Mandarin Vocab Flashcards
你 (nǐ)
you
好 (hǎo)
good, well
你好 (nǐ hǎo)
hello
嗨 (hāi)
Hi
嘿 (hēi)
Hey
哈喽 (hālóu)
Hello
幸会 (xìng huì)
nice to meet you (polite, formal)
行 (xíng)
O.K.
(note: two different pronunciation and meanings for this character. also háng as in
银行 (yínháng))
喂 (wèi)
hello (on the phone)
打招呼 (dǎ zhāohu)
to say hello
棒 (bàng)
great, excellent, awesome
太棒了!
牛B (niú bī)
(vulgar, slang) awesome, cool, “badass”
傻B (shǎ bī)
(slang, vulgar) something like “stupid c**t”
囧 (jiǒng)
used in text – like an embarrassed face emoji
3Q
thank you
used in text – “sān q” is “thank you”
不用了 bú yòng le
no need, I’m good
差 (chà)
bad, poor; badly, poorly
错 (cuò)
wrong, mistaken; can also mean fault
e.g. 我错了( my mistake, my fault)
有时候我的声调错了 (Yǒu shíhòu wǒ de shēngdiào cuò le)
我认为我说错了那个词
错误 (cuòwù)
mistake, error
糟糕 (zāogāo)
bad, terrible; spoiled, ruined
我越学中文越觉得我的中文很糟糕 (wǒ yuè xué zhōngwén yuè juédé wǒ de zhōngwén hěn zāogāo)
不错 (bùcuò)
not bad/pretty good
还 (hái)
still, yet
e.g. 我还没吃饭 (Wǒ hái méi chīfàn)
我还在读第三本书。
(Wǒ hái zài dú dì sān běn shū)
can also be used with an adjective A to express fairly or reasonably A (e.g. 还好)
对 (duì)
right, correct;
for, towards
e.g. 游泳对你的身体很好Yóuyǒng duì nǐ de shēntǐ hěn hǎo
她对她的狗非常好 (Tā duì tā de gǒu fēicháng hǎo)
对我来说 (Duì wǒ lái shuō) - from my perspective, in my opiniong
正确 (zhèngquè)
right, correct
准确 (zhǔnquè)
accurate, precise
我 (wǒ)
I, me
叫 (jiào)
to call/be called:
我叫芮阳 (wǒ jiào Ruì Yáng): “I’m called (i.e. my name is) Ruì Yáng (Ryan)”
自己 (zìjǐ)
oneself,
名字 (míngzi)
name
他 (tā)
he, him
她 (tā)
she, her
它 (tā)
it
先生 (xiānsheng)
Sir, Mr.
们 (men)
plural marker for people (e.g. 我们 (wǒmen) is we or us)
咱们 (zánmen)
we, friendly (includes both the speaker and listener)
称呼 (chēnghu)
to address (someone)
介绍 (jièshào)
to introduce
书 (shū)
book
教科书 (jiàokēshū)
textbook
课文 (kèwén)
text, passage (typically as part of a textbook)
页 (yè)
page
章节 (zhāngjié)
chapter
诗 (shī)
poem
故事 (gùshì)
story
笑话 (xiàohuà)
joke, to laugh at
讲 (jiǎng)
to tell (a story, or a joke)
讽刺 (fèngcì)
sarcasm, satire
秘密 (mìmì)
secret
歌 (gē)
song
歌词 (gēcí)
lyrics
图片 (tú piàn)
picture, image
文件 (wénjiàn)
document
这是今天的文件
保存 (bǎocún)
to save (a document
复制 (fùzhì)
copy (a portion of text)
剪切 (jiǎnqiē)
cut (a portion of text)
粘贴 (zhāntiē)
paste (a portion of text)
表格 (biǎogé)
form
合同 (hétóng)
contract
签 (qiān)
to sign (a form or contract)
续签 (xùqiān)
to renew (e.g. a contract)
文书 (wénshū)
official documents, paperwork
我需要准备很多文书
Wǒ xūyào zhǔnbèi hěnduō wénshū
新闻 (xīnwén)
news
报纸 (bàozhǐ)
newspaper
杂志 (zázhì)
magazine
相机 (xiàngjī)
camera
人 (rén)
person
者 (zhě)
person who …. (similar to English -er or -or suffix)
男 (nán)
(adj.) male
女 (nǚ)
(adj.) female
男的 (nán de)
man (colloquial)
女的 (nǚ de)
woman (colloquial)
性别 (xìng bié)
gender
男人 (nánrén)
man (formal)
女人 (nǚrén)
woman (formal)
非二元 (fēi èr yuán)
non-binary
是 (shì)
To be
做 (zuò)
to do, to make
做饭 (zuò fàn) - to cook
做完 (zuò wán)
to finish doing, to complete
生产 (shēngchǎn)
to produce, to manufacture
创造 (chuàngzào)
to create, creation
作品 (zuòpǐn)
work (of art, literature, etc.), creation
使 (shǐ)
to make, to cause (formal, written)
弄 (nòng)
to make (something happen), to cause
你弄坏了我的电脑。 (Nǐ nòng huài le wǒ de diànnǎo.)
带 (dài)
to bring
带过去 (dài guòqù)
to bring from one place to another
拿 (ná)
to take, to hold, to carry
摘 (zhāi)
to pick, to pluck, to take off
摘苹果
准备 (zhǔnbèi)
to prepare
e.g. 明天的课你都准备好了吗?(míngtiān de kè nǐ dōu zhǔnbèi hǎole ma?)
to plan
打算 (dǎsuàn)
to plan, to intend
计划 (jìhuà)
(noun.) plan, program
(verb.) to map out, plan
安排 (ānpái)
to plan, to schedule, to arrange
顺其自然 (shùn qí zìrán)
(idiom) to let nature take its course (e.g. “play it by ear”)
写 (xiě)
to write
mandatory object, if no object: 写作(xiězuò)
学习 (xuéxí)
to learn, to study
习得 (xí dé)
to acquire, to learn (a skill)
培养 (péiyǎng)
to cultivate, to foster
丰富 (fēngfù)
rich, plentiful, to enrich
自学 (zìxué)
self-study
背 (bèi)
to memorize, to recite
复习 (fùxí)
to review
预习 (yùxí)
to preview, to prepare in advance
注意力 (zhùyìlì)
attention
我的注意力很容易被分散。
Wǒ de zhùyì lì hěn róngyì bèi fēnsàn.
专注 (zhuānzhù)
to focus on, to concentrate on
关注 (guānzhù)
to focus on, to pay attention to
集中 (jízhōng)
to concentrate, to focus
你学习的时候注意力集中吗 (Nǐ xuéxí de shíhou zhùyìlì jízhōng ma)
仔细 (zǐxì)
careful, attentive
仔细听 (zǐxì tīng)
教 (jiào)
to teach
e.g. 我教哲学 (wǒ jiào zhéxué)
教授 (jiàoshòu) -
初学者 (chūxuézhě)
beginner
高级 (gāojí)
advanced
进步 (jìnbù)
progress
我对我的进步还高兴 (Wǒ duì wǒ de jìnbù hái gāoxìng)
我最近感觉我的进步很慢 (Wǒ zuìjìn gǎnjué wǒ de jìnbù hěn màn)
上进 (shàng jìn)
(verb) to make progress, to improve oneself;
(adjective) ambitious, motivated towards self-improvement
瓶颈期 (píngjǐng qī)
bottleneck period
改变 (gǎibiàn)
to change, to alter
变化 (biànhuà)
change, transformation
换 (huàn)
to change, to exchange, to switch, to swap
替换 (tì huàn)
to replace
继续 (jìxù)
to continue
成为 (chéngwéi)
to become
变得 (biànde)
to become (followed by an adjective or descriptive phrase)
过程 (guòchéng)
process
通过 (tōngguò)
through, by the means of, via
藉由 (jièyóu)
though, by the means of, via (more abstract, formal)
超过 (chāoguò)
to exceed, to surpass, to go beyond
超越 (chāoyuè)
to surpass, to exceed, to transcend
喜欢 (xǐhuān)
to like
讨人喜欢 (tǎo rén xǐhuān)
to be likeable
讨厌 (tǎoyàn)
to hate, to detest
愿意 (yuànyì)
to be willing to
要 (yào)
to want, to need, to be going to (by will)
想 (xiǎng)
To think to consider; to want/would like (想要); to miss
我想说流利的中文。 (Wǒ xiǎng shuō liúlì de Zhōngwén.)
