mandibular fractures and bone grafts Flashcards
symptoms of a mandibular fracture (3)
pain
limited function
loose or mobile teeth
facial asymmetry
clinical signs of a mandibular fracture (3)
sublingual haematoma
2 point vertical mobility
abnormal sensation on contralateral side to injury
what fracture may cause bleeding from ear
any in maxillo-facial region
how are mandibular fractures classified with regards to the involvement of surrounding tissue
simple - only damage to bone, no involvement of surrounding tissues
compound - damage to surrounding tissues as well as bone
comminuted - bone shattered (GSW)
how are mandibular fractures classified with regards to the number of fractures and side of fracture
number - single, double or multiple (>2)
side - uni or bilateral
how are mandibular fractures classified with regards to the direction of fracture line
favourible - minimises displacement
unfavourable - favours displacement
greenstick fracture
occur in children due to high organic content of bone
may not cuase complete separation of bone
name 3 factors that may influence whether a fracture is displaced
direction of fracture line
mechanism of injury
magnitude of force of injury
what are the 2 basic principles of active treatment of mandibular fractures
reduction - putting fracture segment to correct position
fixation - maintain current position
interpositional bone graft
bone is sandwiched between two surfaces (used to increase width)
onlay bone graft
(new) bone placed on top of bone
name 3 sites where bone grafts may be harvested from for OMFS and OS
iliac crest
chin
ramus
coronoid process
osteoconduction
materials or structures serve as a scaffold for new bone growth
osteoinduction
new bone growth via stimulation of undifferentiated/immature cells
alveolar distraction osteogenesis
use of a device to gradually separate bone over time which will gradually infill with new bone
