76
Q

Bone quality Class III/D3

A

)thin cortical bone surrounds highly trabecular bone

77
Q

Bone quality Class IV/D4

A

thin cortical bone and spongy core

78
Q

What is the only way to get a subjective analysis of

bone quality

A

CT scan via Hounsfield units

79
Q

Is bone quality directly correlated to implant

success

A

not directly, but does play a role

80
Q 
which bone quality class is hardest to prep
surgically due to poor blood supply
A

C1/D1

81
Q 
) which bone quality class has been associated with
higher implant loss
A

CIV/D4

82
Q

System for classifying bone volume

A

A to D. A is most intact edentulous architecture and

D is most atrophic

83
Q

What guides implant length selection

A 
bone availability (measure from crest to vital
structure)
84
Q

)For posterior mandibular osteotomy, how far is it

recommended to stay away from IAN

A

2 mm

85
Q

What is the distance required between the edges of

2 adjacent implants

A

3mm

86
Q

What is the distance required between the edge of

an implant and the adjacent tooth

A

1.5 mm

87
Q

)For posterior teeth implants, where should the long

axis emerge through

A

center of occlusal surface

88
Q

) For anterior teeth implants, where should the long

axis emerge through

A

cinguli

89
Q

)What must be completed before implant treatment

planning begins

A

) initial disease control phase

90
Q

)Should implants be connected to natural teeth

A

It should be avoided

91
Q

If a cantilever is to be used, should it be used for

short or long spans

A

Short spans

92
Q

How far should the cantilever extend distally

A

no further than 1.5 distal to the A-P Spread

93
Q

What is the A-P Spread

A

the mesiodistal distance between the most forward
and the most posterior implant
Or: something reporters put on their toast.

94
Q

If a narrow arch decreases the number of implants
anterior, thereby decreasing the overall A-P spread,
should a cantilever be considered, or is a removable
appliance indicated

A

removable appliance indicated

95
Q

If considering a splinted implant for a removable
prosthesis, what is the consideration and space
required

A

splint requires more material. Require +12mm

96
Q

When is bone grafting necessary

A

when bone width or height is inadequate for

receiving an implant

97
Q

Which is more successful width or height bone

augmentation

A

width augmentation

98
Q

Maximum amount of bone height that can be

gained with bone graft

A

2mm

99
Q

Bone graft origins

A

autogenous (self: hip, chin)
Allografts (freeze dried bone)
Xenografts (bovine origin)
Biomaterials

100
Q

What is the ideal waiting period after tooth

extraction before implant placement

A

8 weeks

D2: Implantology (9 decks)

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