觉得 (juéde)
to think/feel/believe; used to express one’s thoughts, feelings, opinions about something
e.g. 我觉得最好的当代哲学家是Wilfrid Sellars.
(Wǒ juéde zuì hǎo de dāngdài zhéxuéjiā shì Wilfrid Sellars.)
感觉 (gǎnjué)
to feel (more sensory or intuitive)
感受 (gǎnshòu)
feeling, experience, to feel, to experience
认为 (rènwéi)
to think, to be of the opinion that (more objective purport than 觉得). Close to “reckon” or “figure”
认定 (rèndìng)
to firmly believe, to be convinced of
以为 (yǐwéi)
to have thought (with the implication of having been mistaken)
相信 (xiāngxìn)
to believe, to trust
e.g. 我不相信美国电视新闻 (Wǒ bù xiāngxìn Měiguó diànshì xīnwén)
估计 (gūjì)
to estimate, to approximate
考虑 (kǎolǜ)
to think over, to consider
信息 (xìnxī)
information
想法 (xiǎngfǎ)
idea, thought
思想 (sīxiǎng)
thought, idea (more contemplative, reflective)
看法 (kànfǎ)
view, position, stance
观点 (guāndiǎn)
viewpoint, opinion (more formal, academic)
客观 (kèguān)
objective
主观 (zhǔguān)
subjective
视角 (shìjiǎo)
perspective, point of view
有限 (yǒuxiàn)
limited
无限 (wúxiàn)
unlimited
主义 (zhǔyì)
theory, doctrine, -ism
想好 (xiǎng hǎo)
to think over and decide, to make up one’s mind on something
决定 (juédìng)
to decide
选择 (xuǎnzé)
to choose, choice
选择题 (xuǎnzé tí) - multiple choice question
判断 (pànduàn)
to judge, to assess, to determine, judgment, assessment
说谎 (shuōhuǎng)
to lie, to tell a lie
希望 (xīwàng)
to wish, hope for
乐观 (lèguān)
optimistic
悲观 (bēiguān)
pessimistic
羡慕 (xiàn mù)
to envy (but in a good way)
佩服 (pèifú)
to admire, to respect
欣赏 (xīnshǎng)
to appreciate, to admire
信任 (xìnrèn)
to trust, to have confidence in
分享 (fēnxiǎng)
to share
感兴趣 (gǎnxìngqù)
to be interested in
支持 (zhīchí)
to support
鼓励 (gǔlì)
to encourage
让 (ràng)
to let, to allow; to make
在乎 (zàihu)
to care about, to be concerned with
我很在乎你。(Wǒ hěn zàihu nǐ.)
在意 (zàiyì)
(usually used in the negative) to care about, to be concerned with
我的父母不在意我结婚不结婚 (Wǒ de fùmǔ bù zàiyì wǒ jiéhūn bù jiéhūn)
严重 (yánzhòng)
serious, severe
介意 (jièyì)
to mind, to be bothered by something
e.g. 我不介意长途飞行。(Wǒ bù jièyì chángtú fēixíng.)
重要 (zhòngyào)
important
重视 (zhòngshì)
to value, to regard as important
中国人重视教育。 (Zhōngguó rén zhòngshì jiàoyù.)
受重视 (shòu zhòngshì)
valued, respected
主要 (zhǔyào)
main, primary, principal
次要 (cìyào)
secondary, less important
强调 (qiángdiào)
to emphasize
试 (shì)
to try, to attempt
often used as 试一试
我的中文很糟糕好但是我想试一试用中文。
试着 (shìzhe)
to try, to attempt
试用 (shìyòng)
to try out (a product or service)
吃 (chī)
to eat
喝 (hē)
to drink
闻 (wén)
to smell
说 (shuō)
To speak, to say
mandatory object - if no object 说话
讨论 (tǎolùn)
to discuss, talk about
e.g. 你想讨论什么?
议论 (yìlùn)
to talk about, to comment on
辩论 (biànlùn)
to debate, to argue
论证 (lùnzhèng)
argument, reasoning, proof
谈成 (tánchéng)
to successfully negotiate, to reach an agreement
抱怨 (bào yuàn)
to complain
话题 (huàtí)
topic
聊天 (liáotiān)
to chat
健谈 (jiàntán)
talkative, chatty
社交 (shèjiāo)
socializing, social interaction
社恐 (shèkǒng)
social anxiety
搭话 (dāhuà)
to strike up a conversation
调情 (tiáoqíng)
to flirt
闲聊 (xiánliáo)
small talk
搭讪 (dāshàn)
to approach someone (romantically), to strike up a conversation (romantically)
交流 (jiāoliú)
to communicate
沟通 (gōutōng)
communication (aimed at mutual understanding), to communicate (with the aim of mutual understanding)
联系 (liánxì)
to get in contact with, to get in touch with
(not to be confused with 练习 (liànxí))
联系方式 (liánxì fāngshì)
contact information
告诉 (gàosù)
to tell, to inform
e.g.
因为我的英文不是很好所以如果你不明白我的意思就告诉我。 (yīnwèi wǒ de yīngwén bùshì hěn hǎo suǒyǐ rúguǒ nǐ bù míngbái wǒ de yìsi jiù gàosù wǒ.)
提醒 (tíxǐng)
to remind
答应 (dāyìng)
to promise, to agree (to do something)
批评 (pīpíng)
to criticize
表扬 (biǎoyáng)
praise, to praise, to commend
评价 (píngjià)
to evaluate, to assess, evaluation, assesment
差评 (chàpíng)
bad review
好评 (hǎopíng)
good review
五星好评 (wǔxīng hǎopíng)
骂 (mà)
to scold, to curse
脏话 (zānghuà)
swear words, profanity, bad words
命令 (mìnglìng)
order, to order
惩罚 (chéngfá)
to punish, punishment
体罚 (tǐfá)
corporal punishment
惩治 (chéngzhì)
to punish, to discipline
讲解 (jiǎngjiě)
to explain, to expound (more involved, detailed, formal, for instance, in a classroom setting)
解释 (jiěshì)
explain (more informal, less in-depth)
说明 (shuōmíng)
to explain, illustrate, clarify
总结 (zǒngjié)
to summarize, summary
猜 (cāi)
to guess
你想要我猜吗?(Nǐ xiǎng yào wǒ cāi ma?)c
猜测 (cāicè)
to guess, to speculate
推测 (tuīcè)
to speculate, to hypothesize, to infer
提示 (tíshì)
hint
线索 (xiànsuǒ)
clue
好奇 (hàoqí)
curious
同意 (tóngyì)
to agree
赞同 (zàntóng)
to agree with, to approve, to endorse
可不是 (kěbúshì)
used to agree, like “exactly!” or “that’s right!”
反对 (fǎnduì)
to oppose, to object to
合作 (hézuò)
to cooperate, to work together
团队合作 (tuánduì hézuò)
teamwork, team cooperation
反驳 (fǎnbó)
to refute, to rebut
听 (tīng)
to listen
听清 (tīng qīng) to hear clearly
听力 (tīnglì)
listening ability
听见 (tīngjiàn)
to hear (i.e. to auditorily perceive)
偷听 (tōu tīng)
to eavesdrop
知道 (zhīdào)
to know
知识 (zhīshì)
knowledge
认识 (rènshi)
to meet or be acquainted with a person
陌生 (mòshēng)
unfamiliar
陌生人 (mòshēng rén)
stranger
忘(记) (wàng(jì))
to forget
懂 (dǒng)
to understand
e.g. 我不懂你说什么 (Wǒ bù dǒng nǐ shuō shénme)
我听不懂 (Wǒ tīng bù dǒng)
难懂 (nándǒng) - hard to understand
明白 (míngbái)
understand
我明白了
理解 (lǐjiě)
understand (implying a deeper or more personal sense of understanding)
e.g. 谢谢你的理解
了解 (liǎojiě)
to know, to learn (in a deeper sense)
困惑 (kùnhuò)
to be confused, to be puzzled
发现 (fāxiàn)
to discover, to find out
遇到 (yùdào)
to come across, to encounter
发明 (fāmíng)
to invent, invention
意识到 (yìshí dào)
to realize
惊讶 (jīngyà)
to be surprised, shocked
吃惊 (chījīng)
to be shocked, to be astonished
惊喜 (jīngxǐ)
(noun.) pleasant suprise
(adj.) to be pleasantly surprised
完 (wán)
to complete, finish
我看完第二本书 (wǒ kàn wán dì èr běn shū)
开始 (kāishǐ)
to start
结束 (jiéshù)
to finish, to conclude, to end
说话 (shuōhuà)
to talk, to speak
我喜欢和你说话。
对话 (duìhuà)
(noun) conversation, dialogue; (verb) to converse, engage in dialogue
话 (huà)
words, speech, things said
消息 (xiāoxī)
message
e.g.
