managing the impacts of tectonic hazards

Question 1

what is mitigation

Answer 1

reducing the impact of a hazard

Question 2

what is the purpose of tectonic hazard predictions

Answer 2

allow warnings to be given, and evacuation organised for volcanic eruption

Question 3

what is an example of tectonic hazard protection

Answer 3

earthquake- resistant buildings

Question 4

what is meant by tectonic hazard planning

Answer 4

preparations made in advanced for response and recover from it

Question 5

can earthquakes or volcanos be predicted in advanced

Answer 5

volcano

Question 6

what is a seismometer

Answer 6

instrument that detects earth movements in areas in risk of earthquakes

Question 7

how can early warning systems reduce the impact of an earthquake

Answer 7

warnings can be communicated quickly and automatically to people and control systems when shaking is detected, using internet, SMS networks and sirens

Question 8

why are warnings for an earthquake useful

Answer 8

-people can get cover before shaking starts
-people doing dangerous jobs can stop for safety
-gas can be shut off, preventing leaks/fires

Question 9

what is hazard mapping

Answer 9

mapping to identify areas that are affected by a hazard

Question 10

What is one way of reducing the number of deaths and injuries in a volcanic activity

Answer 10

predicting when a volcano is going to erupt gives people time to evacuate

Question 11

as well as seismometers what other sensors can detect indications that an eruption is likely

Answer 11

tiny earthquakes, escaping gas and changes in the shape of the volcano

Question 12

volcanos are also monitored during eruptions, which helps authorities respond appropriately. Give examples

Answer 12

-ash clouds can be tracked so flights can be cancelled, so passengers aren’t at risk
-if poisonous gasses are spread-gas masks could be worn

Question 13

how is the cost of repairs and re building afterwards recued

Answer 13

modern building technologies can be used to design buildings that don’t collapse in earthquakes

Question 14

what are shock absorbers

Answer 14

absorb earthquakes energy

Question 15

how can existing buildings/ bridges be strengthened

Answer 15

wrapping pillars with strong steel frames

Question 16

what features of a building is designed to withstand earthquakes

Answer 16

-rolling weights on the roof to reduce sway
-automatic shutters-prevents broken glass falling
-strong steel frame
-shock absorbers and deep foundations
-open area for evacuation