Managing Vertical Dev

Question 1

What is the magnitude of a small, medium and large primary vertical?

Answer 1

Small = 0.5-5pd
Med = 6-15pd
Large = 16+pd

Question 2

How much residual demand should be left behind if treating primary VD w/ prism?

Answer 2

2-4pd

Question 3

What is the Active VT plan for primary vertical dev?

Answer 3

1. Treat monocular skills first

2. Work on vertical vergence ranges

Question 4

What 3 tests can be used to work on vertical vergence ranges?

Answer 4

1. Vectograms
2. Eccentric circles
3. Stereoscope

Question 5

What primary vertical dev magnitude is needed to refer for sx?

Answer 5

10-12pd

- if recent onset, monitor 6-8 mo before referring

Question 6

This is when a vertical deviation is present in the dissociated position, but no bifoveally.

Answer 6

Secondary VD

- common in large angle IXT

Question 7

What is the tx for 2’ vertical dev?

Answer 7

1. Train convergence

2. Train horizontal dev

Question 8

This is vertical deviation that fluctuates in its presence and size; direction remains the same.

Answer 8

Variable Vertical deviation

Question 9

For Dissociated Vertical Deviations, if a primary vertical also exists, how should we Rx prism?

Answer 9

For primary vertical only