我给你发消息 (Wǒ gěi nǐ fā xiāoxī)
短信 (duǎnxìn)
text message
收到 (shōu dào)
to receive (a message, or email)
消费 (xiāofèi)
consumption, to consume
买 (mǎi)
To buy
小票 (xiǎopiào)
receipt
发票 (fāpiào)
invoice, receipt
退货 (tuìhuò)
to return, to get a refund
卖 (mài)
To sell
逛 (guàng)
to casually shop, stroll the streets
广告 (guǎnggào)
advertisement
快递 (kuài dì)
delivery service
包裹 (bāo guǒ)
package, parcel
租 (zū)
to rent
e.g. 我租我的公寓 (wǒ zū wǒ de gōngyù)
房租 (fángzū)
rent (to pay for an apartment, house, etc.)
押金 (yājīn)
deposit
水电费 (shuǐdiànfèi)
utilities
租约 (zūyuē)
lease
住宿 (zhùsù)
accomodation, housing, lodging
房东 (fáng dōng)
landlord
房屋中介 (fángwū zhōngjiè)
real estate agent
拥有 (yōngyǒu)
to possess, to own
参加 (cānjiā)
to attend, to participate
我们去参加一个婚礼
Wǒmen qù cānjiā yīgè hūnlǐ
参与 (cānyù)
to participate
离开 (líkāi)
to leave, to depart
留在 (liú zài)
to stay, to remain (in a place)
如果我喜欢中国,可能我会留在武汉
爱 (ài)
to love
浪漫 (làngmàn)
romantic
肉麻 (ròumá)
cheesy, cringey
情侣 (qínglǚ)
a romantic couple
伴侣 (bànlǚ)
partner, companion, significant other
谈恋爱 (tán liàn’ài)
to be a in a romantic relationship, to date
恋爱关系 (liàn’ài guānxì)
romantic relationship
做爱 (zuò’ài)
to make love, to have sex
上床 (shàngchuáng)
to go to bed with someone, to have sex
一夜情 (yīyèqíng)
one night stand
吻 (wěn)
kiss, to kiss
激情 (jīqíng)
romantic/sexual passion
同性恋 (tóngxìngliàn)
gay, homosexual
同志 (tóngzhì)
gay, homosexual (casual, friendly)
妓女 (jìnǚ)
prostitute
性工作者 (xìng gōngzuò zhě)
嫖娼 (piáochāng)
to solicit prostitution
性工作者 (xìng gōngzuò zhě)
sex worker
看见 (kànjiàn)
to see, perceive
看起来 (kàn qǐ lái)
to appear, to look as if
他看起来很累 (Tā kàn qǐ lái hěn lèi)
给+subject+看
show [subject]
e.g. 给我看
我可以给你看
盲 (máng)
blind
看出来 (kàn chūlái)
to discern, to figure out by looking
透露 (tòulù)
to reveal, to disclose
对年轻人来说也没问题,对三十多 岁的人来说不礼貌,因为很多人不 想透露他们的年龄
Duì niánqīng rén lái shuō yě méi wèntí, duì sānshí duō suì de rén lái shuō bu lǐmào, yīnwèi hěnduō rén bù xiǎng tòulù tāmen de niánlíng
见面 (jiànmiàn)
to meet
见本人 (jiàn běn rén)
to meet in person
面对面 (miàn duì miàn)
face-to-face
姿势 (zīshì)
gesture
读 (dú)
to read (more serious, formal, than 看书)
清楚 (qīngchu)
clearly, distinct
e.g. 我听不清楚你说话
睡醒 (shuìxǐng)
to wake up
起床 (qǐchuáng)
to wake up; get up in the morning
e.g. 你几点早上起床?(Nǐ jǐ diǎn zǎoshang qǐchuáng?)
洗澡 (xǐzǎo)
to shower, to bathe
热水器 (rèshuǐqì)
water heater
家务 (jiāwù)
housework, household chores
洗碗 (xǐ wǎn)
to wash the dishes
水槽 (shuǐcáo)
sink
沥水架 (lìshuǐ jià)
strainer, dish rack
洗衣服 (xǐ yīfu)
to do laundry, to wash clothes
洗衣机 (xǐyījī)
washing machine
晾衣服 (liàng yīfu)
to hang clothes to dry,
烘干 (hōnggān)
to dry clothes (in a dryer)
烘干机 (hōnggānjī)
clothes dryer
洗衣液 (xǐyīyè)
laundry detergent
整理 (zhěnglǐ)
to organize
乱 (luàn)
messy, disorganized, chaotic
晚安 (wǎn’ān)
goodnight
睡觉 (shuìjiào)
to go to bed/sleep
e.g.
我每天晚上十一点睡觉。 (Wǒ měitiān wǎnshang shíyī diǎn shuìjiào.)
睡眠 (shuìmián)
sleep (as a noun)
e.g. 我的睡眠通常很好。
(Wǒ de shuìmián tōngcháng hěn hǎo.)
熬夜 (Áoyè)
to stay up late
夜猫子 (yèmāozi)
night owl
睡懒觉 (shuì lǎn jiào)
to sleep in
睡不着 (shuì bù zháo)
can’t fall asleep
失眠 (shīmián)
insomnia
梦 (mèng)
dreams
昨天晚上我有很多奇怪的梦 (Zuótiān wǎnshàng wǒ yǒu hěn duō qíguài de mèng)
睡午觉 (shuì wǔjiào)
to take a nap
休息 (xiūxí)
to take a rest, have a break
放松 (fàngsōng)
to relax
放空 (fàngkōng)
let go, empty mind
游泳让我放空
轻松 (qīngsōng)
easy, relaxed
跟你聊天很轻松 (gēn nǐ liáotiān hěn qīngsōng)
低调 (dīdiào)
low-key, modest
洒脱 (sǎtuō)
carefree
随便 (suíbiàn)
(adj.) casual, carefree; (int.) whatever, anything
Q: 你想讨论什么话题? (Nǐ xiǎng tǎolùn shénme huàtí?)
A: 随便 (suíbiàn.)
无所谓 (wúsuǒwèi)
it doesn’t matter, whatever, I don’t care
这件事我无所谓。 (Zhè jiàn shì wǒ wúsuǒwèi.)
随和 (suíhe)
easygoing, agreeable
我是一个随和的人 (wǒ shì yī gè suíhe de rén)
独立 (dú lì)
independent
自由 (zìyóu)
to be free
找 (zhǎo)
to look for, to seek
找到 (zhǎodào)
to find
丢 (diū)
to lose
别 (bié)
don’t
e.g.
