Manipulation of Plant Hosts Flashcards
Define Plant Breeding.
the science of changing the traits of plants in order to produce desired characteristics
What traits are sought after when plant breeding?
stress tolerance, grain or biomass yield, end-use quality, and ease of processing
Where can we find sources of plant disease resistance?
Go to the native plants
Define transgenic plant.
Plants into which genes from other plants or other organisms have been introduced through genetic engineering techniques and are expressed to produce the expected compounds or function.
Define transgenic.
Gene transfer using recombinant DNA technology
What was the first GMO crop in the USA?
Tomato (1994)
What was the enzyme introduced into the first GMO Tomato?
antisense of polygalacturonase - promotes fruit ripening
What percent of Soybean acres are herbicide tolerant in USA?
93% (2010)
What percent of Cotton acres are herbicide tolerant in USA?
78% (2010)
List all the transgenic crops (14) - EDIT
Cotton Soybean Corn Canola Rice Creeping bentgrass Cantaloupe Sugar beet Tomato Flax Potato Radicchio Squash Papaya
What genes are used in transgenic crops? (4)
BT for insects
Herbicide resistance
Viral genes for viruses
Delay fruit ripening
Where are most genes from that are introduced to plants? (2 sources)
Bacteria and Viruses
