Managing populations Flashcards
Population policy definition
Some countries need to adopt population policies in order to manage their populations.
When was China’s One Child Policy introduced?
The One Child Policy was introduced in 1979.
Why was the One Child Policy introduced?
They needed to slow down the population as it was increasing so quickly.
What is the One Child Policy?
A rule was introduced to say that couples could only have one child unless they lived in rural areas.
How did they promote the One Child Policy?
Penalties were given to couples who had more than one child e.g. a big find or they could lose their job.
List the negative impacts of the One Child Policy.
- Unwanted baby girls have been abandoned or left in orphanages.
- There are now more men than women and many men can not find a wife.
- In the future the economy will not have enough people of working age to pay taxes.
Why did Singapore introduce a population policy?
Singapore are trying to increase the amount of people that have children. The number of people aged 65 and over will triple to 900,000 by 2030 and there will be concerns that there are not enough working age people to support them.
What is the population policy in Singapore?
Singapore introduced the ‘Marriage and Parenthood Package’ in 2008. It encourages couples to have at least 2 children through a range of measures including:
offering maternity leave up to 16 weeks,
providing paid child care leave for working parents,
providing a baby bonus scheme which includes money towards childcare,
tax savings and baby bonus cash in saving which equates to $142,000.
Why did Sweden introduce Maternity Rights?
In Sweden there is an ageing population and overall the population is decreasing. In the 1950’s the average woman had only 1.5 children, so the country wanted to do something to increase the birth rate.
What is Sweden’s Maternity Rights policy?
They introduced a range of benefits to encourage people to have children.
How did Sweden promote this Maternity right policy?
Paternal leave - Fathers can have 13 months off work at 80% of pay when they have a baby.
- If there are less than 30 months between children, an extra payment is made.
- Parents receive 900 euros per year per child they have.
- All day child care and all day schools allow parents to work full time.