别难过 (bié nánguò)
探索 (tànsuǒ)
to explore
漫游 (mànyóu)
roaming, wandering
迷路 (mílù)
to be lost
停止 (tíngzhǐ)
to stop
停电 (tíngdiàn) - power outage
舒适 (shūshì)
comfortable, cozy, pleasant (more formal)
舒适区 (shūshìqū) - comfort zone
舒服 (shūfú)
comfortable
生病 (shēngbìng)
to fall ill, get sick
感冒 (gǎnmào)
to catch a cold
发烧 (fāshāo)
to have a fever
咳嗽 (késòu)
cough
流鼻涕 (liú bítì)
runny nose
打喷嚏 (dǎ pēntì)
sneeze
鼻塞 (bísāi)
stuffy nose
传染 (chuánrǎn)
infectious, contagious, to infect, to spread
疫情 (yìqíng)
pandemic, epidemic
病毒 (bìngdú)
virus
乘客 (chéngkè)
passenger
细菌 (xì jūn)
bacteria
疫苗 (yìmiáo)
vaccine
口罩 (kǒuzhào)
facemask
戴口罩 (dài kǒuzhào) - wear a facemask
车 (chē)
car, vehicle
开车 (kāi chē)
to drive a car
司机 (sījī)
driver
自行车 (zìxíngchē)
bicycle, bike
摩托车 (mótuō chē)
motorcycle
电动摩托车 (diàndòng mótuōchē)
electric motorcycle
电瓶车 (diànpíngchē)
electric bike/electric scooter
轮胎 (lúntāi)
tire, wheel (of a car)
骑 (qí)
to ride
出租车 (chūzūchē)
taxi
堵车 (dǔ chē)
traffic jam, traffic congestion
车祸 (chēhuò)
car accident, car crash
交通 (jiāo tōng)
transportation
公交 (gōngjiāo)
public transport
short for 公共交通(gōnggòng jiāotōng)
火车 (huǒchē)
train
高铁 (gāotiě)
high speed train, bullet train
公共汽车 (gōnggòng qìchē)
bus - used for busses between cities
车费 (chē fèi) - bus fare
车站 (chē zhàn)
公交车 (gōng jiāo chē)
bus - used for buses within city
short for 公共交通车(gōnggòng jiāotōng chē)
大巴车 (dàbā chē)
coach bus
救护车 (jiùhù chē)
ambulance
地铁 (dìtiě)
subway
地铁站 (dìtiě zhàn)
subway stop
就一站路 (jiù yī zhàn lù) - Just one stop away.
号线 (hào xiàn)
numbered subway line (e.g., 一号线, Line 1).
地图 (dìtú)
map
电梯 (diàntī)
elevator
需要 (xūyào)
to need
帮助 (bāngzhù)
to help; help
有帮助 (yǒu bāngzhù)
helpful
去 (qù)
to go
来 (lái)
to come
来到 (láidào) - come to some place
e.g. Wǒ cóng xuéxiào láidào zhèlǐ le (我从学校来到这里了)
来自 (láizì)
to come from
我的家人来自意大利 (Wǒ de jiārén láizì Yìdàlì)
回 (huí)
to return
回来 (come back)
回去 (go back)
回家 (return home)
从 (cóng)
(prep.) from
e.g. 从你家到女朋友家要多久 (Cóng nǐ jiā dào nǚ péngyǒu jiā yào duōjiǔ)
到 (dào)
(verb). to arrive;
(prep) e.g. 从 A 到 B 怎么走?
迟到 (chídào)
to arrive late
向 (xiàng)
towards (in a directional sense)
向山他走去。
离 (lí)
used to express distance
e.g. A + 离 + B + 很远
用 (yòng)
to use;
to need:
实用的 (shíyòng de)
useful
给f(gěi)
(verb) to give
(prep) to, for
发 (fā)
to send
送 (sòng)
to deliver, to send, to take (someone someone)
接 (jiē)
to pick up (a person or thing), to receive
一个老师来车站接我了 (yí gè lǎoshī lái chēzhàn jiē wǒ le)
放 (fàng)
to put, to place
放过 (fàngguò)
to let go of, to let off the hook
放过你自己 (fàngguò nǐ zìjǐ)
逃 (táo)
to escape
落 (là)
to leave something behind (unintentionally)
加 (jiā)
to add
加到 (jiā dào)
to add to (something)
扔 (rēn舍不得 (shěbùdé)g)
to throw
接受 (jiēshòu)
to accept (an offer, invitation)
受不了 (shòu bù liǎo)
to be unable to bear, can’t stand
不忍心 (bù rěnxīn)
to be unable to bear, to not have the heart to
舍不得 (shěbùdé)
to be unwilling to, to be reluctant to
获得 (huòdé)
to get, to obtain (through effort)
我已经获得了博士学位
Wǒ yǐjīng huòdéle bóshì xuéwèi
从这个故事里,我获得了很多感悟 (Cóng zhège gùshì lǐ, wǒ huòdéle hěnduō gǎnwù)
得到 (dédào)
to get, to obtain, to receive (more colloquial then 获得)
邀请 (yāoqǐng)
to invite
拒绝 (jùjué)
to reject, to decline, to turn down (an invitation, request, offer)
排斥 (páichì)
to reject, to exclude, to repel
取消 (qǔxiāo)
to cancel
推荐 (tuījiàn)
to reccomend
住 (zhù)
to live, to stay
e.g.
你在中国住哪里? (Nǐ zài Zhōngguó zhù nǎlǐ?
我不是游客。我住在这里。Wǒ bùshì yóukè. Wǒ zhù zài zhèlǐ.
我会住在武汉两年多 (Wǒ huì zhù zài wǔhàn liǎng nián duō)
居住 (jūzhù)
to reside, to live in
搬到 (bān dào)
to move to
搬家 (bānjiā)
to move (houses)
当 (dāng)
to serve as, act as, play a role
我当一个老师
作为 (zuòwéi)
(prep.) serving as, in one’s capacity as
生活 (shēnghuó)
(noun.) life, livelihood
e.g.
中国的日常生活
Zhōngguó de rìcháng shēnghuó (daily life in China)
to live
一生 (yīshēng)
a life, a lifetime
人生 (rénshēng)
life (a person’s individual life)
长寿 (chángshòu)
longevity
生命 (shēngmìng)
life (abstractly)
生存 (shēngcún)
to survive
活的 (huó de)
alive, living
出生 (chūshēng)
to be born
我一九九二年出生。 (Wǒ yī jiǔ jiǔ èr nián chūshēng.)
死 (sǐ)
to die
去世 (qùshì)
to die, to pass away (more polite than 死)
杀 (shā)
to kill
我不要杀老鼠 (wǒ bù yào shā lǎoshǔ)
练习 (liànxí)
to practice
不 (Bù)
no/not
most common negation operator
没 (méi)
not, used in conjunction with explicit or implicit “have” (有, yǒu). 没有 (méiyǒu) is used with nominal object (e.g. 我没有钱 (wǒ méiyǒu qián): I don’t have money) , whereas just méi (没) is used with verbal object (e.g. 我没去 (wǒ méi qù): I didn’t go).
无 (wú)
(formal, literary); without, lacking, no
缺少 (quēshǎo)
to lack, to be short of
到处 (dàochù)
everywhere, all around
所有的 (suǒyǒu de)
all
吗 (ma)
Question-maker: turns statements into yes-no questions.
呢 (ne)
question-maker: can be used to ask about a noun-phrase (e.g. 你呢?)
can be placed at end of a question to soften
can be used to ask about location of an object (e.g. 我的手机呢?)
吧 (ba)
suggestion-maker: turns a statement into a suggestion or soft command
e.g. 我们走吧 (wǒmen zǒu ba)
can also be placed at the end of a question to seek confirmation
啊 (a)
added at the end of a statement to express enthusiasm; can also be added at the end of a question to express surprise or curiosity
呐 (na)
used to express emotion
天呐
哦 (ò)
Used like English “Oh”
嗯 (en)
used like “mhmm,” or “yeah,” also “umm”
哇 (wa)
used like English “wow”
的 (de)
Used to indicate possession, attribute, or relationship. It can also be used after an adjective to form an attributive expression, modifying the noun that follows.
了 (le)
Important function word with a few distinct usages:
1.) Indicates a completed
action or a change of state.
Q: 你吃饭了吗?
A: 我刚吃了
2.) Indicates that something has continued up to the present point (placed at end of the sentence).
e.g. 我学习中文两个月了 (Wǒ xuéxí zhōngwén liǎng gè yuèle)
过 (guò)
placed after verb to indicate that the action has happened at some point in the past
e.g.
我没去过中国 (wǒ méi qùguò zhōngguó) – I have never been to china.
在 (zài)
(prep.) “at”
e.g.
