Mania Flashcards
What is mania?
It is defined as a condition in which individuals experience unreasonable euphoria, very intense moods, hyperactivity and delusions
How long does a typical manic episode occur?
1 - 3 months
What are the two classifications of mania?
Mania
Hypomania
What is mania, with reference to ICD-10 criteria?
It is defined as the presentation of severe clinical features for a period of at least seven days, which have a significant negative functional impairment on work and social activities
In addition, it may occur alongside psychotic features – such as grandiose delusions and auditory hallucinations
What is hypomania, with reference to ICD-10 criteria?
It is defined as the presentation of mild clinical features for a period less than seven days, usually 3 – 4 days, which don’t have a significant negative impairment on work and social activities
In addition, there is no presence of psychotic features – such as grandiose delusions and auditory hallucinations
What are the eight risk factors asssociated with mania?
Personality Traits
Family History
Co-Morbid Substance Use
Traumatic Life Events
High Levels of Stress
Lack of Sleep
Hypothyroidism
Drug Administration
What drug class is associated with mania?
Steroids
What are the ten clinical features of mania?
Euphoric Mood
Grandiosity
Hyperactivity
Pressured, Erratic Speech
Insomnia
Weight Gain
Increased Libido
Excessive Spending
Auditory Hallucinations
Delusions
What is grandiosity?
It is an exaggerated sense of one’s importance, power, knowledge or identity, even if there is little evidence to support the beliefs
What is the management of mania in primary care?
An urgent referral to the community mental health team
What is the management of hypomania in primary care?
A routine referral to the community mental health team
What are the two psychological management options of mania?
Psychoeducation
Cognitive Behaviour Therapy (CBT)
What is psychoeducation?
It involves providing patients with information about mania and ways in which they can control and minimise it
What is CBT?
It is a talking therapy used to manage the way in which patients think, feel and behave
What are the four pharmacological management options for mania?
Antipsychotics
Lithium
Sodium Valproate
Carbamazepine
Name four antipsychotics used to manage mania
Olanzapine
Haloperidol
Risperidone
Quetiapine
When are antipsychotics used to mania?
They the first line management option of acute episodes of mania
What two drugs can be additionally prescribed when antipsychotics are inadequate in treating acute episodes of mania?
Lithium
Sodium Valproate
Name two lithium salts used to manage mania
Lithium carbonate
Lithium citrate
When is lithium used to mania?
It can be used to manage acute episodes of mania associated with bipolar disorders - in combination with antipsychotics
It is also the first line pharmacological management option for chronic mood stabilisation
When is sodium valproate used to mania?
It is used for the treatment of acute episodes of mania associated with bipolar disorder - in combination with antipsychotics
It is also the second line pharmacological management option for chronic mood stabilisation, which can be administered in combination with lithium, or as monotherapy if lithium is not tolerated or contraindicated
What are two contraindications of sodium valproate?
Females of childbearing age
Pregnancy
When is carbamazepine used to mania?
It is the third line pharmacological management option for chronic mood stabilisation
What physical management option is used in mania?
Electroconvulsive Therapy (ECT)
What is ECT?
It is a procedure in which small electric currents are passed through the brain, intentionally triggering a brief seizure
It causes changes in brain chemistry that can reverse symptoms of mania
How long does it usually take for manic patients to recover?
10 weeks