猫在哪里 (māo zài nǎlǐ)
also used to indicate an ongoing action (正在 (zhèngzài) can be used to emphasize that the action is currently ongoing)
e.g.
我在学习中文 (wǒ zài xuéxí zhōngwén)
着 (zhe)
used to indicate an occurrent state—placed after the verb
e.g. 她穿着红色的衣服 (Tā chuānzhe hóngsè de yīfú)
得 (de)
Used preceding an adjective to turn it into an adverb with
Subject + Verb + 得 + Adjective
e.g. 我游泳得快 (Wǒ yóu yǒng de kuài)
with object: Subject + Verb + Object + Verb + 得 + Adjective
e.g. 我说中文说得不太好
but first verb can be dropped
e.g. 我中文说得不太好
把 (bǎ)
Grammatical structure used to emphasize what is done to some object
Subject + 把 + Direct Object (definite by context) + Verb
Metaphorically means something like “Subject took the thing and did X to it”
e.g.
小丑把钱都烧了。(xiǎochǒu bǎ qián dōu shāole.) The joker burned all of the money
被 (bèi)
passive voice construction - used to emphasized what happened (to someone/something) rather than what was done
什么 (shénme)
What
啥 (shá)
(informal) same as 什么
为什么 (wèishénme)
Why
怎么 (zěnme)
how
e.g. 你怎么说 “sandwich”
also used like 太 in 不怎么喜欢
咋 (zǎ)
informal, same as 怎么
你咋样? (Nǐ zǎyàng?)
如何 (rúhé)
how (more formal, literary)
怎么样 (zěnme yàng)
how about
e.g. 明天怎么样? (míngtiān zěnme yàng?) when making plans
e.g. 你今天怎么样? (nǐ jīntiān zěnme yàng?) to ask how someone’s day is (literally something like: you today, how about it?)
e.g. 那里的天气怎么样
哪里 (nǎlǐ)/ 哪儿 (nǎr)
Where
那里 (nàlǐ) / 那儿 (nàr)
there
这里 (zhèlǐ)
here
e.g. 你住在这里吗?
Nǐ zhù zài zhèlǐ ma?
哪个 (nǎge)
which
任何 (rènhé)
any, whichever
多 (duō)
many, much
usually 很多 when by itself
e.g.
中国有很多人
我喜欢穿很多颜色的衣服
第二本书比第一本书难很多
can also say 太多 (e.g. 今天健身房有太多人。)
more than; after
also can be used to ask about “how much” something is (e.g. 他多高?)
少 (shǎo)
few, a little
e.g. 你吃得太少了 (nǐ chī dé tài shǎole)
多少 (duōshǎo)
How many/how much (literally, many-few)
几 (jǐ)
how many (when asking about a small number(<10 or so); also used when asking about dates
e.g.
你要几个杯子? (Nǐ yào jǐ gè bēizi?)
Q: 今天几号?A: 今天九月二十七号
(足)够 ((zú) gòu)
enough, sufficient
我不知道足够的词语 听得懂母语者的内容
Wǒ bù zhīdào zúgòu de cíyǔ tīng dé dǒng mǔyǔ zhě de nèiróng
过多 (guòduō)
excessive, too much
大约 (dà yuē)
approximately, about
至少 (zhìshǎo)
at least
左右 (zuǒyòu)
approximately, about, give or take
一些 (yīxiē)
some (a bit less specific than 几个)
一切 (yīqiè)
everything, all
部分 (bùfen)
part, portion
方面 (fāngmiàn)
aspect, facet
一整 (yī zhěng)
whole, entire
我们吃了一整只鸡 (Wǒmen chīle yī zhěng zhī jī)
一共 (yīgòng)
altogether, in total
大多数(dàduōshù)
most, the (great) majority of,
大多数中国人没有宗教信仰 (dà duōshù zhōngguó rén méiyǒu zōngjiào xìnyǎng)
完全 (wánquán)
complete, completely
全部 (quánbù)
all, entire, wholly, altogether, entirely, wholly
不同 (bùtóng)
different
e.g. 中国人说很多不同的语言
共同 (gòngtóng)
common, shared
互相 (hù xiāng)
mutual, reciprocal
别 (bié)
other (contrasting)
e.g. 如果你不喜欢这个,我们可以看看别的 (Rúguǒ nǐ bù xǐhuan zhège, wǒmen kěyǐ kànkan bié de.)
其他 (qítā)
other
另外 (lìngwài)
another (generally used when there’s just one particular additional thing - followed by 一 + measure word)
我还有另外一个问题 (Wǒ hái yǒu lìngwài yī gè wèntí).
一起 (yīqǐ)
together
问 (wèn)
to ask
回答 (huídá)
to answer (a question or inquiry)
几个 (jǐ gè)
a few or several (some unspecified number, but generally less than ten)
谁 (shéi)
who
e.g. 谁是你的朋友 (shéi shì nǐ péngyǒu)
问题 (wèntí)
question; problem or issue
谜题 (mítí)
puzzle
答案 (dá’àn)
(noun.) answer (to a question or problem)
解决 (jiějué)
to solve
谁的 (shéi de)
whose
e.g. 这是谁的书?(Zhè shì shéi de shū?)
更 (gèng)
more
我喜欢游泳但是我更喜欢冲浪 (wǒ xǐhuān yóuyǒng dànshì wǒ gèng xǐhuān chōnglàng)
越来越 (yuè lái yuè)
more and more
一边 (yībiān) + Action 1 + 一边 (yībiān) + Action 2
to do Action 1 at the same time as Action 2
我喜欢一边和朋友聊天一边喝啤酒. (Wǒ xǐhuān yībiān hé péngyǒu liáotiān yībiān hē píjiǔ.)
关于 (guānyú)
(prep.) about, concerning, regarding
我有很多关于佛教的书。
(Wǒ yǒu hěn duō guānyú Fójiào de shū)
关系 (guānxì)
relation, relationship
人际关系 (rénjì guānxì) - interpersonal relationship
医生 (yīshēng)
doctor
药店 (yàodiàn)
pharmacy
护士 (hùshì)
nurse
病人 (bìngrén)
patient
医院 (yīyuàn)
hospital
医疗 (yīliáo)
medical treatment, healthcare
警察 (jǐngchá)
policeman
警察局 (jǐngchá jú)
police station
派出所 (pàichūsuǒ)
local police station
保安 (bǎo’ān)
security guard
监控 (jiānkòng)
surveillance
人脸识别 (rénliǎn shíbié)
facial recognition
隐私 (yǐnsī)
privacy
控制 (kòngzhì)
to control, to regulate
审查 (shěnchá)
censorship
在中国有很多审查 (zài zhōngguó yǒu hěn duō shěnchá)
权限 (quánxiàn)
permission, access rights
屏蔽 (píngbì)
to shield, to block
在中国我的网站被屏蔽了 (zài zhōngguó wǒ de wǎngzhàn bèi píngbì le)
防火墙 (fánghuǒqiáng)
firewall
监狱 (jiānyù)
prison, jail
逮捕 (dàibǔ)
to arrest
我被逮捕了 (wǒ bèi dàibǔ le)
设计师 (shèjì shī)
designer
家居设计师 (jiājū shèjì shī)
interior designer
装饰 (zhuāngshì)
to decorate, decoration
平面设计 (píngmiàn shèjì)
graphic designer
照片 (zhàopiàn)
picture, photograph
拍 (pāi)
to take (a photo or video)
学生 (xuéshēng)
student
老师 (lǎoshī)
teacher
教师 (jiàoshī)
teacher (more formal)
教授 (jiàoshòu)
professor
师父 (shīfu)
master, teacher
徒弟 (túdì)
apprentice
会计 (kuàijì)
accountant
服务员 (fúwùyuán)
waiter/Waitress
小费 (xiǎofèi)
tip
农民 (nóngmín)
farmer
游客 (yóukè)
tourist
景点 (jǐngdiǎn)
scenic spot, tourist attraction
景色 (jǐngsè)
scene, view, landscape
本地人 (běndì rén)
local
外国人 (wàiguó rén)
foreigner
老外 (lǎowài)
foreigner (casual, informal — usually only used for white people)
客人 (kèrén)
guest, visitor
外星 (wàixīng)
alien, extra-terrestrial
有名 (yǒumíng)
famous
旅游 (lǚyóu)
to travel, to take a trip
旅行 (lǚxíng)
travel, trip
旅途 (lǚtú)
trip, journey
你的旅途怎么样?
旅行社 (lǚxíngshè)
travel agency
导游 (dǎoyóu)
tour guide
行李 (xíngli)
luggage
收拾行李 (shōushi xíngli)
to pack luggage
箱子 (xiāngzi)
large box or trunk
出差 (chūchāi)
to go on a business trip
行李箱 (xínglǐxiāng)
suitcase
背包 (bēibāo)
backpack
书包 (shūbāo)
backpack, bookbag
位置 (wèizhì)
location
手提包 (shǒutíbāo).
handbag
托运 (tuōyùn)
to check (luggage)
参观 (cānguān)
to visit
generally used for visiting a place (e.g. a tourist destination). Would not be used to say “I will visit my parents” (For that, would use 我会去看我的父母 (wǒ huì qù kàn wǒ de fùmǔ))
地方 (dìfāng)
place
e.g. 你最喜欢的地方在武汉是什么(nǐ zuì xǐhuān dì dìfāng zài wǔhàn shì shénme)
地址 (dìzhǐ)
address
电脑 (diànnǎo)
computer
笔记本电脑 (bǐjìběn diànnǎo)
laptop (literally, notebook computer)
电视 (diànshì)
television
e.g.
我不喜欢看电视 (wǒ bù xǐhuān kàn diànshì)
节目 (jiémù)
program
电视节目 (diànshì jiémù) - TV program
季 (jì)
season (of a program)
集 (jí)
episode (of a program)
字幕 (zìmù)
subtitles
电影 (diànyǐng)
movie
电影院 (diànyǐngyuàn)
movie theatre
导演 (dǎoyǎn)
director
演员 (yǎnyuán)
actor, actress
情节 (qíngjié)
plot, storyline
纪录片 (jìlùpiàn)
documentary
恐怖片 (kǒngbù piàn)
horror movie
吸血鬼 (xīxuèguǐ)
vampire
喜剧片 (xǐjù piàn)
comedy movie
科幻 (kēhuàn)
science fiction
上网 (shàngwǎng)
to go online, to surf the net
线上 (xiànshàng)
online
我在线上上中文课 (wǒ zài xiànshàng shàng zhōngwén kè)
网络 (wǎngluò)
(noun.) the internet
e.g. 网络文化 - internet culture
无线网络 (wúxiàn wǎngluò)
WiFi (official term)
路由器 (lùyóuqì)
router
安装 (ānzhuāng)
to install, to assemble
网站 (wǎngzhàn)
website
主页 (zhǔyè)
homepage
社交媒体 (shèjiāo méitǐ)
social media
频道 (píndào)
channel (e.g. YouTube channel)
现在,我最喜欢的中文YouTube频道是“Comprehensible Chinese”
打卡 (dǎkǎ)
to “check in,” post pics on social media
内容 (nèiróng)
content
我看和听很多中文内容
Wǒ kàn hé tīng hěnduō zhōngwén nèiróng
视频 (shìpín)
video
刷 (shuā)
to scroll, to swipe
播客 (bòkè)
podcast
链接 (liànjiē)
link
评论 (pínglùn)
comment
发布 (fābù)
to post, to publish
发布链接 (fābù liànjiē)
手机 (shǒujī)
cell phone
手机号码 (shǒujī hàomǎ)
cell phone number
尾号 (wěihào)
last digits of a phone number
牌子 (páizi)
brand (informal, spoken)
品牌 (pǐnpái)
brand (formal, written)
电话 (diànhuà)
phone call
打电话 (dǎ diànhuà) - make a phone call
打视频电话 (dǎ shìpín diànhuà) - make a video call
接(到) (jiē(dào))
to answer (the phone), to receive (a phonecal)
静音 (jìngyīn)
silent mode
电池 (diànchí)
battery
充电 (chōngdiàn)
charging to charge
我需要给手机充电。
(Wǒ xūyào gěi shǒujī chōngdiàn.)
充电器 (chōngdiànqì)
charger
耳机 (ěrjī)
headphones
APP
(mobile) app
下载 (xiàzài)
to download
上传 (shàngchuán)
to upload
功能 (gōngnéng)
function, functionality, capability
在美国,微信的功能不多。 (Zài Měiguó, Wēixìn de gōngnéng bù duō.)
删掉 (shān diào)
to delete, to remove
设置 (shèzhì)
to set up, to configure
验证码 (yànzhèngmǎ)
verification code, authentication code
二维码 (èrwéimǎ)
QR code
密码 (mìmǎ)
password
手表 (shǒubiǎo)
wristwatch
钱包 (qiánbāo)
wallet
钥匙 (yàoshi)
keys
锁 (suǒ)
lock, to lock
密码锁 (mìmǎ suǒ) - Combination lock
身份证 (shēnfènzhèng)
ID card, identification card
证明 (zhèngmíng)
proof, to prove, verification, to verify
动物 (dòngwù)
animal
动物园 (dòngwùyuán)
zoo
宠物 (chǒngwù)
pets
毛 (máo)
animal fur
毛发 (máofà)
hair and fur
狗 (gǒu)
dog
猫 (māo)
cat
小猫 (xiǎo māo)
kitten (literally, small cat)
养 (yǎng)
to raise (an animal or kid)
调皮 (tiáopí)
naughty
淘气 (táoqì)
naughty, mischievous
捣蛋 (dǎodàn)
mischief, to make trouble
鸟 (niǎo)
bird
鱼 (yú)
fish
三文鱼 (sānwènyú)
salmon
金枪鱼 (jīnqiāngyú)
tuna
鲨鱼 (shāyú)
shark
鳄鱼 (èyú)
crocodile, alligator
青蛙 (qīngwā)
frog
虾 (xiā)
shrimp, small crustation
龙虾 (lóngxiā)
lobster
小龙虾 (xiǎo lóngxiā)
crayfish
昆虫 (kūnchóng)
insect, bug
蝎子 (xiēzi)
scorpion
蜘蛛 (zhīzhū)
spider
蜈蚣 (wúgōng)
centipede
蟑螂 (zhāngláng)
cockroach
蚊子 (wénzi)
mosquito
蜜蜂 (mìfēng)
bee, honey bee
蝴蝶 (húdié)
butterfly
蛇 (shé)
snake
兔子 (tùzǐ)
rabbit
老鼠 (lǎoshǔ)
mouse
花枝鼠 (huāzhīshǔ)
fancy rat
老虎 (lǎohǔ)
tiger
狮子 (shīzi)
lion
大象 (dàxiàng)
elephant
猴子 (hóuzi)
monkey
马 (mǎ)
horses
牛 (niú)
cow
猪 (zhū)
pig
鸡 (jī)
chicken
鸭 (yā)
duck
龙 (lóng)
dragon
菜 (cài)
dishes; cuisine (e.g. 中国菜” (zhōngguó cài))
also can mean vegetables
料理 (liàolǐ)
cuisine
烹饪 (pēngrèn)
cooking, to cook (more formal than 做饭, emphasizes culinary skill)
菜谱 (càipǔ)
recipe
蔬菜 (shūcài)
vegetables
素食 (sùshí)
vegetarian food
烧烤 (shāokǎo)
barbeque - skewered meat
火 (huǒ)
fire
蒸 (zhēng)
steamed, to steam
奶酪 (nǎilào)
cheese
煮 (zhǔ)
boiled, to boil
炒 (chǎo)
stir-fried, to stir-fry
炸 (zhá)
deep fried, to deep fry
烤 (kǎo)
roasted, grilled
生 (shēng)
raw
海鲜 (hǎixiān)
seafood
冷藏 (lěngcáng)
refrigerated, to refrigerate
新鲜 (xīnxiān)
fresh
保鲜 (bǎoxiān)
fresh-keeping, to keep fresh
冷冻 (lěngdòng)
frozen, to freeze
寿司 (shòusī)
sushi
生鱼片 (shēng yú piàn)
sashimi
海藻 (hǎizǎo)
seaweed
肉 (ròu)
meat
生肉 (shēngròu) - raw meat
猪肉 (zhū ròu)
pork (literally, pig meat)
牛肉 (niú ròu)
beef (literally, cow meat)
五花肉 (wǔhuāròu)
pork belly
古老肉 (gǔlǎoròu)
sweet and sour pork
羊肉 (yángròu)
lamb, mutton
鸡肉 (jīròu)
chicken (meat)
鸡翅 (jīchì)
chicken wings
烤鸭 (kǎoyā)
roast duck
牛排 (niúpái)
steak
我最喜欢的肉是牛排 (wǒ zuì xǐhuān de ròu shì niúpái)
牛筋 (niú jīn)
beef tendon
培根 (péigēn)
bacon
鸡蛋 (jīdàn)
(chicken) egg
e.g. 我每天早上吃鸡蛋因为鸡蛋对身体很好 (wǒ měitiān zǎoshang chī jīdàn yīnwèi jīdàn duì shēntǐ hěn hǎo)
炒鸡蛋 (chǎo jīdàn)
scrambled egg
酸奶 (suānnǎi)
yogurt
能量棒 (néngliàng bàng)
energy bar
香肠 (xiāngcháng)
sausage
沙拉 (shālā)
salad
沙拉酱 (shālā jiàng)
salad dressing
蜂蜜芥末 (fēngmì jièmò)
honey mustard
生菜 (shēngcài)
lettuce
西兰花 (xīlánhuā)
broccoli
黄瓜 (huángguā)
cucumber
小白菜 (xiǎo báicài)
bok choy
大白菜 (dà báicài)
napa cabbage
菠菜 (bōcài)
spinach
韭菜 (jiǔcài)
leeks
茄子 (qiézi)
eggplant
牛油果 (niúyóuguǒ)
avocado
番茄 (fānqié)
tomato
蘑菇 (mógu)
mushroom
汤 (tāng)
soup
饭 (fàn)
rice or meal
白饭 (báifàn)
white rice (plain rice)
炒饭 (chǎofàn)
(stir) fried rice
稀饭 (xīfàn)
rice porridge (rice with a lot of water)
米饭 (mǐfàn)
(cooked) rice in general
面 (miàn)
noodles
拌面 (bànmiàn)
mixed noodles
拉面 (lāmiàn)
hand-pulled noodles
豆腐 (dòufu)
tofu
豆子 (dòuzi)
Beans
绿豆 (lǜdòu)
mung bean
主食 (zhǔshí)
staple food
火锅 (huǒguō)
hotpot
莲藕 (lián’ǒu)
lotus root
面包 (miànbāo)
bread
e.g. 我不经常吃面包 (wǒ bù jīngcháng chī miànbāo)
面包店 (miànbāo diàn) - bakery
面粉 (miànfěn)
flour
面筋 (miànjīn)
gluten
饼干 (bǐnggān)
cookie, biscuit
蛋糕 (dàngāo)
cake
派 (pài)
pie (western style)
e.g. 苹果派 (píngguǒ pài)
香芋 (xiāng yù)
taro
巧克力 (qiǎokèlì)
chocolate
辣椒 (làjiāo)
chili pepper
香料 (xiāngliào)
spices
调料 (tiáoliào)
seasoning
香菜 (xiāngcài)
cilantro
孜然 (zīrán)
cumin
洋葱 (yángcōng)
onion
姜 (jiāng)
ginger
萝卜 (luóbo)
radish
花生 (huāshēng)
peanut
油 (yóu)
oil
油腻 (yóunì)
greasy, oily, fatty
橄榄油 (gǎnlǎnyóu)
olive oil
黄油 (huángyóu)
butter
酱油 (jiàngyóu)
soy sauce
茶 (chá)
tea
茶歇 (chá xiē) - tea time, tea break
奶茶 (nǎichá)
milk tea
珍珠奶茶 (zhēnzhū nǎichá)
bubble milk tea, boba milk tea
咖啡 (kāfēi)
coffee
咖啡因 (kāfēi yīn)
caffeine
咖啡店 (kāfēi diàn)
coffeeshop
星巴克 (xīngbākè)
Starbucks
美式咖啡 (měi shì kā fēi)
American-style coffee (i.e. drip coffee)
拿铁 (ná tiě)
latte
香草 (xiāngcǎo)
vanilla
我要一大杯冰的香草拿铁
(wǒ yào yī dà bēi bīng de xiāngcǎo nátiě)
水 (shuǐ)
water
自来水 (zìláishuǐ)
tap water
开水 (kāishuǐ)
boiled water
烧水 (shāo shuǐ)
to boil water
蒸汽 (zhēngqì)
steam
西瓜 (xīguā)
watermelon
芒果 (mángguǒ)
mango
菠萝 (bōluó)
pineapple
苹果 (píngguǒ)
apple
香蕉 (xiāngjiāo)
banana
橙子 (chéngzi)
orange
柠檬 (níngméng)
lemon
椰子 (yēzi)
coconut
哈密瓜 (hāmìguā)
melon
榴莲 (liúlián)
durian fruit
葡萄 (pútáo)
grapes
草莓 (cǎoméi)
strawberry
水果 (shuǐguǒ)
fruit
桃 (táo)
peach
三明治 (sān míng zhì)
sandwich
火腿 (huǒtuǐ)
ham
汉堡 (hàn bǎo)
hamburger, burger
薯条 (shǔ tiáo)
french fries
塔可 (tǎ kě)
taco
麦当劳 (màidāngláo)
McDonald’s
肯德基 (Kěndéjī)
KFC
披萨 (pīsà)
pizza
包子 (bāozi)
steamed buns
Can specify filling, e.g.:
肉包子 (ròu bāo zi)
菜包子 (cài bāo zi)
饺子 (jiǎozi)
dumplings
小笼包 (xiǎo lóng bāo)
soup dumplings (though technically not 饺子)
冰茶 (bīng chá)
iced tea
冰咖啡 (bīng kāfēi)
iced coffee
果汁 (guǒzhī)
juice (if you don’t know the type)
if you do know the type, you say e.g.:
橙汁(chéngzhī)
苹果汁 (píngguǒ zhī)
饮料 (yǐnliào)
drink, beverage
牛奶 (niúnǎi)
milk
奶制品 (nǎizhìpǐn)
dairy products (specifically related to cow milk)
乳制品 (rǔzhìpǐn)
dairy (more general)
乳糖 (rǔtáng)
lactose
豆浆 (dòujiāng)
soy milk
可乐 (kělè)
cola, coke
健怡可乐 (jiànyí kělè)
diet coke, diet cola
零度可乐 (língdù kělè)
coke zero
无糖可乐 (wútáng kělè)
sugar free coke
苏打水 (sūdǎ shuǐ)
soda water
酒 (jiǔ)
alcohol, alcoholic beverage
啤酒 (píjiǔ)
beer
拉格 (lāgé)
lager
葡萄酒 (pútáojiǔ)
wine
香槟 (xiāngbīn)
champagne
红酒 (hóngjiǔ)
red wine
鸡尾酒 (jīwěijiǔ)
cocktail
干杯 (gānbēi)
cheers
威士忌 (wēishìjì)
whisky
朗姆酒 (lǎng mǔ jiǔ)
rum
伏特加酒 (fútèjiā jiǔ)
vodka
白酒 (báijiǔ)
baijiu: a traditional Chinese liquor
黄酒 (huángjiǔ)
yellow wine (traditional Chinese liquor)
喝醉了 (hē zuìle)
to get drunk, to be drunk
宿醉 (sùzuì)
to be hungover
酒量 (jiǔ liàng)
alcohol tolerance, drinking capacity
酒鬼 (jiǔ guǐ)
alcoholic, drunkard (literally “alcohol ghost”)
杯 (bēi)
measure word for glasses of liquid (e.g. 一杯水 (yì bēi shuǐ)).
瓶 (píng)
bottle, measure word for bottles of liquid
e.g. 一瓶水 (yì píng shuǐ).
扎 (zhā)
pitcher
罐 (guàn)
can, jar, tank
听 (tīng) (不是👂)
can (colloquial, transliteration of “tin”)
我喝了两听啤酒
空的 (kōng de)
empty
漏 (lòu)
to leak
麻将 (má jiàng)
gambling game in China, played with tiles
赌博 (dǔbó)
to gamble
骰子 (shǎi zi)
dice
扑克 (pū kè)
poker
毒品 (dú pǐn)
drugs, narcotics
大麻 (dàmá)
marijuana
迷幻蘑菇 (míhuàn mógū)
magic mushrooms, psilocybin mushrooms
摇头丸 (yáotóuwán)
ecstasy, mdma
鸦片 (yāpiàn)
opium
个 (gè)
unit (general measure word for people and objects)
种 (zhǒng)
kind, type
我喜欢很多种啤酒 (Wǒ xǐhuān hěn duō zhǒng píjiǔ)
类型 (lèixíng)
type, category, genre
版本 (bǎn běn)
version
家 (jiā)
home, house; also measure word for businesses and establishments
公寓 (gōngyù).
apartment
一室一厅 (yī shì yī tīng)
one bedroom apartment
楼 (lóu)
building, floor, story
公寓楼 (gōngyù lóu) - apartment building
小区 (xiǎoqū)
apartment complex, residential complex
上楼 (shàng lóu)
upstairs, going up in floors
下楼 (xià lóu)
downstairs, going down in floors
层 (céng)
layer, floor (of a house or building)
公共区域 (gōnggòng qūyù)
public area, common area
厕所 (cèsuǒ)
bathroom, toilet
坐便器 (zuòbiànqì)
sitting toilet
蹲便器 (dūnbiànqì)
squat toilet
卫生间 (wèishēngjiān)
bathroom (polite), literally (hygiene room)
卫生纸 (wèishēngzhǐ)
toilet paper
洗手间 (xǐshǒujiān)
bathroom (polite), literally (handwashing room)
毛巾 (máojīn)
towell
房间 (fángjiān)
room
卧室 (wòshì)
bedroom
衣柜 (yīguì)
cabinent, wardrobe
衣架 (yījià)
clothes hanger
客厅 (kètīng)
living room
窗户 (chuānghù)
window
窗帘 (chuānglián)
window curtain
门 (mén)
door
关门 (guān mén).
开 (kāi)
to open, to start, to operate, to drive
关 (guān)
to close, to turn off
敲门 (qiāo mén)
to knock on the door
打开 (dǎkāi)
to open, to turn on, (more specific)
厨房 (chúfáng)
kitchen
家电 (jiādiàn)
household electrical appliances (short for 家用电器 (jiāyòng diànqì))
微波炉 (wēibōlú)
microwave
烤箱 (kǎoxiāng)
oven
小烤箱 (xiǎo kǎoxiāng)
toaster oven
冰箱 (bīngxiāng)
fridge, refrigerator
冷冻室 (lěngdòng shì)
freezer
空调 (kōngtiáo)
air conditioner
风扇 (fēngshàn)
fan
电表 (diàn biǎo)
electricity meter
草坪 (cǎopíng)
lawn, yard
露台 (lùtái)
patio
阳台 (yángtái)
balcony
家乡 (jiāxiāng)
hometown
祖籍 (zǔjí)
ancestral home, ethic place of origin
岁 (suì)
measure word for years
生日 (shēngrì)
birthday
我的生日是一九九二年六月六号 (wǒ de shēngrì shì yījiǔjiǔ’èr nián liù yuè liù hào).
年纪 (niánjì)
age
年龄 (niánlíng)
age (more formal, official)
时候 (shíhòu)
time (as a position)
used to express “when” by CONDITION + 的 + 时候
e.g. 我去中国的时候,希望望你会教我武汉话。(wǒ qù zhōngguó de shíhòu, xīwàng wàng nǐ huì jiào wǒ wǔhàn huà.)
时间 (shíjiān)
time (as an abstract mass-noun)
我今天很忙所以没有时间跟朋友一起吃晚饭
(wǒ jīntiān hěn máng suǒyǐ méiyǒu shíjiān gēn péngyǒu yīqǐ chī wǎnfàn)
同时 (tóngshí)
at the same time, simultaneous
空闲 (kòngxián)
free time
来得及 (láidejí)
for there to be enough time
花 (huā)
to spend (time or money)
久 (jiǔ)
long time
e.g. 好久不见
很久以前 (hěnjiǔ yǐqián) - a long time ago
遍 (biàn)
measure word for events, emphasizing completion (i.e. # times)
e.g. 对话:第二遍(duìhuà: dì èr biàn)
你能再说一遍吗?
只 (zhī)
measure word for (most) animals (except horses, mules, and donkeys)
本 (běn)
measure word for books
e.g. 一本书 (yī běn shū)
片 (piàn)
measure word for flat things (like pieces of paper)
条 (tiáo)
measure word for long things
首 (shǒu)
measure word for poems and songs
次 (cì)
measure word for occurrences of events
堂 (táng)
measure word for formal gatherings (e.g. courses, meetings of a group)
门 (mén)
door
also a measure word for courses
这个学期 我只教一门课
份 (fèn)
measure word for orders of food
e.g. 我要一份牛排
商店 (shāngdiàn)
store, shop
商场 (shāngchǎng)
shopping mall
二手店 (Èrshǒu diàn)
second-hand shop, thrift shop
购物 (gòuwù)
shopping, to shop
逛街 (guàngjiē)
window shopping, strolling the streets–shopping without necessarily buying anything
图书馆 (túshūguǎn)
library
借 (jiè)
to borrow
可以 (kěyǐ)
can, in the sense of being permitted/allowed to
会 (huì)
can, in the sense of being able to/knowing how to
e.g. 我会说一点中文。
used to express future. more general/objective than using 要。
e.g. 今天会下雨 (jīntiān huì xià yǔ)
能 (néng)
can, in the sense of being capable of (i.e. having the physical capacity/not being incapacitated)
能力 (nénglì)
ability, capacity, competence
不了 (bù liǎo)
inability. V + 不了
忘不了 (wàng bù liǎo) - can’t forget
无法 (wúfǎ)
unable to, cannot, lacking means
精力 (jīnglì)
energy
经历 (jīnglì)
experience
驱动力 (qūdònglì)
motivation, drive
应该 (yīnggāi)
should, ought to
必须 (bìxū)
must, have to
根据 (gēnjù)
according to
根据老板的要求,我写完了那份合同
要求 (yāoqiú)
requirement
敢 (gǎn)
to dare
这 (zhè)
this; often used with a measure word (e.g. zhège míngzì)
那 (nà)
that
can also express “now then”
这些 (zhèxiē)
these
那些 (nàxiē)
those
有些 (yǒuxiē)
some
东西 (dōngxi),
things; stuff
事情 (shìqíng)
matter, affair, thing
事物 (shìwù)
things, objects, (can be more abstract), phenomenon
之物 (zhī wù)
things, objects (formal, academic, literary)
情况 (qíngkuàng)
situation, circumstance
场面 (chǎngmiàn)
scene, situation, spectacle
活动 (huódòng)
activity, event
发生 (fāshēng)
to happen, to occur, to take place
存在 (cún zài)
to exist
属性 (shǔxìng)
property, attribute
状态 (zhuàngtài)
state, condition
现象 (xiànxiàng)
phenomenon
很 (hěn)
verey (without implying an extreme degree)
非常 (fēicháng)
extremely
太 (tài)
too, excessively
General form: 太 ____ 了
e.g. 太贵了
挺 (tǐng)
quite, pretty
最 (zuì)
most
你最喜欢的运动是什么
Nǐ zuì xǐhuān de yùndòng shì shénme
比 (bǐ)
(prep.) used to make comparisons.
e.g. 我比我的哥哥高。 (Wǒ bǐ wǒ de gēgē gāo.) Literally: (me + compared with + my (older) brother) + tall
(verb.) to compare.
比较 (bǐjiào)
to compare, comparatively
相对 (xiāngduì)
relative, relatively
绝对 (juéduì)
absolute, absolutely
有时候 (yǒu shíhou)
sometimes (literally, have times)
经常 (jīngcháng)
Often, frequently
偶尔 (ǒu’ěr)
occasionally
我偶尔看电影。 (wǒ ǒu’ěr kàn diànyǐng.)